紅塵

Chinese

		red; revolutionary; prosperity red; revolutionary; prosperity; bonus; popular	dust; dirt; earth
trad. (紅塵)		紅	塵
simp. (红尘)		红	尘

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hóngchén

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung⁴ can⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hông-tîn / âng-tîn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ang⁵ ding⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hóngchén
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hóngchén
    • Wade–Giles: hung²-chʻên²
    • Yale: húng-chén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngchern
    • Palladius: хунчэнь (xunčɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung⁴ can⁴
    • Yale: hùhng chàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung⁴ tsan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung⁴ cen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰɐn²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông-tîn
    • Tâi-lô: hông-tîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hongdiin
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tin²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² tin¹³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-tîn
    • Tâi-lô: âng-tîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: angdiin
    • IPA (Taipei): /aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /aŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ang⁵ ding⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: âng tîng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: huwng drin

Rime
Character	紅	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	戸公切	直珍切
Baxter	huwng	drin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuŋ/	/ɖˠiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuŋ/	/ɖᵚin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡien/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəwŋ/	/ɖjin/
Li Rong	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡjĕn/
Wang Li	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡǐĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡʱi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hóng	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung4	can4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɡˤoŋ  [d]rə[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːŋ  rdɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	紅	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hóng	chén
Middle Chinese	‹ huwng ›	‹ drin ›
Old Chinese	/*ɡˁoŋ/	/*[d]rə[n]/
English	pink	dust (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	紅	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4055	1397
Phonetic component	工	塵
Rime group	東	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	洪	陳
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːŋ/	/*rdɯn/

Noun

紅塵

1. (literary) dust (kicked up by vehicles and horses)

   • 一騎紅塵妃子笑，無人知是荔枝來。 [MSC, trad.]
     一骑红尘妃子笑，无人知是荔枝来。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 唐·杜牧《過華清宮》詩之一

     Yī qí hóngchén fēizǐ xiào, wú rén zhī shì lìzhī lái. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (figuratively) bustling places
3. (figuratively, Buddhism, Taoism) world of mortals; human society; worldly affairs

   • 紅塵夢醒一場空，美麗青春親像昨。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     红尘梦醒一场空，美丽青春亲像昨。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 2009, 詹雅雯, 姨仔

     Âng-tîn bāng-chhíⁿ chi̍t tiûⁿ khang, bí-lē chheng-chhun chhin-chhiūⁿ cha̋ng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     Waking from the dreams of the world of mortals, all just comes to nothing; beauty and youthfulness are like yesterday.

Derived terms

• 滾滾紅塵／滚滚红尘
• 看破紅塵／看破红尘
• 紅塵客夢／红尘客梦
• 紅塵萬丈／红尘万丈
• 紫陌紅塵／紫陌红尘

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (紅塵):

• → Japanese: 紅塵(こうじん) (kōjin)
• → Korean: 홍진(紅塵) (hongjin)
• → Vietnamese: hồng trần (紅塵)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
紅	塵
こう Grade: 6	じん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Noun

紅(こう)塵(じん) • (kōjin) 

1. red dust; urban dust
2. (figurative) earthly affairs; society; the secular world

Korean

Hanja in this term
紅	塵

Noun

紅塵 • (hongjin) (hangeul 홍진)

1. Hanja form^? of 홍진 (“dust, bustling places”).