Bulgarian

edit
 
Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia bg

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [ˈdumɐ]
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma (thought), Origin disputed. Either from Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (judicial decision, act, thought). Or from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (to smoke), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (to blow, to inflate), Proto-Slavic *dymъ (smoke).

Noun

edit

ду́ма (dúmaf

  1. word (unit of language)
  2. word, account (the thing one talks about)
  3. word, talk, conversation
  4. word, promise, pledge
  5. word, say, opinion, verdict
  6. the right to speak, floor
Declension
edit
Declension of ду́ма
singular plural
indefinite ду́ма
dúma
ду́ми
dúmi
definite ду́мата
dúmata
ду́мите
dúmite
vocative form ду́мо
dúmo
ду́ми
dúmi

Etymology 2

edit
 
Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia bg

Borrowed from Russian ду́ма (dúma), from the same source as Etymology 1.

Noun

edit

ду́ма (dúmaf

  1. duma (Russian legislative assembly)
Declension
edit
Declension of ду́ма
singular plural
indefinite ду́ма
dúma
ду́ми
dúmi
definite ду́мата
dúmata
ду́мите
dúmite

Further reading

edit
  • дума”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Macedonian

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma (thought).

Noun

edit

дума (dumaf (plural думи)

  1. (regional) word (unit of language)
    Synonym: збор (zbor)
  2. (regional) thought
    Synonym: мисла (misla)
Declension
edit
Declension of дума
singular plural
indefinite дума (duma) думи (dumi)
definite unspecified думата (dumata) думите (dumite)
definite proximal думава (dumava) думиве (dumive)
definite distal думана (dumana) думине (dumine)
vocative думо (dumo) думи (dumi)

Verb

edit

дума (duma) third-singular presentimpf

  1. (regional, archaic) to remember

Etymology 2

edit

Borrowed from Russian ду́ма (dúma), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *duma (thought).

Noun

edit

дума (dumaf (uncountable)

  1. duma (Russian legislature)
Declension
edit
Declension of дума
singular
indefinite дума (duma)
definite unspecified думата (dumata)
definite proximal думава (dumava)
definite distal думана (dumana)
vocative думо (dumo)

Russian

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma (thought, care, council), Origin disputed. Either from Germanic, possibly Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (judicial decision, act, thought), Gothic 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐍃 (dōms, judgment, act, thought), 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dōmjan, to judge), 𐌳𐍉𐌼 (dōm, council, thought). Also compare modern German -tum, English -dom, doom. Or from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (to smoke), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (to blow, to inflate), Proto-Slavic *dymъ (smoke).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ду́ма (dúmaf inan (genitive ду́мы, nominative plural ду́мы, genitive plural дум, relational adjective ду́мский, diminutive ду́мка)

  1. thought, meditation
    Synonyms: мысль (myslʹ), разду́мье (razdúmʹje)
    Вечерний звон, вечерний звон, как много дум наводит он! - The evening bell, the evening bell, how much thoughts does it bring!
  2. duma (Russian legislature)
    Synonym: парла́мент (parláment)

Declension

edit
edit

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дума”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Ukrainian

edit
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Slavic *duma (thought, care, council), Origin disputed. Either from Germanic, possibly Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (judicial decision, act, thought), Gothic 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐍃 (dōms, judgment, act, thought), 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dōmjan, to judge), 𐌳𐍉𐌼 (dōm, council, thought). Also compare modern German -tum, English -dom, doom. Or from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ду́ма (dúmaf inan (genitive ду́ми, nominative plural ду́ми, genitive plural дум)

  1. A thought, meditation, idea.
  2. A sung epic poem, of a type invented by Ukrainian Cossacks in the 16th century; a ballad, elegy.

Declension

edit
Declension of ду́ма
(inan hard fem-form accent-a)
singular plural
nominative ду́ма
dúma
ду́ми
dúmy
genitive ду́ми
dúmy
дум
dum
dative ду́мі
dúmi
ду́мам
dúmam
accusative ду́му
dúmu
ду́ми
dúmy
instrumental ду́мою
dúmoju
ду́мами
dúmamy
locative ду́мі
dúmi
ду́мах
dúmax
vocative ду́мо
dúmo
ду́ми
dúmy

Derived terms

edit
edit

Descendants

edit

References

edit