око
BulgarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
око́ • (okó) n (related adjective о́чен)
DeclensionEdit
MacedonianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
око • (oko) n (plural очи, related adjective очен, diminutive окце or оче)
DeclensionEdit
Old Church SlavonicEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- Glagolitic: ⱁⰽⱁ (oko)
- ꙩко (oko) (with monocular o) (with ꙫчи (oči) (dual with binocular o) and ꙭчи (oči) (dual with double monocular o))
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *ȍko, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ak-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
NounEdit
око • (oko) n
DeclensionEdit
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | око oko |
очи oči |
очеса očesa |
| Accusative | око oko |
очи oči |
очеса očesa |
| Genitive | очесе, ока očese, oka |
очью, очию očĭju, očiju |
очесъ očesŭ |
| Locative | очесе, оцѣ, очеси očese, ocě, očesi |
очью, очию očĭju, očiju |
очесьхъ očesĭxŭ |
| Dative | очеси, окоу očesi, oku |
очима očima |
очесьмъ očesĭmŭ |
| Instrumental | очесьмь, окомь očesĭmĭ, okomĭ |
очима očima |
очесꙑ očesy |
| Vocative | око oko |
очи oči |
очеса očesa |
The singular takes o-stem or s-stem endings, the dual takes mostly i-stem endings, and the plural takes s-stem endings. Halla-aho considers the dual forms a remnant of an original i-stem which later became an s-stem, but Derksen reconstructs the Proto-Slavic form as an o-stem instead.
See alsoEdit
- многоочитый, многоꙮчитїи (mnogoočityj, mnogoočitii) (ꙮ (o))
ReferencesEdit
- Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “око”, in Staroslavjanskij slovarʹ (po rukopisjam X—XI vekov) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk
- Hauptova Z., editor (1958–1997), “око”, in Slovník jazyka staroslověnského (Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae), Prague: Euroslavica
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26)[1], Helsinki: University of Helsinki
Old East SlavicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
NounEdit
око (oko) n
DescendantsEdit
- Old Belarusian: око (oko), воко (voko)
- Russian: о́ко (óko) (dated, archaic); во́ка (vóka) (dialectal)
- Old Ukrainian: око (oko), воко (voko)
ReferencesEdit
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902), “око”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][2] (in Russian), volume 2: Л – П, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 642
RussianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Old East Slavic око (oko), from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́чи*, genitive plural оче́й*) (* о́чи is actually an old nominative dual form for neuter nouns.)
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
- зао́чный (zaóčnyj)
- очеви́дный (očevídnyj)
RusynEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
NounEdit
око • (oko)
Serbo-CroatianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
NounEdit
о̏ко n (Latin spelling ȍko)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PrepositionEdit
о̏ко (Latin spelling ȍko) (+ genitive case)
- around
- about
- approximately
- Заплијењено је око 45 кг. ― Approximately 45 kg was seized.
UkrainianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
NounEdit
о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́чі, genitive plural оче́й)
Usage notesEdit
Notice that the irregular plural is an old dual form.
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish اوقه.
NounEdit
о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́ка, genitive plural ок or вік)
- (archaic) oka: A unit of weight, approximately 1.2 kg.
- (archaic) oka: A measure for alcoholic beverages, approximately 1-1.5 liters.
DeclensionEdit
Further readingEdit
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2003), “о́ко”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 4 (Н – П), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 170
- Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “о́ко”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “око”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2021), “око”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN