дума
Bulgarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma (“thought”), Origin disputed. Either from Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judicial decision, act, thought”). Or from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”).
Noun edit
ду́ма • (dúma) f
- word (unit of language)
- word, account (the thing one talks about)
- word, talk, conversation
- word, promise, pledge
- word, say, opinion, verdict
- the right to speak, floor
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Russian ду́ма (dúma), from the same source as Etymology 1.
Noun edit
ду́ма • (dúma) f
- duma (Russian legislative assembly)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- “дума”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
Macedonian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma (“thought”).
Noun edit
Declension edit
Verb edit
дума • (duma) third-singular present, impf
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Russian ду́ма (dúma), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *duma (“thought”).
Noun edit
дума • (duma) f (uncountable)
- duma (Russian legislature)
Declension edit
Russian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma (“thought, care, council”), Origin disputed. Either from Germanic, possibly Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judicial decision, act, thought”), Gothic 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐍃 (dōms, “judgment, act, thought”), 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dōmjan, “to judge”), 𐌳𐍉𐌼 (dōm, “council, thought”). Also compare modern German -tum, English -dom, doom. Or from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ду́ма • (dúma) f inan (genitive ду́мы, nominative plural ду́мы, genitive plural дум, relational adjective ду́мский, diminutive ду́мка)
- thought, meditation
- duma (Russian legislature)
- Synonym: парла́мент (parláment)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Ukrainian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *duma (“thought, care, council”), Origin disputed. Either from Germanic, possibly Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judicial decision, act, thought”), Gothic 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐍃 (dōms, “judgment, act, thought”), 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dōmjan, “to judge”), 𐌳𐍉𐌼 (dōm, “council, thought”). Also compare modern German -tum, English -dom, doom. Or from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ду́ма • (dúma) f inan (genitive ду́ми, nominative plural ду́ми, genitive plural дум)
- A thought, meditation, idea.
- A sung epic poem, of a type invented by Ukrainian Cossacks in the 16th century; a ballad, elegy.
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- ду́мати (dúmaty)
References edit
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “дума”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka