tan
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
tan
Usage notes edit
The symbol tan is prescribed by the ISO 80000-2:2019 standard. The symbol tg, traditionally preferred in Eastern Europe and Russia, is explicitly deprecated by ISO 80000-2:2019.
Alternative forms edit
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from French tan (“tanbark”), from Gaulish *tannos (“green oak”) – compare Breton tann (“red oak”), Old Cornish tannen –, from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰonu (“fir”). Per this hypothesis, related to Hittite [script needed] (tanau, “fir”), Latin femur, genitive feminis (“thigh”), German Tann (“woods”), Tanne (“fir”), Albanian thanë (“cranberry bush”), Ancient Greek θάμνος (thámnos, “thicket”), Avestan 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (θanuuarə), Sanskrit धनु (dhánu).
Noun edit
tan (plural tans)
- A light, brown-like colour.
- tan:
- A darkening of the skin resulting from exposure to sunlight or similar light sources.
- She still has a tan from her vacation in Mexico.
- I'm hoping to get a tan this weekend at the beach.
- The bark of an oak or other tree from which tannic acid is obtained.
- 1848, John Hannett, Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches, page 65:
- In two pints of water boil one ounce of tan, and a like portion of nutgall till reduced to a pint.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Adjective edit
tan (comparative tanner, superlative tannest)
- Yellowish-brown.
- Mine is the white car parked next to the tan pickup truck.
- Having dark skin as a result of exposure to the sun or an artificial process intended to mimic this effect.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Etymology 2 edit
As a verb, from Middle English tannen, from late Old English tannian (“to tan a hide”), from Latin tannare.
Verb edit
tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)
- (transitive, intransitive) To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun.
- No matter how long I stay out in the sun, I never tan, though I do burn.
- (transitive, stative) To change an animal hide into leather by soaking it in tannic acid.[1] To work as a tanner.
- (transitive, informal) To spank or beat.
- 1876, Mark Twain, chapter 3, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer:
- "Well, go 'long and play; but mind you get back some time in a week, or I'll tan you."
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also edit
Etymology 3 edit
From a Brythonic language; influenced in form by yan (“one”) in the same series.
Numeral edit
tan
- (dialect, rare) The second cardinal number two, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.[2]
Etymology 4 edit
Borrowed from Armenian թան (tʿan).
Noun edit
tan
Translations edit
Etymology 5 edit
Borrowed from Cantonese 擔/担 (daam3).
Noun edit
tan (usually uncountable, plural tans)
- Synonym of picul, particularly in Cantonese contexts.
Etymology 6 edit
From Middle English *tan, from Old English tān (“twig, shoot, switch”), from Proto-West Germanic *tain, from Proto-Germanic *tainaz (“rod, twig, straw, lot”).
Noun edit
tan (plural tans)
Related terms edit
Etymology 7 edit
It may either be a figurative use of the usual verb tan (“to cause to acquire a brownish colour”) or a Jamaican Creole pronunciation of turn, compare bun (“to kill particularly by gunshot”).
Verb edit
tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)
- (transitive, MLE, slang) To kill by gun, to shoot.
- 2019 September 29, Moscow17 (lyrics and music), “All For The Cause”[1]:
- Step on the wing, see an opp and I'll whack it
Do it like Super Savage
Who's the yute I Jet-Li-rise that dots and tan him (whoosh)
Rise that dots and tan him
References edit
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Ainu edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From ta (“this”) + an (“is”), literally “this being”.
Pronunciation edit
Determiner edit
tan (Kana spelling タン, plural tanokay)
- (demonstrative) this
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Breton edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan m (plural tanioù)
Inflection edit
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
tan
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- tant (“so much, so many”)
Further reading edit
- “tan” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Chuukese edit
Noun edit
tan
Cornish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).
Noun edit
tan m (plural tanow)
Mutation edit
Cornish consonant mutation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | mixed after 'th |
tan | dan | than | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged |
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin tannum (“oak bark”), from Gaulish *tannos (“oak”), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”).
Noun edit
tan m (plural tans)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “tan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Etymology 2 edit
Determiner edit
tan n (singular, plural tes)
Related terms edit
Possessee | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Possessor | Singular | First person | mon1 | ma | mes | |
Second person | ton1 | ta | tes | |||
Third person | son1 | sa | ses | |||
Plural | First person | notre | nos | |||
Second person | votre2 | vos2 | ||||
Third person | leur | leurs |
- 1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
See also edit
Fula edit
Alternative forms edit
- tun (Pular)
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective edit
tan
Usage notes edit
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular). (however tun is more common in Pular of Futa Jalon)
Adverb edit
tan
Usage notes edit
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular). (however tun is more common in Pular of Futa Jalon)
References edit
- M.O. Diodi, Dictionnaire bilingue fulfuldé-français, français-fulfuldé, Niger(?), 1994.
- M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.
- D. Osborn, D. Dwyer, and J. Donohoe, A Fulfulde (Maasina)-English-French Lexicon: A Root-Based Compilation Drawn from Extant Sources Followed by English-Fulfulde and French-Fulfulde Listings, East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993.
- F.W. de St. Croix and the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University, Fulfulde-English Dictionary, Kano: The Centre, 1998.
- F.W. Taylor, Fulani-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1932. (New York:Hippocrene Books, 2005)
Galician edit
Adverb edit
tan
Usage notes edit
Haitian Creole edit
Etymology edit
From French temps (“time, weather”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Back-formation from tanít, tanul, etc. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan (plural tanok)
- doctrine, lore
- science of, theory, branch of instruction
- (as a suffix in compounds) -logy, -ology, -graphy (a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject)
- Synonym: tudomány
- (as a prefix in compounds) educational, academic
- Synonym: tanulmányi
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tan | tanok |
accusative | tant | tanokat |
dative | tannak | tanoknak |
instrumental | tannal | tanokkal |
causal-final | tanért | tanokért |
translative | tanná | tanokká |
terminative | tanig | tanokig |
essive-formal | tanként | tanokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tanban | tanokban |
superessive | tanon | tanokon |
adessive | tannál | tanoknál |
illative | tanba | tanokba |
sublative | tanra | tanokra |
allative | tanhoz | tanokhoz |
elative | tanból | tanokból |
delative | tanról | tanokról |
ablative | tantól | tanoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
tané | tanoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
tanéi | tanokéi |
Possessive forms of tan | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tanom | tanaim |
2nd person sing. | tanod | tanaid |
3rd person sing. | tana | tanai |
1st person plural | tanunk | tanaink |
2nd person plural | tanotok | tanaitok |
3rd person plural | tanuk | tanaik |
Derived terms edit
- tananyag
- tanbetyár
- tancsapat
- tandíj
- tanerő
- taneszköz → taneszköz-ellátottság
- tanév
- tanfelügyelő → tanfelügyelőség, tanfelügyelet
- tanférfiú
- tanfolyam
- tangazdaság
- tanintézmény
- tankerület
- tanköltemény
- tankönyv
- tanköteles
- tanmenet
- tanmese
- tanműhely
- tanosztály
- tanóra
- tanrend
- tanrepülés
- tanszabadság
- tanszemélyzet
- tanszer
- tanszék
- tantárgy
- tanterem
- tanterv
- tantestület
- tantétel
- tanuszoda
- alaktan
- alkotmánytan
- aránytan
- államtan
- állatorvostan
- állattan
- áramlástan
- ásványtan
- barlangtan
- belvíztan
- beszédhangtan
- bonctan
- bölcsészettan
- címertan
- csonttan
- egészségtan
- elektromosságtan
- ellenponttan
- embertan
- erkölcstan
- erőműtan
- esettan
- éghajlattan
- élettan
- éremtan
- fejlődéstan
- fénytan
- földrengéstan
- földtan
- függvénytan
- gazdaságtan
- géptan
- gombatan
- gyógyszertan, gyógyszerhatástan
- gyógytan
- hangtan
- háromszögtan
- háztartástan
- hittan
- hőtan
- hullámtan
- ideatan
- idegkórtan
- időjárástan
- illemtan
- járványtan
- jelentéstan
- kategóriatan
- kommunikációtan
- kórtan, kóroktan
- költészettan
- környezettan
- közegészségtan
- közgazdaságtan
- közigazgatástan
- kőzettan
- kristálytan
- leszármazástan
- légkörtan
- lélektan
- madártan
- mágnességtan
- mennyiségtan
- méregtan
- mértan
- mondattan
- mozgástan
- módszertan
- művelettan
- neurontan
- neveléstan
- nevezéktan
- névtan
- növénytan
- nyelvjárástan
- nyelvtan
- oklevéltan
- orvostan
- örökléstan
- összhangzattan
- őslénytan
- rendszertan
- régiségtan
- rovartan
- rugalmasságtan
- sejttan
- számtan
- származástan
- széptan
- szintagmatan
- szóalaktan
- szófajtan
- szókincstan
- szónoklattan
- szótan
- szótártan
- szövegtan
- szövettan
- talajtan
- táplálkozástan
- teremtéstan
- tereptan
- természettan
- testtan
- tévtan
- típustan
- tőtan
- tünettan
- üdvtan
- üzemtan
- űrtan
- vallástan
- vegytan
- verstan
- világgazdaságtan
- villamosságtan
- vízműtan
- víztan
- zeneszerzéstan
- zsigertan
Further reading edit
- tan in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Iban edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayic *tahən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
tan
- resistant (not easily damaged)
- perseverant
- undamaged
- invincible
- detained
Verb edit
tan
Derived terms edit
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
tan
Entry: tan
Javanese edit
Romanization edit
tan
- Romanization of ꦠꦤ꧀
Jingpho edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Burmese တန်း (tan:).
