Wiktionary

око

See also: Appendix:Variations of "oko"

Bulgarian

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Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia bg

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [oˈkɔ]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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око́ • (okó) n (relational adjective о́чен)

  1. (anatomy) eye

Declension

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Declension of око́
singular plural
indefinite око́
okó 		очи́
očí
definite око́то
okóto 		очи́те
očíte

Carpathian Rusyn

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian о́ко (óko), from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

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око • (oko)

  1. (anatomy) eye

Macedonian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈɔkɔ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Syllabification: о‧ко
  • Hyphenation: око

Noun

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око • (oko) n (plural очи, relational adjective очен, diminutive окце or оче, augmentative очиште)

  1. (anatomy) eye

Declension

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Declension of око
singular plural
indefinite око (oko) очи (oči)
definite unspecified окото (okoto) очите (očite)
definite proximal оково (okovo) очиве (očive)
definite distal оконо (okono) очине (očine)
vocative око (oko) очи (oči)

Derived terms

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References

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  • “око” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Old Church Slavonic

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Alternative forms

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  • Glagolitic: ⱁⰽⱁ (oko)
  • ꙩко (oko) (with monocular o) (with ꙫчи (oči) (dual with binocular o) and ꙭчи (oči) (dual with double monocular o))

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

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око • (oko) n

  1. (anatomy) eye
  2. vision, sight

Declension

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Declension of око (irregular s-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative око
oko 		очи
oči 		очеса
očesa
genitive очесе, ока
očese, oka 		очью, очию
očĭju, očiju 		очесъ
očesŭ
dative очеси, окоу
očesi, oku 		очима
očima 		очесьмъ
očesĭmŭ
accusative око
oko 		очи
oči 		очеса
očesa
instrumental очесьмь, окомь
očesĭmĭ, okomĭ 		очима
očima 		очесꙑ
očesy
locative очесе, оцѣ, очеси
očese, ocě, očesi 		очью, очию
očĭju, očiju 		очесьхъ
očesĭxŭ
vocative око
oko 		очи
oči 		очеса
očesa

The singular takes o-stem or s-stem endings, the dual takes mostly i-stem endings, and the plural takes s-stem endings. Halla-aho considers the dual forms a remnant of an original i-stem which later became an s-stem, but Derksen reconstructs the Proto-Slavic form as an o-stem instead.

See also

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References

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Old East Slavic

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

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око (oko) n

  1. eye

Descendants

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References

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  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “око”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎[3] (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 642

Old Novgorodian

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Etymology 1

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око

First attested in c. 1100‒1120. Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ȍko, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ak-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs (“eye”), from *h₃ekʷ- (“to see; eye”). Cognate with Old East Slavic око (oko), Old Ruthenian о́ко (óko), Old Church Slavonic око / ⱁⰽⱁ (oko), Old Polish oko, Old Czech oko.

Noun

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око • (oko) n (dual оци)[1]

  1. (anatomy) eye
Declension
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Declension of око (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative око
oko 		ока
oka 		ока
oka
genitive ока
oka 		окоу
oku 		окъ
okŭ
dative окоу
oku 		окома
okoma 		окомъ
okomŭ
accusative око
oko 		ока
oka 		ока
oka
instrumental окъмь
okŭmĭ 		окома
okoma 		окꙑ
oky
locative окѣ
okě 		окоу
oku 		окѣхъ
okěxŭ
vocative око
oko 		ока
oka 		ока
oka

Etymology 2

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First attested in c. 1180‒1200. By surface analysis, о (o) +‎ ко (ko). Cognate with Old East Slavic око (oko).

Conjunction

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око • (oko)[2]

  1. that
  2. as
  3. so, so that
Derived terms
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conjunction
phrase

References

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  1. ^ Zaliznyak, Andrey (2004) Древненовгородский диалект [Old Novgorod dialect]‎[1] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 769
  2. ^ Zaliznyak, Andrey (2004) Древненовгородский диалект [Old Novgorod dialect]‎[2] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 770

Further reading

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Old Ruthenian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

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око • (oko) n inan (genitive plural о́чи)

  1. eye
  2. sight, look

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1930), “воко; око”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, number 1 (А – Г), Kharkiv, Kyiv: State Publishing House of Ukraine, page 294
  • Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “*око¹”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 78
  • Bulyka, A. M., editor (2002), “око, воко”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 22 (оддыханье – ость), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 136
  • Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1997), “воко; око”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 4 (весь – вправѣ), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 197
  • Tymchenko, E. K. (2003) “око”, in Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (О – Я), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN, page 32

Pannonian Rusyn

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Slovak oko, from Proto-Slavic *oko. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko) and Slovak oko.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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око (oko) n (diminutive очичко, augmentative очиско, related adjective оков or очни)

  1. eye
    маче око ― mače oko ― cat's eye
    оч до оч ― oč do oč ― eye-to-eye

Usage notes

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  • The genitive plural form оч (oč) is only used in certain fixed phrases before or after prepositions.

Declension

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Declension of око
singular plural
nominative око (oko) очи (oči)
genitive ока (oka) очох / оч (očox / oč)
dative оку (oku) очом (očom)
accusative око (oko) очи (oči)
instrumental оком (okom) очми (očmi)
locative оку (oku) очох (očox)
vocative око (oko) очи (oči)

Derived terms

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adjectives
adverbs
nouns

Further reading

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Russian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old East Slavic око (oko), from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́чи*, genitive plural оче́й*) (* о́чи is actually an old nominative dual form for neuter nouns.)

  1. (dated or poetic or literary) eye (used in proverbs and expressions)
    Synonym: (a more common term) глаз m (glaz)
    о́чи чёрные ― óči čórnyje ― dark eyes
    Ви́дит о́ко, да зу́б неймёт. ― Vídit óko, da zúb nejmjót. ― The eye sees (it) but the tooth cannot take it.

Declension

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Declension of о́ко (inan neut-form velar-stem accent-e irreg) 
singular plural
nominative о́ко
óko 		о́чи△*
óči△*
genitive о́ка
óka 		оче́й△*
očéj△*
dative о́ку
óku 		оча́м△*
očám△*
accusative о́ко
óko 		о́чи△*
óči△*
instrumental о́ком
ókom 		оча́ми△*
očámi△*
prepositional о́ке
óke 		оча́х△*
očáx△*

△ Irregular.
* о́чи is actually an old nominative dual form for neuter nouns.

Pre-reform declension of о́ко (inan neut-form velar-stem accent-e irreg) 
singular plural
nominative о́ко
óko 		о́чи△
óči△
genitive о́ка
óka 		оче́й△
očéj△
dative о́ку
óku 		оча́мъ△
očám△
accusative о́ко
óko 		о́чи△
óči△
instrumental о́комъ
ókom 		оча́ми△
očámi△
prepositional о́кѣ
ókě 		оча́хъ△
očáx△

△ Irregular.

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “око”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “око”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 594

Further reading

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  • око in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

Serbo-Croatian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ôko/
  • Hyphenation: о‧ко

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

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о̏ко n (Latin spelling ȍko)

  1. (anatomy) eye
Declension
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Declension of око
singular plural
nominative о̏ко о̏чи
genitive о̏ка о̀чијӯ
dative оку очима
accusative око очи
vocative око очи
locative оку очима
instrumental оком очима

Further reading

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  • “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
  • “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
  • “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Etymology 2

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Preposition

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о̏ко (Latin spelling ȍko) (+ genitive case)

  1. around, about, approximately
    Заплијењено је око 45 кг. ― Approximately 45 kg was seized.

Further reading

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  • “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
  • “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Ukrainian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian о́ко (óko), from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

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о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́чі, genitive plural оче́й, relational adjective о́чний)

  1. eye
Usage notes
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The genitive singular, о́ка (óka), is used after the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

Declension
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Declension of о́ко
(inan velar neut-form accent-e irreg-plstem)
singular plural
nominative о́ко
óko 		о́чі
óči
genitive о́ка
óka 		оче́й
očéj
dative о́ку
óku 		оча́м
očám
accusative о́ко
óko 		о́чі, ві́чі
óči, víči
instrumental о́ком
ókom 		очи́ма
očýma
locative о́ку, о́ці
óku, óci 		оча́х
očáx
vocative о́ко
óko 		о́чі
óči

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish اوقه.

Noun

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о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́ка, genitive plural ок or вік)

  1. (archaic) oka: A unit of weight, approximately 1.2 kg.
  2. (archaic) oka: A measure for alcoholic beverages, approximately 1-1.5 liters.
Declension
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Declension of о́ко
(inan velar neut-form accent-a)
singular plural
nominative о́ко
óko 		о́ка
óka
genitive о́ка
óka 		ок, вік
ok, vik
dative о́кові, о́ку
ókovi, óku 		о́кам
ókam
accusative о́ко
óko 		о́ка
óka
instrumental о́ком
ókom 		о́ками
ókamy
locative о́ку
óku 		о́ках
ókax
vocative о́ко
óko 		о́ка
óka

Further reading

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