w
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TranslingualEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
IPA (file)
LetterEdit
w (upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
- The first letter of callsigns allocated to American broadcast television and radio stations east of the Mississippi river.
LigatureEdit
w (obsolete)
- ⟨uu⟩
- ⟨vv⟩
SymbolEdit
w
GalleryEdit
- Letter styles
-
Uppercase and lowercase versions of W, in normal and italic type
-
Uppercase and lowercase W in Fraktur
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter W): Ẃẃ Ẁẁ Ŵŵ Ẅẅ Ẇẇ Ẉẉ W̊ẘ Ⱳⱳ ᴡ Ww
- (Letter combinations): Ꜳꜳ Ææ ᴁᴭ Ǽǽ Ǣǣ Ꜵꜵ Åå Ꜷꜷ Ꜹꜹ Ꜻꜻ Ꜽꜽ ct ȸ DZDzdz DŽDždž ᴂᵆ ᴔ & ff fi ffi fl ffl ℔ IJij LJLjlj Ỻỻ Ŋŋ NJNjnj Œœ ɶ Ꝏꝏ Ȣȣᴕ ȹ ẞß ſtst ᵫ Ůů Ww Ꝡꝡ
- Turned: ʍ
- Ƿ
- ʬ
Other representations of W:
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ˈdʌbl̩.juː/, /ˈdʌbə.juː/, /ˈdʌbiː.(j)uː/, /ˈdʌb.juː/, /ˈdʌb.jə/, /ˈdʌb/, /ˈdʌbz/
Audio (US) (file)
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W, plural ws or w's)
- The twenty-third letter of the English alphabet, called double-u and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2Edit
Abbreviations
w
- (stenoscript) the sound sequence /aʊ̯/.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of we.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of were.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of who and its inflection whom.
NounEdit
w
AdjectiveEdit
w
PrepositionEdit
w
- (text messaging) Alternative form of w/
- with a wing (on the Enneagram)
- When Sharon took the Enneagram test, she came out as a 3w2.
BasqueEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Basque alphabet, called uve bikoitz and written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
- Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See alsoEdit
DanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (uppercase W)
- the twenty-third letter of the Danish alphabet
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) bogstav; A a (Á á), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y (Ý ý), Z z, Æ æ (Ǽ ǽ), Ø ø (Ǿ ǿ), Å å (Ǻ ǻ)
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Dutch alphabet.
See alsoEdit
EgyptianEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /uː/
- Conventional anglicization: u
ParticleEdit
|
enclitic
- (Old Egyptian) not; used to negate the subjunctive or prospective in wishes and commands
Alternative formsEdit
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w |
NounEdit
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m
- area, district
- administrative district
- nome [since the New Kingdom]
InflectionEdit
Alternative formsEdit
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w | w | |||||
[Old Kingdom] |
PronounEdit
|
sg 1. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun
- Alternative form of wj (“I, me”)
ReferencesEdit
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 243.1–243.8
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 198, 415 page 51, 198, 415.
FinnishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- A letter of the Finnish alphabet, called kaksoisvee and written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
- In the Finnish alphabet, w is a variant of v.
- Used only in loanwords and proper names with old spelling.
See alsoEdit
FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (uppercase W)
FulaEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
See alsoEdit
GothicEdit
RomanizationEdit
w
- Romanization of 𐍅
Haitian CreoleEdit
PronounEdit
w
- Contraction of ou.
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- A letter of the extended Hungarian alphabet, called dupla vé and written in the Latin script.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | w | w-k |
accusative | w-t | w-ket |
dative | w-nek | w-knek |
instrumental | w-vel | w-kkel |
causal-final | w-ért | w-kért |
translative | w-vé | w-kké |
terminative | w-ig | w-kig |
essive-formal | w-ként | w-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | w-ben | w-kben |
superessive | w-n | w-ken |
adessive | w-nél | w-knél |
illative | w-be | w-kbe |
sublative | w-re | w-kre |
allative | w-hez | w-khez |
elative | w-ből | w-kből |
delative | w-ről | w-kről |
ablative | w-től | w-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
w-é | w-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
w-éi | w-kéi |
Possessive forms of w | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | w-m | w-im |
2nd person sing. | w-d | w-id |
3rd person sing. | w-je | w-i |
1st person plural | w-nk | w-ink |
2nd person plural | w-tek | w-itek |
3rd person plural | w-jük | w-ik |
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further readingEdit
- w in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IdoEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
IndonesianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
w
- (text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of gue.
