painua

Finnish

Etymology

painaa +‎ -ua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑi̯nuɑˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝i̯nuɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑinuɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pai‧nu‧a

Verb

painua

1. to sink, sag, droop, fall, descend
2. to be pushed or pressed (against something)
3. to be squeezed or compressed
4. to settle (assume a more or less permanent position)
5. (of a voice) to get hoarse or raspy, such as from talking for too long
6. (colloquial) to go

Conjugation

Inflection of painua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		painun	en painu	1st sing.	olen painunut	en ole painunut
2nd sing.		painut	et painu	2nd sing.	olet painunut	et ole painunut
3rd sing.		painuu	ei painu	3rd sing.	on painunut	ei ole painunut
1st plur.		painumme	emme painu	1st plur.	olemme painuneet	emme ole painuneet
2nd plur.		painutte	ette painu	2nd plur.	olette painuneet	ette ole painuneet
3rd plur.		painuvat	eivät painu	3rd plur.	ovat painuneet	eivät ole painuneet
passive		painutaan	ei painuta	passive	on painuttu	ei ole painuttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		painuin	en painunut	1st sing.	olin painunut	en ollut painunut
2nd sing.		painuit	et painunut	2nd sing.	olit painunut	et ollut painunut
3rd sing.		painui	ei painunut	3rd sing.	oli painunut	ei ollut painunut
1st plur.		painuimme	emme painuneet	1st plur.	olimme painuneet	emme olleet painuneet
2nd plur.		painuitte	ette painuneet	2nd plur.	olitte painuneet	ette olleet painuneet
3rd plur.		painuivat	eivät painuneet	3rd plur.	olivat painuneet	eivät olleet painuneet
passive		painuttiin	ei painuttu	passive	oli painuttu	ei ollut painuttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		painuisin	en painuisi	1st sing.	olisin painunut	en olisi painunut
2nd sing.		painuisit	et painuisi	2nd sing.	olisit painunut	et olisi painunut
3rd sing.		painuisi	ei painuisi	3rd sing.	olisi painunut	ei olisi painunut
1st plur.		painuisimme	emme painuisi	1st plur.	olisimme painuneet	emme olisi painuneet
2nd plur.		painuisitte	ette painuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte painuneet	ette olisi painuneet
3rd plur.		painuisivat	eivät painuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat painuneet	eivät olisi painuneet
passive		painuttaisiin	ei painuttaisi	passive	olisi painuttu	ei olisi painuttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		painu	älä painu	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		painukoon	älköön painuko	3rd sing.	olkoon painunut	älköön olko painunut
1st plur.		painukaamme	älkäämme painuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		painukaa	älkää painuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		painukoot	älkööt painuko	3rd plur.	olkoot painuneet	älkööt olko painuneet
passive		painuttakoon	älköön painuttako	passive	olkoon painuttu	älköön olko painuttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		painunen	en painune	1st sing.	lienen painunut	en liene painunut
2nd sing.		painunet	et painune	2nd sing.	lienet painunut	et liene painunut
3rd sing.		painunee	ei painune	3rd sing.	lienee painunut	ei liene painunut
1st plur.		painunemme	emme painune	1st plur.	lienemme painuneet	emme liene painuneet
2nd plur.		painunette	ette painune	2nd plur.	lienette painuneet	ette liene painuneet
3rd plur.		painunevat	eivät painune	3rd plur.	lienevät painuneet	eivät liene painuneet
passive		painuttaneen	ei painuttane	passive	lienee painuttu	ei liene painuttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		painua		present	painuva	painuttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st painuakseni painuaksemme 2nd painuaksesi painuaksenne 3rd painuakseen painuaksensa		past	painunut	painuttu
2nd	inessive2	painuessa	painuttaessa	agent3	painuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st painuessani painuessamme 2nd painuessasi painuessanne 3rd painuessaan painuessansa		negative	painumaton
	instructive	painuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
3rd	inessive	painumassa	—
	elative	painumasta	—
	illative	painumaan	—
	adessive	painumalla	—
	abessive	painumatta	—
	instructive	painuman	painuttaman
4th4	verbal noun	painuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st painumaisillani painumaisillamme 2nd painumaisillasi painumaisillanne 3rd painumaisillaan painumaisillansa

Derived terms

• painua helvettiin
• painuksiin
• painuksissa
• painuksista
• painuma
• painumavara
• painuminen

 

