German

edit

Etymology

edit

The senses "smelly" and "grumpy" go back to different origins. The former pertains to Muff (bad smell) from Middle Low German muffen; the latter to Muffel (grumpy person), which is an Upper German dialect word of unknown origin. In contemporary German both senses often overlap (see below). It is therefore impossible to treat them as separate words anymore. Compare the same mixture of roots in muffelig.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈmʊfɪç/ (standard)
  • IPA(key): /ˈmʊfɪk/ (common form in southern Germany, Austria, and Switzerland)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: muf‧fig

Adjective

edit

muffig (strong nominative masculine singular muffiger, comparative muffiger, superlative am muffigsten)

  1. (generally) smelly, stinking, particularly: having a moldy smell
  2. (of a room, furniture) uninviting, fusty, in need of renovation
  3. (of a person) grumpy, unfriendly
  4. (figurative) old-fashioned, reactionary

Declension

edit
edit