ора
Abkhaz edit
Noun edit
ора • (ora)
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic орати (orati), from Proto-Slavic *orati. See there for further etymology.
Compare Latin arō, Ancient Greek ἀρόω (aróō), Old Norse erja and Welsh aredig.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ора́ • (orá) first-singular present indicative, impf
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of ора́ (conjugation 1.2, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | оря́щ orjášt |
ора́л orál |
оря́л orjál |
ора́н orán |
оре́йки oréjki | |
| definite subject form | оря́щият orjáštijat |
ора́лият orálijat |
— | ора́ният oránijat | |||
| definite object form | оря́щия orjáštija |
ора́лия orálija |
— | ора́ния oránija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | оря́ща orjášta |
ора́ла orála |
оря́ла orjála |
ора́на orána | ||
| definite | оря́щата orjáštata |
ора́лата orálata |
— | ора́ната oránata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | оря́що orjášto |
ора́ло orálo |
оря́ло orjálo |
ора́но oráno |
ора́не oráne | |
| definite | оря́щото orjáštoto |
ора́лото oráloto |
— | ора́ното oránoto |
ора́нето oráneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | оря́щи orjášti |
ора́ли oráli |
оре́ли oréli |
ора́ни oráni |
ора́ния, ора́нета oránija, oráneta | |
| definite | оря́щите orjáštite |
ора́лите orálite |
— | ора́ните oránite |
ора́нията, ора́нетата oránijata, oránetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | ора́ orá |
оре́ш oréš |
оре́ oré |
оре́м orém |
оре́те oréte |
ора́т orát | |
| imperfect | оря́х orjáh |
оре́ше oréše |
оре́ше oréše |
оря́хме orjáhme |
оря́хте orjáhte |
оря́ха orjáha | |
| aorist | ора́х oráh |
ора́ orá |
ора́ orá |
ора́хме oráhme |
ора́хте oráhte |
ора́ха oráha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and оря́л m, оря́ла f, оря́ло n, or оре́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and оря́л m, оря́ла f, оря́ло n, or оре́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and оря́л m, оря́ла f, оря́ло n, or оре́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ора́л m, ора́ла f, ора́ло n, or ора́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| ори́ orí |
оре́те oréte |
||||||
Derived terms edit
- о́ран (óran)
- ора́ч (oráč)
- разора́ pf (razorá), разора́вам impf (razorávam)
- изора́ pf (izorá), изора́вам impf (izorávam)
Related terms edit
- ра́ло (rálo)
References edit
- “ора”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “ора”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “ора”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 910
Macedonian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orati.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ора • (ora) third-singular present, impf (perfective изора)
- (transitive) to plow/plough
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of ора (imperfective, present in -а)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | орал | — | adjectival participle | оран | ||
| feminine | орала | — | adverbial participle | орајќи | ||
| neuter | орало | — | verbal noun | орање | ||
| plural | орале | — | perfect participle | орано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | орам | орав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | ораш | ораше | — | орај | ||
| 3rd singular | ора | ораше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | ораме | оравме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | орате | оравте | — | орајте | ||
| 3rd plural | ораат | ораа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум орал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам орано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев орал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав орано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал орано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе орам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам орано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе орав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав орано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум орал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал орано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би орал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал орано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||
Russian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
о́ра • (óra) m inan