tan
TranslingualEdit
SymbolEdit
tan
Usage notesEdit
The symbol tan is prescribed by the ISO 80000-2:2019 standard. The symbol tg, traditionally preferred in Eastern Europe and Russia, is explicitly deprecated by ISO 80000-2:2019.
Alternative formsEdit
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from French tan (“tanbark”), from Gaulish tanno- (“green oak”) – compare Breton tann (“red oak”), Old Cornish tannen –, from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰonu (“fir”). Per this hypothesis, related to Hittite [script needed] (tanau, “fir”), Latin femur, genitive feminis (“thigh”), German Tann (“woods”), Tanne (“fir”), Albanian thanë (“cranberry bush”), Ancient Greek θάμνος (thámnos, “thicket”), Avestan 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (θanuuarə), Sanskrit धनु (dhánu).
NounEdit
tan (plural tans)
- A yellowish-brown colour.
- tan:
- A darkening of the skin resulting from exposure to sunlight or similar light sources.
- She still has a tan from her vacation in Mexico.
- I'm hoping to get a tan this weekend at the beach.
- The bark of an oak or other tree from which tannic acid is obtained.
- 1848, John Hannett, Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches, page 65:
- In two pints of water boil one ounce of tan, and a like portion of nutgall till reduced to a pint.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
AdjectiveEdit
tan (comparative tanner, superlative tannest)
- Yellowish-brown.
- Mine is the white car parked next to the tan pickup truck.
- Having dark skin as a result of exposure to the sun or an artificial process intended to mimic this effect.
TranslationsEdit
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Etymology 2Edit
As a verb, from Middle English tannen, from late Old English tannian (“to tan a hide”), from Latin tannare.
VerbEdit
tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)
- (transitive, intransitive) To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun.
- No matter how long I stay out in the sun, I never tan, though I do burn.
- (transitive, stative) To change an animal hide into leather by soaking it in tannic acid.[1] To work as a tanner.
- (transitive, informal) To spank or beat.
- 1876, Mark Twain, chapter 3, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer:
- "Well, go 'long and play; but mind you get back some time in a week, or I'll tan you."
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See alsoEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From a Brythonic language; influenced in form by yan (“one”) in the same series.
NumeralEdit
tan
- (dialect, rare) The second cardinal number two, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.[2]
Etymology 4Edit
Borrowed from Armenian թան (tʿan).
NounEdit
tan
TranslationsEdit
Etymology 5Edit
Borrowed from Cantonese 擔/担 (daam3).
NounEdit
tan (usually uncountable, plural tans)
- Synonym of picul, particularly in Cantonese contexts.
Etymology 6Edit
From Middle English *tan, from Old English tān (“twig, shoot, switch”), from Proto-West Germanic *tain, from Proto-Germanic *tainaz (“rod, twig, straw, lot”).
NounEdit
tan (plural tans)
Related termsEdit
Etymology 7Edit
It may either be a figurative use of the usual verb tan (“to cause to acquire a brownish colour”) or a Jamaican Creole pronunciation of turn, compare bun (“to kill particularly by gunshot”).
VerbEdit
tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)
- (transitive, MLE, slang) To kill by gun, to shoot.
- 2019 September 29, Moscow17 (lyrics and music), “All For The Cause”[1]:
- Step on the wing, see an opp and I'll whack it
Do it like Super Savage
Who's the yute I Jet-Li-rise that dots and tan him (whoosh)
Rise that dots and tan him
ReferencesEdit
AnagramsEdit
AinuEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From ta (“this”) + an (“is”), literally “this being”.
PronunciationEdit
DeterminerEdit
tan (Kana spelling タン, plural tanokay)
- (demonstrative) this
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
BretonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tan m (plural tanioù)
InflectionEdit
CatalanEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
tan
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
- tant (“so much, so many”)
Further readingEdit
- “tan” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
ChuukeseEdit
NounEdit
tan
CornishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).
NounEdit
tan m (plural tanow)
MutationEdit
Cornish consonant mutation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | mixed after 'th |
tan | dan | than | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged |
FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Probably from Gaulish *tanno- (“oak”), from Latin tannum (“oak bark”) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?). Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tanno- (“green oak”).
NounEdit
tan m (plural tans)
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “tan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Etymology 2Edit
DeterminerEdit
tan n (singular, plural tes)
Related termsEdit
Possessee | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Possessor | Singular | First person | mon1 | ma | mes | |
Second person | ton1 | ta | tes | |||
Third person | son1 | sa | ses | |||
Plural | First person | notre | nos | |||
Second person | votre2 | vos2 | ||||
Third person | leur | leurs |
- 1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
See alsoEdit
FulaEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- tun (Pular)
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
AdjectiveEdit
tan
Usage notesEdit
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular). (however tun is more common in Pular of Futa Jalon)
AdverbEdit
tan
Usage notesEdit
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular). (however tun is more common in Pular of Futa Jalon)
ReferencesEdit
- M.O. Diodi, Dictionnaire bilingue fulfuldé-français, français-fulfuldé, Niger(?), 1994.
- M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.
- D. Osborn, D. Dwyer, and J. Donohoe, A Fulfulde (Maasina)-English-French Lexicon: A Root-Based Compilation Drawn from Extant Sources Followed by English-Fulfulde and French-Fulfulde Listings, East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993.
- F.W. de St. Croix and the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University, Fulfulde-English Dictionary, Kano: The Centre, 1998.
- F.W. Taylor, Fulani-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1932. (New York:Hippocrene Books, 2005)
GalicianEdit
AdverbEdit
tan
Usage notesEdit
Haitian CreoleEdit
EtymologyEdit
From French temps (“time, weather”).
NounEdit
tan
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Back-formation from tanít, tanul, etc. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tan (plural tanok)
- doctrine, lore
- science of, theory, branch of instruction
- (as a suffix in compounds) -logy, -ology, -graphy (a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject)
- Synonym: tudomány
- (as a prefix in compounds) educational, academic
- Synonym: tanulmányi
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tan | tanok |
accusative | tant | tanokat |
dative | tannak | tanoknak |
instrumental | tannal | tanokkal |
causal-final | tanért | tanokért |
translative | tanná | tanokká |
terminative | tanig | tanokig |
essive-formal | tanként | tanokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tanban | tanokban |
superessive | tanon | tanokon |
adessive | tannál | tanoknál |
illative | tanba | tanokba |
sublative | tanra | tanokra |
allative | tanhoz | tanokhoz |
elative | tanból | tanokból |
delative | tanról | tanokról |
ablative | tantól | tanoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
tané | tanoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
tanéi | tanokéi |
Possessive forms of tan | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tanom | tanaim |
2nd person sing. | tanod | tanaid |
3rd person sing. | tana | tanai |
1st person plural | tanunk | tanaink |
2nd person plural | tanotok | tanaitok |
3rd person plural | tanuk | tanaik |
Derived termsEdit
- alaktan
- állattan
- ásványtan
- barlangtan
- belvíztan
- beszédhangtan
- csonttan
- elektromosságtan
- embertan
- éghajlattan
- élettan
- éremtan
- fejlődéstan
- fénytan
- földtan
- gombatan
- gyógyszerhatástan
- gyógyszertan
- hittan
- hőtan
- idegkórtan
- járványtan
- jelentéstan
- kóroktan
- kórtan
- környezettan
- közgazdaságtan
- kőzettan
- leszármazástan
- légkörtan
- lélektan
- madártan
- méregtan
- mértan
- mozgástan
- módszertan
- névtan
- növénytan
- nyelvjárástan
- nyelvtan
- orvostan
- összhangzattan
- rendszertan
- rovartan
- sejttan
- számtan
- szövettan
- testtan
- vegytan
- víztan
Further readingEdit
- tan in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IbanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Malayic *tahən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
tan
- resistant (not easily damaged)
- perseverant
- undamaged
- invincible
- detained
VerbEdit
tan
Derived termsEdit
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
tan
Entry: tan
JavaneseEdit
Alternative formsEdit
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Carakan | ꦠꦤ꧀ |
Roman | tan |
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Old Javanese tan.
