Wiktionary

ros

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ros"

Catalan edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Old Catalan ros, from Latin russus, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Occitan ros, French roux, Spanish rojo.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

ros (feminine rossa, masculine plural rossos, feminine plural rosses)

  1. blond
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Inherited from Latin rōs, used as a neuter. Compare the form rou.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ros m (plural rosos)

  1. (dialectal, Valencia, archaic) dew
    Synonyms: rosada, rou
Related terms edit

Etymology 3 edit

Named after general Ros Olano.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ros m (plural rossos)

  1. a particular type of military cap, introduced by General Ros de Olano in the Spanish Army in the XIX century.

Etymology 4 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ros

  1. plural of ro (“rho (Greek letter)”)

References edit

Cornish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Brythonic *rrod, from Proto-Celtic *rotos, from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os.

Noun edit

ros f (plural rosow)

  1. wheel

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Brythonic *rros, from Proto-Celtic *ɸrossos.

Noun edit

ros f (plural rosyow)

  1. heathland

Etymology 3 edit

Noun edit

ros f (singulative rosen)

  1. roses

Dalmatian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin russus, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Occitan ros, French roux, Friulian ros.

Adjective edit

ros

  1. red

Danish edit

Verb edit

ros

  1. imperative of rose

Dutch edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Dutch ros, from Old Dutch ros, hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of kar.

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

ros n (plural rossen, diminutive rosje n)

  1. horse
    Synonym: paard
  2. steed
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
  • Afrikaans: ros
  • ⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)
    • → West Frisian: rosse (verb)

Etymology 2 edit

Adjective edit

ros (comparative rosser, superlative meest ros or rost)

  1. of an impure red colour; reddish
    de rosse buurt
    the red-light district
  2. ginger, red-haired.
Inflection edit
Inflection of ros
uninflected ros
inflected rosse
comparative rosser
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial ros rosser het rost
het roste
indefinite m./f. sing. rosse rossere roste
n. sing. ros rosser roste
plural rosse rossere roste
definite rosse rossere roste
partitive ros rossers —
Derived terms edit

Friulian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin russus.

Adjective edit

ros

  1. red

Derived terms edit

Irish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Irish ros (“linseed”).

Noun edit

ros m (genitive singular rois)

  1. linseed, flaxseed
    Synonym: ros lín
Declension edit
Declension of ros

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative ros
Vocative a rois
Genitive rois
Dative ros

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an ros
Genitive an rois
Dative leis an ros

don ros

Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Irish ros (“wood, promontory”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸrossos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”).

Noun edit

ros m (genitive singular rosa, nominative plural rosa)

  1. wood, wooded headland
    Synonym: coill
  2. (geography) headland, promontory
    Synonyms: rinn, scoth, léim
Declension edit
Declension of ros

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative ros rosa
Vocative a ros a rosa
Genitive rosa ros
Dative ros rosa

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an ros na rosa
Genitive an rosa na ros
Dative leis an ros

don ros

leis na rosa
Derived terms edit

Mutation edit

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
ros not applicable not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

Latin edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁roseh₂ (“dew”), itself possibly a derivative of *h₁ers- (“to flow”). Cognate with Sanskrit रसा (rásā, “moisture, humidity”), Ancient Greek ἐξεράω (exeráō, “pour out”), Lithuanian rasà (“dew”), Serbo-Croatian rosa／роса (“dew”).[1]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

rōs m (genitive rōris); third declension

  1. dew
  2. moisture
  3. rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus, syn. Rosmarinus officinalis)
    • 690–750, Excerpta ex libro glossarum published in the Corpus glossariorum latinorum V page 179, 6
      Citisum genus arboris quasi catanum erba odoribera uergilius et uix humiles apibus casias rorem que
      Cytisus is a kind of tree like juniper a sweet-smelling herb, greener and hardly serving the bees in comparison to furzes and rosemary.

Declension edit

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative rōs rōrēs
Genitive rōris rōrum
Dative rōrī rōribus
Accusative rōrem rōrēs
Ablative rōre rōribus
Vocative rōs rōrēs

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 526-7

Lower Sorbian edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

ros

  1. second-person singular imperative of rosć

Mauritian Creole edit

Etymology edit

From French roche.

Noun edit

ros

  1. rock, stone

References edit

  • Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987. Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français

Middle English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

ros

  1. plural of ro (“roe deer”)

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

ros

  1. Alternative form of rosen (“to boast”)

Mokilese edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Oceanic *rodrom (“dark, cloudy”), from Proto-Austronesian *demdem (“gloom, darkness”)

Noun edit

ros

  1. darkness

Derived terms edit

References edit

External links edit

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Verb edit

ros

  1. passive form of ro

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Etymology 1 edit

From the verb rosa (“to praise”), from Old Norse hrósa. Prior to the spelling reform of 1959, this noun was considered grammatically feminine or neuter. The revision made non-standard the definite singular forms rosa, rosi, and roset.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ros m (definite singular rosen, uncountable)

  2. praise
    • 1875, Elias Blix, “Med Jesus”, in Nokre Salmar [Some hymns], 3rd edition, page 25:
      Det er mi høgste Æra, // det er mi største Ros // hans Fylgjesvein at vera // og vandra i hans Ljos.
      It is my highest honour, // it is my highest praise: // to be a His disciple // and wander in His light.
    • 1992, Arne Ruset, Den svarte kista, pages 85–86:
      Sophies Minde vart flau av all rosen, og gav noko nebbete uttrykk for at no heldt det lenge.
      Sophies Minde got embarrassed by all the praise, and expressed somewhat snarkily that this would be enough for a good while.

