u-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "u"

English

Etymology

Typographical substitution for μ, the symbol for micro, in environments where the correct symbol is not available.

Prefix

u-

1. Alternative form of μ- as an abbreviation of micro-.

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Chuukese

Prefix

u-

1. (subject marker for tense modifying pronouns) I

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Czech

Prefix

u-

1. (away) from

   ‎u- + ‎stoupit (“step”) → ‎ustoupit (“yield”)

2. (inchoative)
3. (telicity)

   ‎u- + ‎vidět (“see”) → ‎uvidět (“catch sight out of”)

4. (on perfective verbs) unintentionally, inadvertently, by mistake

   ‎u- + ‎řeknout (“say once”) → ‎uřeknout (“misspeak, say unintentionally once”)

5. (root modality) [i.e., deontic + dynamic modality: ability, obligation, permission, readiness]

   ‎u- + ‎zvednout (“lift”) → ‎uzvednout (“be able to lift”)

   ‎u- + ‎nést (“carry”) → ‎unést (“be able to carry”)

Derived terms

► Czech words prefixed with u-

Derived terms

• ubalit
• ubít
• ubytovat
• udobřit
• udělat
• udusit
• uhasit
• uchopit
• ujít
• ukázat
• ukamenovat
• uklouznout
• ukolébat
• ukonejšit
• ukořistit
• ukrást
• ukrýt
• ulehčit
• ulevit
• ulomit
• ulovit
• umínit

• umřít
• unést
• uplavat
• uplést
• upozornit
• upravit
• urazit
• uronit
• useknout
• usnadnit
• usnout
• uspat
• uspořádat
• ustát
• uštědřit
• uštěpačný
• utancovat
• utlouct
• utnout
• utopit
• utrhnout
• utrpení
• utrpět

Further reading

• u-/ú- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

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Danish

Prefix

u-

1. in-, un-, non-; (prefix meaning not, reversing the meaning)

Synonyms

• u-
• a-
• i-
• ikke-

Derived terms

► Danish words prefixed with u-

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Kamba

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u-

1. you singular (used for conjugating verbs to the subjective or nominative case of the personal pronoun)

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Kambera

Pronoun

u-

1. Alternative form of mu-

See also

Kambera pronominal clitics

	Nominative	Genetive	Accusative	Dative
1sg	ku-	-nggu	-ka	-ngga
2sg	mu- (u-)	-mu	-kau	-nggau
3sg	na-	-na	-ya	-nya
1pl.incl	ta-	-nda	-ta	-nda
1pl.excl	ma-	-ma	-kama	-nggama
2pl	mi- (i-)	-mi	-kami (-kai)	-nggami (-nggai)
3pl	da-	-da	-ha	-nja

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Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *u-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

u-

1. Class 1a noun prefix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Prefix

u-

1. Class 11 noun prefix; form of ulu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Prefix

u-

1. un-, (in certain cases) im-
2. an abbreviation of certain words beginning with "u"

Derived terms

► Norwegian Bokmål words prefixed with u-

References

• “u-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse ú- or ó-, English un-, German un-. With the intensifying function probably influenced by ov-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʉː/ (example of pronunciation)

Prefix

u-

1. un- (not)

   flaks → uflaks

   luck → bad luck

2. used to create an undesired version of the following noun

   vêr → uvêr

   weather → severe weather

   tid → utid

   time → inconvenient time

3. used to strengthen/intensify the following noun

   tal → utal

   number → huge number

4. an abbreviation of certain words beginning with "u"

Derived terms

► Norwegian Nynorsk words prefixed with u-

References

• “u-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Phuthi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *u-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

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Polish

Prefix

u-

1. Appears in front of some verbs meaning: to make something behave in a certain way

Derived terms

► Polish words prefixed with u-

Further reading

• u- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *u-. Prefixed form of the preposition u.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /u-/

Prefix

u-

1. Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
   1. (no change in meaning)

      ‎u- + ‎branīti (“to defend”) → ‎ubranīti (“to defend”)

   2. away

      ‎u- + ‎téči (“to run”) → ‎utéči (“to run away, escape”)

   3. (reflexive) to make a mistake while

      ‎u- + ‎štẹ́ti (“to count”) → ‎uštẹ́ti (“to miscount”)

Derived terms

► Slovene words prefixed with u-

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Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *u-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

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Swahili

Alternative forms

• w- (before a vowel)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *dʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (plural n-)

1. The prefix for noun class 11 denoting natural objects or extensions.

Derived terms

► Swahili words prefixed with u-

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (usually uncountable, irregular plural ma-)

1. The prefix for noun class 14 denoting abstract qualities or collections of small things; -ness or -ity.

Usage notes

• Used to form the names of countries.

Derived terms

► Swahili words prefixed with u-

See also

• Appendix:Swahili noun classes

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Swazi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

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Taos

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔu/

Prefix

u-

1. (transitive) Third person singular subject + third person duoplural object.

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Xhosa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *u-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

u-

1. Class 1a noun prefix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Prefix

u-

1. Class 11 noun prefix; form of ulu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

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Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *u-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

u-

1. Class 1a noun prefix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Nguni *ú-, from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

1. he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Etymology 5

Contracted from earlier ulu-, from Proto-Nguni *úlu-, from Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-.

Prefix

u-

1. Class 11 noun prefix.

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “u-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “u-”