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
tan
- (common expression of negation)
JingphoEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Burmese တန်း (tan:).
NounEdit
tan
ReferencesEdit
MandarinEdit
RomanizationEdit
tan
- Nonstandard spelling of tān.
- Nonstandard spelling of tán.
- Nonstandard spelling of tǎn.
- Nonstandard spelling of tàn.
Usage notesEdit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Irish tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).
NounEdit
tan f
- (point in) time
Derived termsEdit
- in tan (“when”)
- in tan sin (“then”)
DescendantsEdit
- Irish: tan
Further readingEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tan, tain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *tainaz.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tān m
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Old FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Gaulish *tannos (attested in the place names Tannetum and Tannogilum), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tan m (oblique plural tans, nominative singular tans, nominative plural tan)
Old IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tan f
- (point in) time
DeclensionEdit
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | tanL | tainL | tanaH |
Vocative | tanL | tainL | tanaH |
Accusative | tainN | tainL | tanaH |
Genitive | taineH | tanL | tanN |
Dative | tainL | tanaib | tanaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
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Derived termsEdit
- in tan (“when”)
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tan, tain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old OccitanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
AdverbEdit
tan
- such; so much; to such and extent
AdjectiveEdit
tan
- such; so much
ReferencesEdit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “tantus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 13: T–Ti, page 85
Old SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse tǫnn, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tan f
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | tan | tannin | tænder | tændrina(r), -rena(r) |
accusative | tan | tannina, -ena | tænder | tændrina(r), -rena(r) |
dative | tan, tanne | tanninni, -inne | tannum, -om | tannumin, -omen |
genitive | tanna(r) | tanninna(r) | tanna | tannanna |
DescendantsEdit
- Swedish: tand
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Back-formation from taniec.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tan m inan
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
- iść w tany impf
- pójść w tany pf
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
SomaliEdit
DeterminerEdit
tan
- this (feminine)
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
tan
Usage notesEdit
Usually paired with como: tan […] como - "as […] as"
or with que: tan […] que - "so […] that"
DeterminerEdit
tan
- such, such a
- ¡Ese tipo es tan patán!
- That guy is such a jerk!
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “tan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sranan TongoEdit
EtymologyEdit
VerbEdit
tan
SwedishEdit
VerbEdit
tan
TurkishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ottoman Turkish طاڭ (taŋ), from Common Turkic *taŋ.
NounEdit
tan (definite accusative tanı, plural tanlar)
- dawn, twilight
- O gece tan yeri ağırana kadar selâmettir. ― On that night, there is peace till twilight.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | tan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | tanı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | tan | tanlar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | tanı | tanları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | tana | tanlara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | tanda | tanlarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | tandan | tanlardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tanın | tanların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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SynonymsEdit
VietnameseEdit
EtymologyEdit
Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 散 (SV: tán, tản).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
WelshEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanai, dative of *tanā, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
tan (triggers soft mutation on a following noun)
Usage notesEdit
In literary Welsh, tan can mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however, dan (originally the soft mutation of tan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereas tan means "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Modern dan or tan are not usually mutated. o dan is an alternative to dan.
See alsoEdit
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
tan | dan | nhan | than |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
WolofEdit
NounEdit
tan (definite form tan mi)
YámanaEdit
NounEdit
tan
YogadEdit
AdverbEdit
tan
ZayEdit
EtymologyEdit
Cognate to Silt'e [script needed] (tan).
NounEdit
tan
- smoke (from a fire)
ReferencesEdit
- Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind