Wiktionary

tan

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tan"

TranslingualEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

SymbolEdit

tan

  1. (trigonometry) The trigonometric function tangent.

Usage notesEdit

The symbol tan is prescribed by the ISO 80000-2:2019 standard. The symbol tg, traditionally preferred in Eastern Europe and Russia, is explicitly deprecated by ISO 80000-2:2019.

Alternative formsEdit

EnglishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /tæn/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æn

Etymology 1Edit

Borrowed from French tan (“tanbark”), from Gaulish tanno- (“green oak”) – compare Breton tann (“red oak”), Old Cornish tannen –, from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰonu (“fir”). Per this hypothesis, related to Hittite [script needed] (tanau, “fir”), Latin femur, genitive feminis (“thigh”), German Tann (“woods”), Tanne (“fir”), Albanian thanë (“cranberry bush”), Ancient Greek θάμνος (thámnos, “thicket”), Avestan 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆‎ (θanuuarə), Sanskrit धनु (dhánu).

NounEdit

tan (plural tans)

  1. A yellowish-brown colour.
    tan:  
  2. A darkening of the skin resulting from exposure to sunlight or similar light sources.
    She still has a tan from her vacation in Mexico.
    I'm hoping to get a tan this weekend at the beach.
  3. The bark of an oak or other tree from which tannic acid is obtained.
    • 1848, John Hannett, Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches, page 65:
      In two pints of water boil one ounce of tan, and a like portion of nutgall till reduced to a pint.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

AdjectiveEdit

tan (comparative tanner, superlative tannest)

  1. Yellowish-brown.
    Mine is the white car parked next to the tan pickup truck.
  2. Having dark skin as a result of exposure to the sun or an artificial process intended to mimic this effect.
    Synonyms: suntanned, tanned
    You’re looking very tan this week.
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

As a verb, from Middle English tannen, from late Old English tannian (“to tan a hide”), from Latin tannare.

VerbEdit

tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun.
    No matter how long I stay out in the sun, I never tan, though I do burn.
  2. (transitive, stative) To change an animal hide into leather by soaking it in tannic acid.[1] To work as a tanner.
  3. (transitive, informal) To spank or beat.
    • 1876, Mark Twain, chapter 3, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer:
      "Well, go 'long and play; but mind you get back some time in a week, or I'll tan you."
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See alsoEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From a Brythonic language; influenced in form by yan (“one”) in the same series.

NumeralEdit

tan

  1. (dialect, rare) The second cardinal number two, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.[2]

Etymology 4Edit

Borrowed from Armenian թան (tʿan).

NounEdit

tan

  2. An Armenian drink made of yoghurt and water similar to airan and doogh
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 5Edit

Borrowed from Cantonese 擔／担 (daam3).

NounEdit

tan (usually uncountable, plural tans)

  1. Synonym of picul, particularly in Cantonese contexts.

Etymology 6Edit

From Middle English *tan, from Old English tān (“twig, shoot, switch”), from Proto-West Germanic *tain, from Proto-Germanic *tainaz (“rod, twig, straw, lot”).

NounEdit

tan (plural tans)

  2. (dialectal) A twig or small switch.
Related termsEdit

Etymology 7Edit

It may either be a figurative use of the usual verb tan (“to cause to acquire a brownish colour”) or a Jamaican Creole pronunciation of turn, compare bun (“to kill particularly by gunshot”).

VerbEdit

tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)

  1. (transitive, MLE, slang) To kill by gun, to shoot.
    • 2019 September 29, Moscow17 (lyrics and music), “All For The Cause”‎[1]:
      Step on the wing, see an opp and I'll whack it
      Do it like Super Savage
      Who's the yute I Jet-Li-rise that dots and tan him (whoosh)
      Rise that dots and tan him

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ See Wikipedia article on Tanning.
  2. ^ See Wikipedia article on Yan Tan Tethera

AnagramsEdit

AinuEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From ta (“this”) +‎ an (“is”), literally “this being”.

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

tan (Kana spelling タン, plural tanokay)

  1. (demonstrative) this

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Ainu demonstrative adjectives
Ainu demonstrative adjectives[1]
pronoun number
singular plural
this tan, taan tanokay, taokay, taoka (Saru)
that neyan, neya, nea (Saru) neyokay, nerok
that (distal) toan tonokay, tookay, tooka (Saru)
Notes
  1. ^ The noun form is formed by adding pe, for objects (ex.: tanpe, "this thing"), or kuru, for persons (ex.: tan kuru, "this person").

BretonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tan m (plural tanioù)

  1. fire

InflectionEdit

  Mutation of tan  
Breton consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard
singular tan dan zan unchanged
plural tanioù danioù zanioù unchanged

CatalanEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

tan

  1. so, such
  2. (in comparisons, tan ... com) as ... as

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

  • tant (“so much, so many”)

Further readingEdit

ChuukeseEdit

NounEdit

tan

  1. dream

CornishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).

NounEdit

tan m (plural tanow)

  1. fire

MutationEdit

  Mutation of tan  
Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard mixed mixed after 'th
tan dan than unchanged unchanged unchanged

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Probably from Gaulish *tanno- (“oak”), from Latin tannum (“oak bark”) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?). Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tanno- (“green oak”).

NounEdit

tan m (plural tans)

  1. pulped oak bark used in the tanning process (i.e. of tanning leather)
Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Blend of ton +‎ ta.

DeterminerEdit

tan n (singular, plural tes)

  1. (gender-neutral, neologism) your
Related termsEdit
Possessee
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine
Possessor Singular First person mon1 ma mes
Second person ton1 ta tes
Third person son1 sa ses
Plural First person notre nos
Second person votre2 vos2
Third person leur leurs
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
See alsoEdit

FulaEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

AdjectiveEdit

tan

  1. only

Usage notesEdit

AdverbEdit

tan

  1. only

Usage notesEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • M.O. Diodi, Dictionnaire bilingue fulfuldé-français, français-fulfuldé, Niger(?), 1994.
  • M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.
  • D. Osborn, D. Dwyer, and J. Donohoe, A Fulfulde (Maasina)-English-French Lexicon: A Root-Based Compilation Drawn from Extant Sources Followed by English-Fulfulde and French-Fulfulde Listings, East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993.
  • F.W. de St. Croix and the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University, Fulfulde-English Dictionary, Kano: The Centre, 1998.
  • F.W. Taylor, Fulani-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1932. (New York:Hippocrene Books, 2005)

GalicianEdit

AdverbEdit

tan

  1. so, as (in comparisons)

Usage notesEdit

  • Usually paired with como and coma, as tan […] como/coma

Haitian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French temps (“time, weather”).

NounEdit

tan

  1. time
  2. weather

HungarianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Back-formation from tanít, tanul, etc. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tan (plural tanok)

  1. doctrine, lore
  2. science of, theory, branch of instruction
  3. (as a suffix in compounds) -logy, -ology, -graphy (a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject)
    Synonym: tudomány
  4. (as a prefix in compounds) educational, academic
    Synonym: tanulmányi

DeclensionEdit

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative tan tanok
accusative tant tanokat
dative tannak tanoknak
instrumental tannal tanokkal
causal-final tanért tanokért
translative tanná tanokká
terminative tanig tanokig
essive-formal tanként tanokként
essive-modal — —
inessive tanban tanokban
superessive tanon tanokon
adessive tannál tanoknál
illative tanba tanokba
sublative tanra tanokra
allative tanhoz tanokhoz
elative tanból tanokból
delative tanról tanokról
ablative tantól tanoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		tané tanoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		tanéi tanokéi
Possessive forms of tan
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. tanom tanaim
2nd person sing. tanod tanaid
3rd person sing. tana tanai
1st person plural tanunk tanaink
2nd person plural tanotok tanaitok
3rd person plural tanuk tanaik

Derived termsEdit

Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end

Further readingEdit

  • tan in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

IbanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Malayic *tahən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back”).

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

tan

  1. resistant (not easily damaged)
  2. perseverant
  3. undamaged
  4. invincible
  5. detained

VerbEdit

tan

  1. to arrest; to detain
  2. to hold on someone
  3. to stop something/someone

Derived termsEdit

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

tan

  1. Rōmaji transcription of たん

Entry: tan

JavaneseEdit

Alternative formsEdit

Other scripts
Carakan ꦠꦤ꧀
Roman tan

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Old Javanese tan.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /taːn/
  • Hyphenation: tan

ParticleEdit

tan

  1. (common expression of negation)

JingphoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Burmese တန်း (tan:).

NounEdit

tan

  1. class

ReferencesEdit

  • Kurabe, Keita (2016-12-31), “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎[2], volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128

MandarinEdit

RomanizationEdit

tan

  1. Nonstandard spelling of tān.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of tán.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of tǎn.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of tàn.

Usage notesEdit

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle IrishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Irish tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).

NounEdit

tan f

  1. (point in) time

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Irish: tan

Further readingEdit

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *tainaz.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tān m

  1. twig, branch

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tan (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative tān tānas
accusative tān tānas
genitive tānes tāna
dative tāne tānum

Derived termsEdit

Old FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Gaulish *tannos (attested in the place names Tannetum and Tannogilum), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tan m (oblique plural tans, nominative singular tans, nominative plural tan)

  1. pulped oak bark used in the tanning process (i.e. of tanning leather)

Old IrishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tan f

  1. (point in) time

DeclensionEdit

Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative tanL tainL tanaH
Vocative tanL tainL tanaH
Accusative tainN tainL tanaH
Genitive taineH tanL tanN
Dative tainL tanaib tanaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

Old OccitanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tantus.

AdverbEdit

tan

  1. such; so much; to such and extent

AdjectiveEdit

tan

  1. such; so much

ReferencesEdit

Old SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse tǫnn, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tan f

  1. tooth

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tan (consonant stem)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tan tannin tænder tændrina(r), -rena(r)
accusative tan tannina, -ena tænder tændrina(r), -rena(r)
dative tan, tanne tanninni, -inne tannum, -om tannumin, -omen
genitive tanna(r) tanninna(r) tanna tannanna

DescendantsEdit

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Back-formation from taniec.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tan m inan

  1. (archaic, humorous, usually in the plural) dance
    Synonym: taniec

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tan
singular plural
nominative tan tany
genitive tanu tanów
dative tanowi tanom
accusative tan tany
instrumental tanem tanami
locative tanie tanach
vocative tanie tany

Derived termsEdit

verbs

Related termsEdit

adjectives
nouns
verbs

Further readingEdit

  • tan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tan in Polish dictionaries at PWN

SomaliEdit

DeterminerEdit

tan

  1. this (feminine)

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From tanto, from Latin tam.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈtan/ [ˈt̪ãn]
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: tan

AdverbEdit

tan

  1. so, as
    Eres tan rico como te sientes.
    You are as rich as you feel.

Usage notesEdit

Usually paired with como: tan […] como - "as […] as"

or with que: tan […] que - "so […] that"

DeterminerEdit

tan

  1. such, such a
    ¡Ese tipo es tan patán!
    That guy is such a jerk!

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

Sranan TongoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English stand.

VerbEdit

tan

  1. to stay, to reside
  2. to stay, to remain in a state

SwedishEdit

VerbEdit

tan

  1. Obsolete plural form of ta, imperative of ta. 2nd person only

TurkishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ottoman Turkish طاڭ‎ (taŋ), from Common Turkic *taŋ.

NounEdit

tan (definite accusative tanı, plural tanlar)

  1. dawn, twilight
    O gece tan yeri ağırana kadar selâmettir. ― On that night, there is peace till twilight.

DeclensionEdit

Inflection
Nominative tan
Definite accusative tanı
Singular Plural
Nominative tan tanlar
Definite accusative tanı tanları
Dative tana tanlara
Locative tanda tanlarda
Ablative tandan tanlardan
Genitive tanın tanların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular tanım tanlarım
2nd singular tanın tanların
3rd singular tanı tanları
1st plural tanımız tanlarımız
2nd plural tanınız tanlarınız
3rd plural tanları tanları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular tanımı tanlarımı
2nd singular tanını tanlarını
3rd singular tanını tanlarını
1st plural tanımızı tanlarımızı
2nd plural tanınızı tanlarınızı
3rd plural tanlarını tanlarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular tanıma tanlarıma
2nd singular tanına tanlarına
3rd singular tanına tanlarına
1st plural tanımıza tanlarımıza
2nd plural tanınıza tanlarınıza
3rd plural tanlarına tanlarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular tanımda tanlarımda
2nd singular tanında tanlarında
3rd singular tanında tanlarında
1st plural tanımızda tanlarımızda
2nd plural tanınızda tanlarınızda
3rd plural tanlarında tanlarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular tanımdan tanlarımdan
2nd singular tanından tanlarından
3rd singular tanından tanlarından
1st plural tanımızdan tanlarımızdan
2nd plural tanınızdan tanlarınızdan
3rd plural tanlarından tanlarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular tanımın tanlarımın
2nd singular tanının tanlarının
3rd singular tanının tanlarının
1st plural tanımızın tanlarımızın
2nd plural tanınızın tanlarınızın
3rd plural tanlarının tanlarının

SynonymsEdit

VietnameseEdit

EtymologyEdit

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 散 (SV: tán, tản).

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tan • (散, 珊, 潵, 㪚)

  1. to melt
  2. to dissolve, dissipate

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

ReferencesEdit

WelshEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanai, dative of *tanā, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

tan (triggers soft mutation on a following noun)

  1. until
  2. (literary) under
  3. while

Usage notesEdit

In literary Welsh, tan can mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however, dan (originally the soft mutation of tan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereas tan means "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Modern dan or tan are not usually mutated. o dan is an alternative to dan.

See alsoEdit

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tan dan nhan than
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

WolofEdit

NounEdit

tan (definite form tan mi)

  1. vulture

YámanaEdit

NounEdit

tan

  1. earth, soil, dust, ground

YogadEdit

AdverbEdit

tan

  1. more; -er

ZayEdit

EtymologyEdit

Cognate to Silt'e [script needed] (tan).

NounEdit

tan

  1. smoke (from a fire)

ReferencesEdit

  • Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind
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