oko

See also: Appendix:Variations of "oko"

Barasana

Noun

oko

1. water
2. rain

Derived terms

• oko sohe
• oko uhu
• kuma oko

References

• 1982, Hugh-Jones, Barasana Cosmology, in Ethnoastronomy and archaeoastronomy in the American tropics: oko sohe "the east (literally: the water door)", kuma oko "summer rain (by extension, any heavy rain)", oko uhu "master of water: the egret"

Carapana

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Ronald G. Metzger, The Morpheme KA- of Carapana (Tucanoan)

Cubeo

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Catching Language: The Standing Challenge of Grammar Writing (2006, →ISBN, citing Morse and Maxwell (1999)

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech oko, from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈoko]

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: oko

Noun

oko n

1. (anatomy) eye

   Otevřela oči. ― She opened her eyes.

   zmizet z očí ― to disappear from sight

2. (card games) twenty-one, pontoon
3. tarn
4. eye (center of a storm)

Usage notes

• The plural of definition 1 takes the dual form, which changes the gender from neuter to feminine (seen in agreement, for example "modré oči" – "blue eyes").

Declension

Declension of oko

	singular	plural	dual
nominative	oko	oka	oči
genitive	oka	ok	očí
dative	oku	okám, okům	očím
accusative	oko	oka	oči
vocative	oko	oka	oči
locative	oku	okách	očích
instrumental	okem	oky	očima

Derived terms

• babočka paví oko
• házet po někom očima
• mít oči jako dvě studánky
• mít oči pro někoho
• očař
• očitý svědek
• očividný
• očnice
• oční
• okamžik
• okatý
• oko za oko, zub za zub
• padnout do oka

 

Further reading

• oko in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• oko in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• oko in Internetová jazyková příručka

Edo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [òkò]

Noun

oko

1. something parceled for certain purposes like gift giving, etc.; parcel

Esperanto

Etymology

ok (“8”) +‎ -o (“noun”)

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈoko]
• Rhymes: -oko
• Hyphenation: o‧ko

Noun

oko (accusative singular okon, plural okoj, accusative plural okojn)

1. a number or numeral 8
2. eightsome, a set of eight of something

   la kera oko

   the eight of hearts

Derived terms

• bitoko (“byte”)

See also

Playing cards in Esperanto · ludkartoj (layout · text)
aso	duo	trio	kvaro	kvino	seso	sepo
oko	naŭo	deko	fanto, bubo	damo	reĝo	ĵokero

Galibi Carib

Galibi Carib cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : oko

Numeral

oko

1. two

References

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[2], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 107.

Guaraní

Noun

oko

1. home

Japanese

Romanization

oko

1. Rōmaji transcription of おこ

Koreguaje

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968), page 181

Mayo

Noun

oko

1. pine

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

oko

1. (obsolete) past plural of aka

Old Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Noun

oko n

1. eye

Declension

Declension (pattern oko)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	oko	oči	oka
genitive	oka	očú (očou, očí), otčí	ok
dative	oku	očima, očím	okóm (okuom, okům)
accusative	oko	oči, otči	oka
vocative	oko	oči	oka
locative	ocě (oce), oku	očú (očou, očí), očích	ociech (océch), ocích
instrumental	okem	očima, očimi, očma	oky

Descendants

• Czech: oko

Further reading

• “oko”, in Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny [online], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, 2006–2023

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Noun

oko n

1. eye

Declension

Declension of oko

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	oko	oczy	oka
genitive	oka	oczú	ók
dative	oku	oczyma	okóm
accusative	oko	oczy	oka
instrumental	okem	oczyma	oky
locative	oce	oczú	ocech
vocative	oko	oczy	oka

Descendants

• Polish: oko

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “oko”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.kɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔkɔ
• Syllabification: o‧ko

Noun

oko n (diminutive oczko, augmentative oczysko)

1. (anatomy) eye

Declension

Declension of oko

	singular	plural
nominative	oko	oczy
genitive	oka	oczu/ócz/oczów
dative	oku	oczom
accusative	oko	oczy
instrumental	okiem	oczami/oczyma
locative	oku	oczach
vocative	oko	oczy

Note: ócz and oczów are rare

Derived terms

adjectives

• bezoki
• błękitnooki
• brązowooki
• bystrooki
• ciemnooki
• czarnooki
• jasnooki
• jednooki
• kosooki
• modrooki
• niebieskooki
• olbrzymiooki
• orlooki
• pawiooki
• pięknooki
• piwnooki
• ponurooki
• siwooki
• skośnooki
• słodkooki
• sowiooki
• srebrnooki
• szarooki
• wielkooki
• wielooki
• zaoczny
• zielonooki
• złotooki
• żółtooki

 

nouns

• argusowe oko
• złotook

 

proverb

• źdźbło w oku bliźniego widzisz, a belki w swoim nie dostrzegasz

 

verbs

• przewracać oczami
• przewrócić oczami
• spać z jednym okiem otwartym impf

 

Noun

oko n

1. a drop of fat or oil floating on the surface of a liquid
2. (meteorology) the eye of a cyclone
3. (dialectal) tarn