- Synonym: gw
ItalianEdit
LetterEdit
w f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case W)
- the twenty-third letter of the Latin alphabet, called doppia vu or vu doppia in Italian
Usage notesEdit
- The letter W is not considered part of the Italian alphabet. It is found mainly in loanwords.
JapaneseEdit
EtymologyEdit
Short for (笑) (warai, “laughing”).
Punctuation markEdit
w
Usage notesEdit
- w can be used multiple times in a row, as in the examples above; it is sometimes repeated to quite lengthy extents.
Derived termsEdit
- 草 (kusa)
Related termsEdit
Lower SorbianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- we (especially before labial consonants and consonant clusters)
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *vъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
w (with locative)
MalayEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
MalteseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z
Etymology 2Edit
ConjunctionEdit
w
- Superseded spelling of u before or after a vowel.
NorwegianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w
- The 23rd letter of the Norwegian alphabet.
Usage notesEdit
- Only appears in loanwords from e.g. German.
NupeEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
Old PolishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Proto-Slavic *vъ(n), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *én. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.
PrepositionEdit
w
- denotes illative movement; into [+accusative]
- denotes contact because of movement, i.e. to bump into something [+accusative]
- denotes allative movement; to, towards [+accusative]
- used in temporal constructions to create adverbs from nouns [+accusative]
- denotes a goal or aim; for [+accusative] or [+locative]
- denotes function; in the role of; as [+accusative] or [+locative]
- denotes a manner; in [+accusative] or [+locative]
- denotes instrumental usage [+accusative] or [+locative]
- used with some nouns to denote physical or temporal measure [+accusative] or [+locative]
- denotes the amount of participants [+accusative]
- denotes a change of state; into [+accusative]
- denotes the intended addressee of a statement; at [+accusative] or [+locative]
- used in some syntactical constructions with verbs [+accusative]
- denotes inessive position; in [+locative]
- denotes position in time; in [+locative]
- denotes cause; because of [+locative]
- used in some noun constructions to denote "in the pattern of" [+locative]
- denotes state; in [+locative]
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Polish: w
ReferencesEdit
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “w”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
PolishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (upper case W, lower case)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Polish alphabet, called wu and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż
Etymology 2Edit
Inherited from Old Polish w, from Proto-Slavic *vъ(n), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *én. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.[1]
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
w
- Denotes inessive position; in, at, on [+locative]
- Od roku mieszkam we Francji. ― I've lived in France for a year.
- On siedzi w więzieniu za morderstwo. ― He's in prison for murder.
- Widziałam cię wczoraj w pociągu. ― I saw you on the train yesterday.
- Denotes position in time; in, on [+locative] or sometimes [+accusative]
- Urodziłem się w czerwcu. ― I was born in June.
- W niedzielę zawsze chodzimy do kościoła. ― We always go to church on Sundays.
- W zeszłym roku podróżowaliśmy po Europie. ― Last year we travelled around Europe.
- Denotes state; in [+locative]
- Byłem w szoku po wypadku. ― I was in shock after the accident.
- Kupił dziewczynie naszyjnik w postaci serca. ― He bought his girlfriend a necklace in the shape of a heart.
- Denotes approxmiate position; at [+locative]
- Musi być coś, w czym jesteś dobry? ― There must be something you're good at?
- Denotes illative movement; into, in, to [+accusative]
- Włożył koszulę w spodnie. ― He tucked his shirt into his trousers.
- Uderzyłem go prosto w twarz. ― I hit him right in the face.
- Skręć w lewo za pocztą. ― Turn (to the) left after the post office.
- Denotes a change of state; into [+accusative]
- Stary młyn przekształcono w nowoczesne mieszkania. ― They turned the old mill into modern apartments.
- Pokrój ziemniaki w małe kawałki. ― Cut the potatoes into small pieces.