Verb edit

ros

  1. imperative of rosa

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse rǫs, plural of ras n, whence also the more common doublet of ras.

Alternative forms edit

  • ròs (alternative spelling)

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ros f (definite singular rosa, indefinite plural roser, definite plural rosene)

  2. an avalanche, a landslide, a slip
    Synonym: skred
  3. cavity left in place of the masses displaced by such an avalanche, landslide or other
  5. a scratch in the skin

Etymology 3 edit

 
mann med ros i andletet

After German Rose, from Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa. Doublet of rose.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ros f (definite singular rosa, uncountable)

  2. (pathology) erysipelas
    Synonym: (more common) rosen

References edit

Occitan edit

Etymology edit

From Old Occitan ros, from Latin russus, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

Pronunciation edit

  • Audio(file)

Adjective edit

ros m (feminine singular rossa, masculine plural rosses, feminine plural rossas)

  1. russet

References edit

Old Irish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Celtic *ɸrossos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”). The same construction as Sanskrit प्रस्थ (prastha, “plateau”), but probably coined separately in the two languages.[1]

Noun edit

ros m (genitive ruis, nominative plural ruis)

  1. A promontory.
  2. A wood.
    • c. 900, Sanas Cormaic, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, Corm. Y 1079
      ross .i. trēde fordingair .i. ros fidbuide, […]
      wood, that is, a triad of meanings, that is, a wood of yellow trees, […]
Inflection edit
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ros rosL ruisL
Vocative ruis rosL rusuH
Accusative rosN rosL rusuH
Genitive ruisL ros rosN
Dative rusL rosaib rosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants edit
  • Irish: ros (“wood”)
  • Scottish Gaelic: ros (“promontory”)

Etymology 2 edit

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥so-, which is most likely a borrowing from a non-Indo-European language. See also Latin porrum (“leek”), English furze, and possibly Ancient Greek πράσον (práson, “leek”).[2]

Noun edit

ros m (genitive ruis, nominative plural ruis)

  1. A linseed.
    • c. 900, Sanas Cormaic, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, Corm. Y 1079
      ros līn
      linseed
  2. A flax - or other small seed.
Inflection edit
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ros rosL ruisL
Vocative ruis rosL rusuH
Accusative rosN rosL rusuH
Genitive ruisL ros rosN
Dative rusL rosaib rosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants edit
  • Irish: ros (“linseed”)
  • Scottish Gaelic: ros (“linseed”)

Mutation edit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ros
also rros after a proclitic 		ros
pronounced with /r(ʲ)-/ 		unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

References edit

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 142
  2. ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “ros”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page ros

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Latin rōsus.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

ros (past participle of roade)

  1. past participle of roade

Adjective edit

ros m or n (feminine singular roasă, masculine plural roși, feminine and neuter plural roase)

  1. gnawed, eaten away at
  2. eroded, consumed
  3. (of clothes) careworn, threadbare, shabby, seedy, frayed

Declension edit

Declension of ros
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite ros roasă roși roase
definite rosul roasa roșii roasele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite ros roase roși roase
definite rosului roasei roșilor roaselor

Related terms edit

Scottish Gaelic edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Irish ros (“linseed”).

Noun edit

ros m (genitive singular rois, plural rosan)

  1. linseed, flax seed

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Irish ros (“wood, promontory”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸrossos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”).

Noun edit

ros m (genitive singular rois, plural rosan)

  1. promontory, peninsula, isthmus

References edit

Seychellois Creole edit

Etymology edit

From French roche.

Noun edit

ros

  1. rock, stone

References edit

  • Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet, Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈros/ [ˈros]
  • Rhymes: -os
  • Syllabification: ros

Etymology 1 edit

Named after Antonio Ros de Olano (1808–1886), a Spanish general who introduced the hat into the Spanish army

Noun edit

ros m (plural roses)

  1. a type of military hat, similar to a shako

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

ros m pl

  1. plural of ro

Further reading edit

Sranan Tongo edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Dutch rossen.

Verb edit

ros

  1. to beat up, to give a beating

Swedish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Swedish ros‚ from Middle Low German rose, from Latin rosa.

Noun edit

ros c

  1. a rose; a flower, a shrub, also as heraldic charge
    • 1963, Arne Qvick (lyrics and music), “Rosen [The rose]”:
      Ty just nu idag, så köpte jag, en liten ros i en blomsteraffär. En ros röd som blod, så att du förstod, att det är dig som jag håller kär.
      For just now today, I bought, a small rose in a flower shop. A rose red as blood, so that you understood, that it is you that I hold dear.
  2. praise, acclaim
    Antonym: ris
    Spelet har fått mycket ros av kritikerna
    The game has received much critical acclaim
    ris och ros
    praise and criticism (idiomatic – also the name of a readers' section in some newspapers (for commending or criticizing))
Declension edit
Declension of ros 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ros rosen rosor rosorna
Genitive ros rosens rosors rosornas
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

ros

  1. indefinite genitive singular of ro

Etymology 3 edit

Verb edit

ros

  1. passive infinitive of ro
  2. present passive of ro

References edit

Anagrams edit

Tok Pisin edit

Etymology edit

From German Rost.

Noun edit

ros

  1. rust

Zoogocho Zapotec edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Spanish arroz, from Andalusian Arabic الرَّوْز (ar-rawz), from Arabic أَرُزّ (ʔaruzz, “rice”), from Ancient Greek ὄρυζᾰ (óruza).

Noun edit

ros

  1. rice

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Spanish rosa, from Latin rosa.

Noun edit

ros

  1. rose
Derived terms edit

References edit

  • Long C., Rebecca, Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎[4] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 270
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