լոկ
Armenian edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [lok]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [loɡ]
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Armenian լոկ (lok).
Adverb edit
լոկ • (lok)
Adjective edit
լոկ • (lok)
Declension edit
nominalized, i-type (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | լոկ (lok) | լոկեր (loker) | ||
| dative | լոկի (loki) | լոկերի (lokeri) | ||
| ablative | լոկից (lokicʻ) | լոկերից (lokericʻ) | ||
| instrumental | լոկով (lokov) | լոկերով (lokerov) | ||
| locative | լոկում (lokum) | լոկերում (lokerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | լոկը/լոկն (lokə/lokn) | լոկերը/լոկերն (lokerə/lokern) | ||
| dative | լոկին (lokin) | լոկերին (lokerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | լոկս (loks) | լոկերս (lokers) | ||
| dative | լոկիս (lokis) | լոկերիս (lokeris) | ||
| ablative | լոկիցս (lokicʻs) | լոկերիցս (lokericʻs) | ||
| instrumental | լոկովս (lokovs) | լոկերովս (lokerovs) | ||
| locative | լոկումս (lokums) | լոկերումս (lokerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | լոկդ (lokd) | լոկերդ (lokerd) | ||
| dative | լոկիդ (lokid) | լոկերիդ (lokerid) | ||
| ablative | լոկիցդ (lokicʻd) | լոկերիցդ (lokericʻd) | ||
| instrumental | լոկովդ (lokovd) | լոկերովդ (lokerovd) | ||
| locative | լոկումդ (lokumd) | լոկերումդ (lokerumd) | ||
Noun edit
լոկ • (lok)
- (dialectal, Van) the innutritious layer of water on the surface of tan
Declension edit
i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | լոկ (lok) | լոկեր (loker) | ||
| dative | լոկի (loki) | լոկերի (lokeri) | ||
| ablative | լոկից (lokicʻ) | լոկերից (lokericʻ) | ||
| instrumental | լոկով (lokov) | լոկերով (lokerov) | ||
| locative | լոկում (lokum) | լոկերում (lokerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | լոկը/լոկն (lokə/lokn) | լոկերը/լոկերն (lokerə/lokern) | ||
| dative | լոկին (lokin) | լոկերին (lokerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | լոկս (loks) | լոկերս (lokers) | ||
| dative | լոկիս (lokis) | լոկերիս (lokeris) | ||
| ablative | լոկիցս (lokicʻs) | լոկերիցս (lokericʻs) | ||
| instrumental | լոկովս (lokovs) | լոկերովս (lokerovs) | ||
| locative | լոկումս (lokums) | լոկերումս (lokerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | լոկդ (lokd) | լոկերդ (lokerd) | ||
| dative | լոկիդ (lokid) | լոկերիդ (lokerid) | ||
| ablative | լոկիցդ (lokicʻd) | լոկերիցդ (lokericʻd) | ||
| instrumental | լոկովդ (lokovd) | լոկերովդ (lokerovd) | ||
| locative | լոկումդ (lokumd) | լոկերումդ (lokerumd) | ||
References edit
- Aġayan, Ēduard (1976) “լոկ”, in Ardi hayereni bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Hayastan
- “լոկ”, in Žamanakakicʻ hayocʻ lezvi bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, 1969–1980
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “լոկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 291
Etymology 2 edit
According to J̌ahukyan, probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)lēg- (“weak, feeble; loose”), whence also լոկ (lok). He compares various animal names derived from that root, such as Ancient Greek λαγώς (lagṓs, “hare”, literally “drooping ears”), Old Norse laki (“burbot”).
Noun edit
լոկ • (lok)
Declension edit
i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | լոկ (lok) | լոկեր (loker) | ||
| dative | լոկի (loki) | լոկերի (lokeri) | ||
| ablative | լոկից (lokicʻ) | լոկերից (lokericʻ) | ||
| instrumental | լոկով (lokov) | լոկերով (lokerov) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | լոկը/լոկն (lokə/lokn) | լոկերը/լոկերն (lokerə/lokern) | ||
| dative | լոկին (lokin) | լոկերին (lokerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | լոկս (loks) | լոկերս (lokers) | ||
| dative | լոկիս (lokis) | լոկերիս (lokeris) | ||
| ablative | լոկիցս (lokicʻs) | լոկերիցս (lokericʻs) | ||
| instrumental | լոկովս (lokovs) | լոկերովս (lokerovs) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | լոկդ (lokd) | լոկերդ (lokerd) | ||
| dative | լոկիդ (lokid) | լոկերիդ (lokerid) | ||
| ablative | լոկիցդ (lokicʻd) | լոկերիցդ (lokericʻd) | ||
| instrumental | լոկովդ (lokovd) | լոկերովդ (lokerovd) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
References edit
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “լոկ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 432a
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1991) “Stugabanutʻyunner [Etymologies]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal][1] (in Armenian), number 2, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 39–40
- Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2002), “լոկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 240b
Old Armenian edit
Alternative forms edit
- լուկ (luk)
Etymology edit
Ačaṙyan leaves the origin of the word open.
According to J̌ahukyan, probably from Proto-Indo-European *logo-, from the root *(s)lēg- (“to let go; weak, feeble; loose; dissolute, lewd”). For this root see Pokorny, who does not mention the Armenian. Cognate with Ancient Greek λήγω (lḗgō, “to stay from, to abate”), λαγάσσαι (lagássai, “to let go”), Latin laxus, langueō, Middle Low German lak (“loose”), etc. Furthermore, J̌ahukyan derives from the same Proto-Indo-European root by varying sense development paths and from various ablaut grades the following: լկնիմ (lknim), լկտի (lkti), dialectal լկռտվել (lkṙtvel), լկստվել (lkstvel), լակ (lak, “spoiled”), լակռթվել (lakṙtʻvel), լոկ (lok, “grass snake”). Finally, he notes that a derivation from some Iranian cognate of Shughni лоқ (lōq, “thin, lean”) is unlikely.
Adjective edit
լոկ • (lok)
- sole, alone, only
- լոկ ի լոկոյ ― lok i lokoy ― only, simply
- բանիւ լոկով ― baniw lokov ― with the word alone
- simple; regular
- լոկ օր ― lok ōr ― work-day
- empty, desert; deprived of
- լոկ մնալ ի մարդկանէ ― lok mnal i mardkanē ― to be, or to remain unpeopled
- լոկ եւ մերկ ի սփոփութենէ ― lok ew merk i spʻopʻutʻenē ― disconsolate, very sad
Declension edit
o-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | լոկ (lok) | լոկք (lokkʻ) | |
| genitive | լոկոյ (lokoy) | լոկոց (lokocʻ) | |
| dative | լոկոյ (lokoy) | լոկոց (lokocʻ) | |
| accusative | լոկ (lok) | լոկս (loks) | |
| ablative | լոկոյ (lokoy) | լոկոց (lokocʻ) | |
| instrumental | լոկով (lokov) | լոկովք (lokovkʻ) | |
| locative | լոկ (lok) | լոկս (loks) | |
| an i-a-type instrumental plural լոկօք (lokōkʻ) = լոկաւք (lokawkʻ) is also attested | |||
Adverb edit
լոկ • (lok)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “լոկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 260b
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “լոկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 891–892
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “լոկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 291–292
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 959, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 959 of 959, 960
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1991) “Stugabanutʻyunner [Etymologies]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal][2] (in Armenian), number 2, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 39–40
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “լոկ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 300a