Collocations

• painua hiiteen ― to go to hell
• painua kasaan ― to compress, crumble, cave in, be crushed (literally, “to be pressed into a lump”)
• painua kokoon ― to become collapsed or compressed
• painua pellolle ― to go away, get lost, bugger off
• painua suolle ― to go away, get lost, bugger off
• painua vittuun ― to fuck off

Further reading

• “painua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• apuani

Ingrian

Etymology

From painaa (“to bend”) +‎ -ua. Akin to Finnish painua.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑi̯nuɑ/, [ˈpɑi̯no̞]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑi̯nuɑ/, [ˈpɑi̯nuɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑi̯noː, -ɑi̯nuɑ
• Hyphenation: pai‧nu‧a

Noun

painua

1. (intransitive) to bend
2. (intransitive) to sag

Conjugation

Conjugation of painua (type 1/ampua, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painun	en painu	1st singular	oon painunt, oon painunut	en oo painunt, en oo painunut
2nd singular	painut	et painu	2nd singular	oot painunt, oot painunut	et oo painunt, et oo painunut
3rd singular	painuu	ei painu	3rd singular	ono painunt, ono painunut	ei oo painunt, ei oo painunut
1st plural	painumma	emmä painu	1st plural	oomma painuneet	emmä oo painuneet
2nd plural	painutta	että painu	2nd plural	ootta painuneet	että oo painuneet
3rd plural	painuut1), painuvat2), painutaa	evät painu, ei painuta	3rd plural	ovat painuneet	evät oo painuneet, ei oo painuttu
impersonal	painutaa	ei painuta	impersonal	ono painuttu	ei oo painuttu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painuin	en painunt, en painunut	1st singular	olin painunt, olin painunut	en olt painunt, en olt painunut
2nd singular	painuit	et painunt, et painunut	2nd singular	olit painunt, olit painunut	et olt painunt, et olt painunut
3rd singular	painui	ei painunt, ei painunut	3rd singular	oli painunt, oli painunut	ei olt painunt, ei olt painunut
1st plural	painuimma	emmä painuneet	1st plural	olimma painuneet	emmä olleet painuneet
2nd plural	painuitta	että painuneet	2nd plural	olitta painuneet	että olleet painuneet
3rd plural	painuit1), painuivat2), painuttii	evät painuneet, ei painuttu	3rd plural	olivat painuneet	evät olleet painuneet, ei olt painuttu
impersonal	painuttii	ei painuttu	impersonal	oli painuttu	ei olt painuttu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painuisin	en painuis	1st singular	olisin painunt, olisin painunut	en olis painunt, en olis painunut
2nd singular	painuisit, painuist1)	et painuis	2nd singular	olisit painunt, olisit painunut	et olis painunt, et olis painunut
3rd singular	painuis	ei painuis	3rd singular	olis painunt, olis painunut	ei olis painunt, ei olis painunut
1st plural	painuisimma	emmä painuis	1st plural	olisimma painuneet	emmä olis painuneet
2nd plural	painuisitta	että painuis	2nd plural	olisitta painuneet	että olis painuneet
3rd plural	painuisiit1), painuisivat2), painuttais	evät painuis, ei painuttais	3rd plural	olisivat painuneet	evät olis painuneet, ei olis painuttu
impersonal	painuttais	ei painuttais	impersonal	olis painuttu	ei olis painuttu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	painu	elä painu	2nd singular	oo painunt, oo painunut	elä oo painunt, elä oo painunut
3rd singular	painukoo	elköö painuko	3rd singular	olkoo painunt, olkoo painunut	elköö olko painunt, elköö olko painunut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	painukaa	elkää painuko	2nd plural	olkaa painuneet	elkää olko painuneet
3rd plural	painukoot	elkööt painuko, elköö painuttako	3rd plural	olkoot painuneet	elkööt olko painuneet, elköö olko painuttu
impersonal	painuttakkoo	elköö painuttako	impersonal	olkoo painuttu	elköö olko painuttu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	painunen	en painune
2nd singular	painunet	et painune
3rd singular	painunoo	ei painune
1st plural	painunemma	emmä painune
2nd plural	painunetta	että painune
3rd plural	painunoot	evät painune, ei painuttane
impersonal	painuttannoo	ei painuttane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		painua	present	painuva	painuttava
2nd	inessive	painujees	past	painunt, painunut	painuttu
	instructive	painuen	1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (painukaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	painumaa
	inessive	painumaas
	elative	painumast
	abessive	painumata
4th	nominative	painumiin
	partitive	painumista, painumist

Derived terms

• painuttaa

 

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 375