ablaut
See also: Ablaut
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”).[1] Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ablaut (countable and uncountable, plural ablauts)
- (linguistics) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation; as, get and got; sing and song; hang and hung, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.][2]
SynonymsEdit
- (vowel) gradation, alternation, apophony
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
Related termsEdit
→
TranslationsEdit
substitution of one root vowel for another
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
VerbEdit
ablaut (third-person singular simple present ablauts, present participle ablauting, simple past and past participle ablauted)
- (intransitive, linguistics, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel.
- 1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ..., page 209:
- This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms.
- 1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies, page 241:
- What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut
- 2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing, page 536:
- It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring
- 2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview, page 219:
- This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel.
- (transitive, linguistics) To cause to change a vowel.
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Morris, William, editor (1969) The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, NY: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., published 1971, →ISBN, page 3
- ^ “ablaut” in Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2002, →ISBN, page 5.
AnagramsEdit
FinnishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ablaut
DeclensionEdit
| Inflection of ablaut (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ablaut | ablautit | |
| genitive | ablautin | ablautien | |
| partitive | ablautia | ablauteja | |
| illative | ablautiin | ablauteihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | ablaut | ablautit | |
| accusative | nom. | ablaut | ablautit |
| gen. | ablautin | ||
| genitive | ablautin | ablautien | |
| partitive | ablautia | ablauteja | |
| inessive | ablautissa | ablauteissa | |
| elative | ablautista | ablauteista | |
| illative | ablautiin | ablauteihin | |
| adessive | ablautilla | ablauteilla | |
| ablative | ablautilta | ablauteilta | |
| allative | ablautille | ablauteille | |
| essive | ablautina | ablauteina | |
| translative | ablautiksi | ablauteiksi | |
| instructive | — | ablautein | |
| abessive | ablautitta | ablauteitta | |
| comitative | — | ablauteineen | |
| Possessive forms of ablaut (type risti) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | ablautini | ablautimme |
| 2nd person | ablautisi | ablautinne |
| 3rd person | ablautinsa | |
PortugueseEdit
NounEdit
ablaut m (plural ablauts)
- (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
àblaut m (Cyrillic spelling а̀блаут)
- (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of ablaut