Wiktionary

曉

See also: 晓 and 暁
曉 U+66C9, 曉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66C9
← 曈
[U+66C8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 曊 →
[U+66CA]

Translingual edit

Traditional 曉
Shinjitai 暁
Simplified 晓

Han character edit

曉 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日土土山 (AGGU), four-corner 64011, composition ⿰日堯)

Derived characters edit

Related characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 500, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14176
  • Dae Jaweon: page 870, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1535, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+66C9

Chinese edit

trad. 曉
simp. 晓

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (垚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
撓 *hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ
鐃 *rŋaːw
譊 *rŋaːw
橈 *rŋaːws, *ŋjew
磽 *ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ
墝 *ŋ̊ʰreːw
穘 *hŋreːw
顤 *hŋreːw, *ŋeːws
燒 *hŋjew, *hŋjaws
饒 *ŋjew, *ŋjaws
蟯 *ŋjew, *ʔŋew
蕘 *ŋjew
襓 *ŋjew
繞 *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws
遶 *ŋjewʔ
嬈 *njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws
趬 *ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews
蹺 *ŋ̊ʰew
翹 *ɡew, *ɡews
澆 *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws
驍 *ŋkeːw
僥 *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw
堯 *ŋeːw
垚 *ŋeːw
嶢 *ŋeːw
獟 *ŋeːws
膮 *hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ
嘵 *hŋeːw
憢 *hŋeːw
曉 *hŋeːwʔ
皢 *hŋeːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋeːwʔ) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • hiao2 - Shantou;
  • hiou2 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 曉
Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɑu²¹⁴/
Harbin /ɕiau²¹³/
Tianjin /ɕiɑu¹³/
Jinan /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ɕiau⁵³/
Xi'an /ɕiau⁵³/
Xining /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Yinchuan /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɔ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ɕiɔ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiau⁴²/
Chengdu /ɕiau⁵³/
Guiyang /ɕiao⁴²/
Kunming /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Nanjing /ɕiɔo²¹²/
Hefei /ɕiɔ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiau⁵³/
Pingyao /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ɕiɔ³⁵/
Suzhou /ɕiæ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ɕa³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ɕiɔ³⁵/
Tunxi /ɕio³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕiau⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɕiaɯ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /hiau³¹/
Taoyuan /hiɑu³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hiu³⁵/
Nanning /hiu³⁵/
Hong Kong /hiu³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hiau⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hieu³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xiau²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiau⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hiau²¹³/
Rime
Character 曉
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 蕭 (93)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 馨皛切
Baxter xewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/heuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/heuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xeuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hɛwX/
Li
Rong 		/xeuX/
Wang
Li 		/xieuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/xieuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hiu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 曉
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xiǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xewX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰˁewʔ/
English understand

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 曉
Reading # 1/1
No. 14699
Phonetic
component 		垚
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		䥵
Old
Chinese 		/*hŋeːwʔ/

Definitions edit

曉

  1. dawn; daybreak
    破曉／破晓  ―  pòxiǎo  ―  dawn, daybreak; to dawn
  2. to know; to understand; to get
    通曉／通晓  ―  tōngxiǎo  ―  to thoroughly understand
  3. (Hakka, including Huiyang Hakka, Huicheng dialect) will; would
  4. a surname

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 會 (“to know how to; to be able to”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 會
Mandarin Beijing 會
Taiwan 會
Jinan 會
Xi'an 會
Wuhan 會, 曉得
Chengdu 會
Yangzhou 會
Hefei 會
Malaysia 會
Singapore 會
Cantonese Guangzhou 會, 識, 識得, 曉
Hong Kong 識, 識得, 曉
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 識
Macau 識
Taishan 會, 識, 識領, 曉, 曉領
Yangjiang 會, 識
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 識
Penang (Guangfu) 識
Singapore (Guangfu) 識
Gan Nanchang 會, 曉得
Hakka Meixian 會, 識得, 曉, 曉得
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 曉得, 會
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 曉得, 會
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 曉得, 會
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 曉得, 曉
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 曉得, 會
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 會, 會曉
Hong Kong 曉
Sabah (Bao'an) 曉
Kuching (Hepo) 曉
Jin Taiyuan 會
Northern Min Jian'ou 惡
Jianyang (Huangkeng) 解
Eastern Min Fuzhou 會
Southern Min Xiamen 會, 會曉
Quanzhou 會, 會曉
Zhangzhou 會, 會曉
Taipei 會, 會曉
New Taipei (Sanxia) 會, 會曉
Kaohsiung 會, 會曉
Yilan 會, 會曉
Changhua (Lukang) 會, 會曉
Taichung 會, 會曉
Tainan 會, 會曉
Hsinchu 會
Kinmen 會
Penghu (Magong) 會
Singapore (Hokkien) 會曉
Manila (Hokkien) 會曉
Medan (Hokkien) 會曉
Chaozhou 會, 會曉
Shantou 會, 會曉
Shantou (Chaoyang) 會
Singapore (Teochew) 會曉
Wenchang 捌
Qionghai 捌
Singapore (Hainanese) 捌
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 捌, 捌得
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 識
Wu Shanghai 會, 曉得
Suzhou 會
Wenzhou 會
Xiang Changsha 會, 曉得
Shuangfeng 會, 曉得

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Shinjitai

暁

Kyūjitai

曉

Kanji edit

曉

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 暁)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 暁

Readings edit

Definitions edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 曉 – see the following entry.
【暁】S
[kanji] Hyōgaiji kanji
(This term, 曉, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 曉 (MC xewX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation edit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ço(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [효(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

曉 (eumhun 새벽 효 (saebyeok hyo))

  1. Hanja form? of 효 (“dawn”).

Compounds edit

Compounds

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Old Japanese edit

Etymology edit

From 明か (aka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 明く (aku), “to open”) +‎ 時 (to2ki1, “time, moment, hour”).[1][2]

Noun edit

曉 (akato2ki1) (kana あかとき)

  1. the dawn, daybreak
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 18, poem 4084:
      , text here
      安可登吉爾名能里奈久奈流保登等藝須伊夜米豆良之久於毛保由流香母
      akato2ki1 ni nano2ri nakunaru poto2to2gi1su iya medurasiku omopoyuru ka mo
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Coordinate terms edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Japanese: 暁 (akatsuki)

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

曉: Hán Nôm readings: hẻo, hểu, hiểu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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