- Used in some noun constructions to denote "in the pattern of" decorated with [+accusative]
- Miała na sobie długą, granatową suknię w złote gwiazdki. ― She was wearing a long, dark blue dress decorated with little gold stars.
- koszula w kratkę ― plaid shirt
- geopard w cętki. ― A spotted leopard
- Denotes length of time; within, in the space of, in [+accusative]
- Cały egzamin skończyłem w godzinę. ― I finished the whole exam within an hour.
- Synonyms: w ciągu, w przeciągu, na przestrzeni
- Denotes an amount or number; in, as [+accusative]
- Zróbmy coś fajnego, tylko w dwójkę. ― Let's do something fun, just the two of us.
- W tę grę można grać w cztery osoby. ― You can play this game as a foursome.
Usage notesEdit
Some combinations of sounds, chiefly consonant clusters at the beginning of the following noun, require that this preposition be used in the vocalized form we. Examples:
- we włosach ― in the hair
- we Wrocławiu ― in Wrocław
But:
- w Warszawie ― in Warsaw
TriviaEdit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), w is one of the top 10,355 most used words in Polish, appearing 3570 times in scientific texts, 4769 times in news, 3819 times in essays, 2589 times in fiction, and 1569 times in plays, totaling 16316 times, making it the 1st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]
ReferencesEdit
- ^ B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “w”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “w”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 650, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 2
Further readingEdit
- w in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- w in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “W”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 18.01.2023
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “w”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “w”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “w”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 435
PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Letter name:
Phoneme:
- IPA(key): /w/, /v/ (used in loanwords, varies according to the source language of the borrowed term)
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
RomaniEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- A letter used to represent the voiced labial-velar approximant (/w/) in the International Standard orthography.
ReferencesEdit
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “w”, in ニューエクスプレス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 16
RomanianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called dublu ve or dublu vî and written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See alsoEdit
SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /w/, /ɡw/, /β/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˌube ˈdoble/ [ˌu.β̞e ˈð̞o.β̞le]
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈdoble ˌbe/ [ˈd̪o.β̞le ˌβ̞e]
Audio (Spain) (file)
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- the 24th letter of the Spanish alphabet
SwedishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- Letter name
- Phoneme
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Swedish alphabet, called dubbel-ve and written in the Latin script. Previously treated as a variant of the letter v and not as its own independent letter.
Usage notesEdit
- In blackletter typography, w was commonly used instead of v. When printers (gradually during the 19th century) changed to Latin typography, spelling changed from w to v, except in some family names. However, this change does not count as a spelling reform.
- In many abbreviations, Swedes say v (ve, as in German) instead of w (dubbel ve), e.g. BMW (be emm ve), VW (ve ve), WC (ve se), WHO (ve hå o), WWW (ve ve ve).
TurkmenEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (upper case W)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called we and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
WelshEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Alternative formsEdit
- (with grave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel): ẁ
- (with acute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel): ẃ
- (with circumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel or disyllabicity): ŵ
- (with diaeresis to indicate disyllabicity): ẅ
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called w and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by u and followed by y.
MutationEdit
- w cannot be mutated but when representing a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word wy (“egg”):
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
wy | unchanged | unchanged | hwy |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Derived termsEdit
- Digraph sequences: wy
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
- (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd
NounEdit
w f (plural ŵau)
- The name of the Latin-script letter W.
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
w | unchanged | unchanged | hw |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Etymology 2Edit
Alternative formsEdit
- (in negative statements; also in affirmative statements in North Wales): dw
- (in affirmative statements): rw
PronunciationEdit
Usage notesEdit
This word is usually found in conjunction with the pronoun i and so may be pronounced as part of a diphthong /ʊi̯/ or as /wiː/.
VerbEdit
w
- (South Wales) first-person singular present colloquial of bod (in affirmative or negative statements)
- W i yn y car.
- I’m in the car.
- W i ddim yn hapus.
- I’m not happy.
Related termsEdit
- ydw (interrogative)
YorubaEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called wí and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
ZhuangEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /ʔɯ˨˦/
- Tone numbers: w1
- Hyphenation: w
NounEdit
w (1957–1982 spelling ɯ)
- gum (in the eye)
ZuluEdit
LetterEdit
w (lower case, upper case W)
- The twenty-third letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.