Declension

Declension of oko

	singular	plural
nominative	oko	oka
genitive	oka	ok
dative	oku	okom
accusative	oko	oka
instrumental	okiem	okami
locative	oku	okach
vocative	oko	oka

Further reading

• oko in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• oko in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Secoya

Alternative forms

• oco

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Linguistic series of the Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma, issues 5-7 (1961)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ôko/
• Hyphenation: o‧ko

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Noun

ȍko n (Cyrillic spelling о̏ко)

1. (anatomy) eye

Declension

Declension of oko

	singular	plural
nominative	ȍko	ȍči
genitive	ȍka	òčijū
dative	oku	očima
accusative	oko	oči
vocative	oko	oči
locative	oku	očima
instrumental	okom	očima

Etymology 2

Preposition

ȍko (Cyrillic spelling о̏ко) (+ genitive case)

1. around, about, roughly, approximately

   Zaplijenjeno je oko 45 kg. ― Approximately 45 kg was seized.

Noun

oko

1. vocative singular of oka

Siona

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968), page 181

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔkɔ/

Noun

oko n (genitive singular oka, nominative plural oči, oká, genitive plural očí/očú, ôk, declension pattern of mesto)

1. eye
2. sprout on a potato

Declension

#1	#2
Declension of oko singular plural nominative oko oči genitive oka očí, očú dative oku očiam accusative oko oči locative oku očiach instrumental okom očami	Declension of oko singular plural nominative oko oká genitive oka ôk dative oku okám accusative oko oká locative oku okách instrumental okom okami

Derived terms

• očný
• očisko

References

• oko in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔkóː/

Noun

okọ̑ n

1. eye
2. sprout
3. (dysphemistic, figuratively) watching person
4. (cooking) hole in cheese
5. (engineering) a hole for securing the material during lifting

Inflection

• All senses except first

First neuter declension (hard o-stem), mobile accent, -s- infix, showing signs of first Slavic palatalization
nom. sing.	okọ̑
gen. sing.	očẹ̑sa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	očẹ̑sa
genitive rodȋlnik	očẹ̑sa	očẹ̑s	očẹ̑s
dative dajȃlnik	očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si	očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama	očẹ̑som, očẹ̑sam
accusative tožȋlnik	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	očẹ̑sa
locative mẹ̑stnik	očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si	očẹ̑sih, očẹ̑sah	očẹ̑sih, očẹ̑sah
instrumental orọ̑dnik	očẹ̑som	očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama	očẹ̑si
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	očẹ̑sa

• First sense

First neuter declension (hard o-stem), mobile accent, -s- infix, showing signs of first Slavic palatalization, suppletive in plural, feminine in plural
nom. sing.	okọ̑
gen. sing.	očẹ̑sa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	očȋ
genitive rodȋlnik	očẹ̑sa	očī	očī
dative dajȃlnik	očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si	očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama	očẹ̄m
accusative tožȋlnik	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	očȋ
locative mẹ̑stnik	očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si	očẹ́h	očẹ́h
instrumental orọ̑dnik	očẹ̑som	očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama	očmí
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	očȋ

• The dual is used when referring specifically to both eyes:

  V vojni je izgubil obe očesi. ― He lost both eyes in the war.

• Obsolete or regional

First neuter declension (hard o-stem), mobile accent, -s- infix, showing signs of first Slavic palatalization, loses the infix in plural
nom. sing.	okọ̑
gen. sing.	očẹ̑sa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	ọ̑ke
genitive rodȋlnik	očẹ̑sa	ọ̑k	ọ̑k
dative dajȃlnik	očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si	očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama	ọ̑kom, ọ̑kam
accusative tožȋlnik	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	ọ̑ke
locative mẹ̑stnik	očẹ̑su, očẹ̑si	ọ̑kih, ọ̑kah	ọ̑kih, ọ̑kah
instrumental orọ̑dnik	očẹ̑som	očẹ̑soma, očẹ̑sama	ọ̑ki
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	okọ̑	očẹ̑si	ọ̑ke

Derived terms

• biti pred očmi
• biti črn pod očmi
• biti na očeh
• biti same oči
• biti v oči
• bosti v oči
• cepljenje na speče oko
• cepljenje na živo oko
• daleč od oči, daleč od srca
• dati dobro oko
• delati črno pred očmi
• gledati smrti v oči
• gledati z drugačnimi očmi
• gledati z drugimi očmi
• gledati z duševnimi očmi
• gledati z notranjimi očmi
• imeti kolobarje pod očmi
• imeti na očeh
• imeti oči
• imeti oči na pecljih
• imeti pred očmi
• iz oči v oči
• izginiti izpred oči
• izgubiti iz oči
• izjokati oči
• izkopati oči
• izmikati oči
• izpustiti iz oči
• izpustiti izpred oči
• izspraskati oči
• jajce na oko
• jemati oči
• kamor oči nesejo
• kamor oči sežejo
• kurje oko
• lepo za oko
• lesti na oči
• mačje oko
• magično oko
• mašiti si oči in ušesa pred resnico
• med štirimi očmi
• metati oči
• metati pesek v oči
• mrena komu iz oči pade
• na lepe oči
• na oko
• na štiri oči
• ocvreti na oko
• ocvreti na volovsko oko
• ọ̑ček
• očẹ̑sce
• očẹ̑sən
• oči koga ne ubogajo več
• oči komu lezejo skupaj
• oči so bolj lačne kot želodec
• oči sveta
• očníca
• odpreti oči
• oko cepiča
• oko javnega reda
• oko javnosti
• oko koga vara
• oko postave
• oko za oko
• orkansko oko
• pasti v oči
• pikčasto oko
• pobrati se izpred oči
• pogledati resnici v oči
• poslušati z očmi in ušesi
• predọ̄čati
• predọ̄čiti
• preleteti z očmi
• priklicati na oči
• priti pred oči
• samo oči so lačne
• sestavljeno oko
• soọ̄čiti
• soọ̄čiti
• strah ima velike oči
• tigrovo oko
• udariti v oči
• uiti očem
• umreti na očeh
• v kogaršnjih očeh
• več oči več vidi
• verjeti kogaršnjim očem
• videti na lastne oči
• vleči oči
• vrana vrani oči ne izkljuje
• vsake oči imajo svojega malarja
• z enim očesom
• z odprtimi očmi
• zakrivati oči
• zapirati oči
• zapreti oči
• zatiskati oči
• zatisniti oči
• zatisniti oko

 

Etymology 2

From Serbo-Croatian ȍko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ́ːkɔ/

Noun

ȏko n

1. (only present in phrase od ȏka) eye

Inflection

First neuter declension (hard o-stem), fixed accent
nom. sing.	ȏko
gen. sing.	ȏka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	ȏko	ȏki	ȏke
genitive rodȋlnik	ȏka	ȏk	ȏk
dative dajȃlnik	ȏku, ȏki	ȏkoma, ȏkama	ȏkom, ȏkam
accusative tožȋlnik	ȏko	ȏki	ȏke
locative mẹ̑stnik	ȏku, ȏki	ȏkih, ȏkah	ȏkih, ȏkah
instrumental orọ̑dnik	ȏkom	ȏkoma, ȏkama	ȏki
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	ȏko	ȏki	ȏke

Derived terms

• od oka

 

See also

• uhọ̑

Further reading

• “oko”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “oko”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Tocharian A

Etymology

Related to Tocharian A oko (“id”), but through what manner is uncertain. Probably borrowed from Tocharian B to Tocharian A, in which case ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry, fruit”).

Noun

oko ?

1. fruit

Tocharian B

Etymology

Related to Tocharian A oko (“id”), but through what manner is uncertain. Probably a borrowing from Tocharian B to A. From there, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry, fruit”), making it cognate with Lithuanian úoga, Russian я́года (jágoda), Old English æcern (whence English acorn), etc. Also possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“increase, grow”), in which case cognate with auk- (“to grow”), Lithuanian augti, Latin augeo, etc.

Noun

oko n

1. fruit
2. result, effect, consequence

Derived terms

• okotstse (“fruitful”)

Further reading

• Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “oko”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 115

Tucano

Noun

okó

1. water

References

• Estudios tucanos (1979), issue 3, page 16: [oko] 'agua' /oko/
• HG

Tuyuca

Noun

okó

1. water

References

• Janet Barnes, notes on Tuyuca in Tucano, in The Amazonian Languages (Robert M. W. Dixon)

Warao

Pronoun

oko (singular iné)

1. we, first person plural nominative pronoun

   Sina sisiko oko narutera.

   With whom will we go.

   Osibu oko yabae nobotuma sina ribuae.

   Some grandfathers said "we fished for morokoto".

See also

• (possessive) ka

References

• Focus, chapter 8: Warao and Urarina

Xhosa

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ôːko]

Pronoun

ôko

1. that; class 15 distal demonstrative.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ôːko]

Pronoun

ôko

1. that; class 17 distal demonstrative.

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Cognate with Igala óko, proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ó-ko

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ō.kō/

Noun

oko

1. farm, field

Derived terms

• ajáko (“jackal”)
• ewéko (“plant”)
• ẹranko (“animal”)
• iléko (“farmhouse”)
• olóko (“farm owner”)
• Òrìṣàoko

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ò.kò/

Noun

òkò

1. stone; projectile

   Synonym: òkúta

Etymology 3

From Proto-Yoruboid *ó-kó.

Some theories suggest it ultimately from o- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ kò (“to meet”), literally “That which meets”

• This is said to come from a verb referring to a man's sexual position during sex, compare to the corresponding 'bò' "to cover" referring to that of a woman's. Compare with dó (“to have sex”), akọ (“male”) and ọkọ (“husband”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ō.kó/

Noun

okó

1. (vulgar) penis

   Synonym: kòkòrò

Coordinate terms

• òbò

Derived terms

• ọkùnrin

References

• Adebayo, Taofeeq (2020), “Some Diachronic Changes in Yoruba Grammar”, in Journal of West African Languages