Noun edit
tan
References edit
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
tan
- Nonstandard spelling of tān.
- Nonstandard spelling of tán.
- Nonstandard spelling of tǎn.
- Nonstandard spelling of tàn.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).
Noun edit
tan f
- (point in) time
Derived terms edit
- in tan (“when”)
- in tan sin (“then”)
Descendants edit
- Irish: tan
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tan, tain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old English edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *tainaz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tān m
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Old French edit
Etymology edit
From Gaulish *tannos (attested in the place names Tannetum and Tannogilum), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan oblique singular, m (oblique plural tans, nominative singular tans, nominative plural tan)
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan f
- (point in) time
Declension edit
Feminine ā-stem | |||
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Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | tanL | tainL | tanaH |
Vocative | tanL | tainL | tanaH |
Accusative | tainN | tainL | tanaH |
Genitive | taineH | tanL | tanN |
Dative | tainL | tanaib | tanaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
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Derived terms edit
- in tan (“when”)
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tan, tain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Javanese edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
tan
Adjective edit
tan
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- "tan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Old Occitan edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Adverb edit
tan
- such; so much; to such and extent
Adjective edit
tan
- such; so much
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “tantus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 13: T–Ti, page 85
Old Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse tǫnn, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan f
Declension edit
Descendants edit
- Swedish: tand
Pipil edit
Etymology edit
Compare Classical Nahuatl tlantli (“tooth, teeth”).
Noun edit
-tan (plural -tajtan)
Further reading edit
- Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
- Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Back-formation from taniec.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tan m inan
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- iść w tany impf
- pójść w tany pf
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Somali edit
Determiner edit
tan
- this (feminine)
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
tan
Usage notes edit
Usually paired with como: tan […] como (“as […] as”) or with que: tan […] que (“so […] that”).
Determiner edit
tan
- such, such a
- ¡Ese tipo es tan patán!
- That guy is such a jerk!
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “tan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sranan Tongo edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
tan
Swedish edit
Verb edit
tan
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish طاڭ (taŋ), from Common Turkic *taŋ.
Noun edit
tan (definite accusative tanı, plural tanlar)
- dawn, twilight
- O gece tan yeri ağırana kadar selâmettir. ― On that night, there is peace till twilight.
Declension edit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | tan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | tanı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | tan | tanlar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | tanı | tanları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | tana | tanlara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | tanda | tanlarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | tandan | tanlardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tanın | tanların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms edit
Vietnamese edit
Etymology edit
Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 散 (SV: tán, tản).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanai, dative of *tanā, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
tan (triggers soft mutation on a following noun)
Usage notes edit
In literary Welsh, tan can mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however, dan (originally the soft mutation of tan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereas tan means "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Modern dan or tan are not usually mutated. o dan is an alternative to dan.
Inflection edit
See also edit
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
tan | dan | nhan | than |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Wolof edit
Noun edit
tan (definite form tan mi)
Yámana edit
Noun edit
tan
Yogad edit
Adverb edit
tan
Zay edit
Etymology edit
Cognate to Silt'e [script needed] (tan).
Noun edit
tan
- smoke (from a fire)
References edit
- Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind