udać
Old Polish edit
Etymology edit
From u- + dać. First attested in the fFifteenth century. Compare Old Czech udati.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
udać pf
- to give
- Synonym: dać
- 1930 [Fifteenth century], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[2], 28, 55:
- Czlowyek roskosnego ziwota myedzi wami y nyeczisti barzo zavidzecz bødze bratv swemv... a nye vda (ne det) myøsa synow swych, gest to sam ge
- [Człowiek rozkosznego żywota miedzy wami i nieczysty barzo zawidzieć będzie bratu swemu... a nie uda (ne det) mięsa synow swych, jeż to sam je]
- (reflexive with się) to head (to go in a particular direction)
- 1874-1891 [1466], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 16:
- Motus voce canum cerws fugit, auia silue deserit, arua, gl. campos w pole, tenet, gl. arripit vda szą
- [Motus voce canum cerws fugit, auia silue deserit, arua, gl. campos w pole, tenet, gl. arripit uda się]
- (reflexive with się) to fall into something, to be overcome, to be overwhelmed by something
- Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa[3], page 91:
- *Vrzacz ony (sc. pogaństwo) svoye bogy tako barzo osromoczone, vyelyky strach, v wlyaknyenye wschysczy szye vdaly (in stuporem et timorem magnum sunt conversi)
- [Urziąc oni (sc. pogaństwo) swoje bogi tako barzo osromocone, w wieliki strach, w ulęknienie wszyscy sie udali (in stuporem et timorem magnum sunt conversi)]
- (reflexive with się) to devote oneself (to engage with zeal)
Derived terms edit
adjectives
Related terms edit
adverbs
nouns
Descendants edit
References edit
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “udać”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish udać. By surface analysis, u- + dać. Compare Czech udat, Kashubian ùdac, and Russian уда́ть/уда́ться (udátʹ).
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈu.dat͡ɕ/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈu.dat͡ɕ/
Audio 1, udać (file) Audio 2, udać się (file) - Rhymes: -udat͡ɕ
- Syllabification: u‧dać
Verb edit
udać pf (imperfective udawać)
- (transitive) to act, to feign (to create a false impression)
- (transitive) to pretend to be (to intentionally act like a person whom one is not)
- (transitive, obsolete) to denounce (to wrongly accuse)
- (transitive, obsolete) to share (to give a portion of)
- (transitive, obsolete) to get rid of, to do away with
- (transitive, obsolete) to remove
- (transitive, Middle Polish) to deceive, to cheat
- Synonym: oszukać
- (reflexive with się) to work out, to succeed (to finish as intended or expected) [+dative = for whom]
- (reflexive with się, literary) to repair, to head off, to go (to go to a particular place)
- (reflexive with się, colloquial, of plants) to fruit (to have a large output; to mature well)
- (reflexive with się, colloquial, of children) to turn out alright (to grow into a person who gains acceptance from those around him)
- (reflexive with się, obsolete) to please (to be enjoyable for someone)
- (reflexive with się, obsolete) to pretend to be [+ za (accusative) = whom]
- (reflexive with się, obsolete) to come in handy (to be useful)
Conjugation edit
Verb edit
udać pf (imperfective udawać)
- (reflexive with się, impersonal) to succeed, to manage [+dative = subject] [+infinitive = to do what] [+ w (locative) = at what]
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of udać | |
---|---|
infinitive | udać |
future indicative | uda |
past indicative | udało |
conditional | udałoby by udało |
imperative | niech uda |
Derived terms edit
adjectives
verbs
- udać idiotę pf, udawać idiotę impf
Related terms edit
adverbs
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), udać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 13 times in scientific texts, 53 times in news, 6 times in essays, 31 times in fiction, and 28 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 131 times, making it the 463rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References edit
Further reading edit
- udać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- udać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “udać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “udać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “UDAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 12.10.2018
- “UDAĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 12.10.2018
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “udać”, in Słownik języka polskiego[5]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “udać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[6]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “udać”, in Słownik języka polskiego[7] (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 229
- udać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego