upe
Guaraní edit
Pronoun edit
upe
Latgalian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]. Cognates include Latvian upe and Lithuanian upė.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
upe f (diminutive upeite)
Declension edit
References edit
- M. Bukšs, J. Placinskis (1973) Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas vōrdneica, Latgaļu izdevnīceiba, page 129
- A. Andronov, L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN, page 18
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
In principle, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *apē-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-, *h₂op- (“(flowing) water, river”). Cognates include Lithuanian ùpė, dialectal ũpė, upìs, ùpis, Old Prussian ape (“river”), apus (“(water) well”), Sudovian upa (“river”), Hittite ẖap(a) (“river”), Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ, “water (plural)”), Tocharian A, Tocharian B āp (“water”). The u in Latvian upe (and Lithuanian upė), instead of the expected a, as in the Old Prussian cognate, is difficult to explain. Some suggest that upe was influenced by other words (e.g., Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)), others that it is not cognate with Old Prussian ape, but rather a reflex of Proto-Indo-European *eup-, *ūp-, *up- (“to call, to cry, to yell”), or then a specific Eastern Baltic word without a Proto-Indo-European etymology.[1]
Noun edit
upe f (5th declension)
- (geography) river (permanent watercourse)
- strauja, lēna upe ― fast, slow river
- kalnu, līdzenumu upe ― mountain, lowland river
- upes gultne ― riverbed
- upes ieleja ― river valley
- upes baseins ― river basin
- upju sistēma ― river system
- upes pietekas ― river tributaries
- upes ieteka, grīva ― river estuary, mouth
- upes izteka ― river source, headwaters
- upes augštece, lejtece ― upriver, downriver
- upju transports ― fluvial transportation
- upju kuģniecība ― river lines
Declension edit
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “upe”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
upè f
Noun edit
ùpe f
Portuguese edit
Verb edit
upe
- inflection of upar:
Spanish edit
Verb edit
upe
- inflection of upar:
Yoruba edit
Alternative forms edit
- ìpè (Standard Yoruba)
Etymology edit
From ù- (“nominalizing prefix”) + pè (“to call”)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ùpè
- (chiefly CY and SEY) pronunciation, calling
- Synonym: ùké
- (chiefly CY and SEY) call, invitation, summon
- Synonym: ùkésí
- (chiefly CY and SEY) traditional horn or trumpet