جلف
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Aramaic גּוּלְפָא (gulp̄ā, “empty jug, stone pitcher”), apparently a metathesis of Akkadian 𒉺𒄖𒇻 (pagalu, pagulu, “a jar used for libation”). The term lout stemming from a drunkard, one who empties a wine jar, and their associated rowdy behavior; alternatively from the related Akkadian 𒉺𒂵𒈝 (pagalum, “to be powerful, to be massive, to be bulky or cumbersome, to be brawny”).
Noun edit
جِلْف • (jilf) m (plural أَجْلَاف (ʔajlāf) or جُلُوف (julūf))
- an empty wine jar, a leer cask
- lout, rude person or object, yokel, churlish bloke, something or someone rough, coarse, or rude in disposition (for example an amount of dry bread)
Declension edit
Declension of noun جِلْف (jilf)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جِلْف jilf |
الْجِلْف al-jilf |
جِلْف jilf |
Nominative | جِلْفٌ jilfun |
الْجِلْفُ al-jilfu |
جِلْفُ jilfu |
Accusative | جِلْفًا jilfan |
الْجِلْفَ al-jilfa |
جِلْفَ jilfa |
Genitive | جِلْفٍ jilfin |
الْجِلْفِ al-jilfi |
جِلْفِ jilfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | جِلْفَيْن jilfayn |
الْجِلْفَيْن al-jilfayn |
جِلْفَيْ jilfay |
Nominative | جِلْفَانِ jilfāni |
الْجِلْفَانِ al-jilfāni |
جِلْفَا jilfā |
Accusative | جِلْفَيْنِ jilfayni |
الْجِلْفَيْنِ al-jilfayni |
جِلْفَيْ jilfay |
Genitive | جِلْفَيْنِ jilfayni |
الْجِلْفَيْنِ al-jilfayni |
جِلْفَيْ jilfay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَجْلَاف; جُلُوف ʔajlāf; julūf |
الْأَجْلَاف; الْجُلُوف al-ʔajlāf; al-julūf |
أَجْلَاف; جُلُوف ʔajlāf; julūf |
Nominative | أَجْلَافٌ; جُلُوفٌ ʔajlāfun; julūfun |
الْأَجْلَافُ; الْجُلُوفُ al-ʔajlāfu; al-julūfu |
أَجْلَافُ; جُلُوفُ ʔajlāfu; julūfu |
Accusative | أَجْلَافًا; جُلُوفًا ʔajlāfan; julūfan |
الْأَجْلَافَ; الْجُلُوفَ al-ʔajlāfa; al-julūfa |
أَجْلَافَ; جُلُوفَ ʔajlāfa; julūfa |
Genitive | أَجْلَافٍ; جُلُوفٍ ʔajlāfin; julūfin |
الْأَجْلَافِ; الْجُلُوفِ al-ʔajlāfi; al-julūfi |
أَجْلَافِ; جُلُوفِ ʔajlāfi; julūfi |
Derived terms edit
- أَجْلَف (ʔajlaf, “coarse”, adjective)
- جَلِفَ (jalifa, “to be coarse, to be rude in disposition”, verb)
- جَلَافَة (jalāfa, “crudeness, rudeness”, noun)
Descendants edit
- Maltese: ġolf
Verb edit
جَلِفَ • (jalifa) I, non-past يَجْلَفُ (yajlafu)
- to be coarse, to be rude in disposition
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
جَلِفَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns جَلَف or جَلَافَة)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
جَلَف or جَلَافَة jalaf or jalāfa | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
jālif | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jaliftu |
jalifta |
جَلِفَ jalifa |
jaliftumā |
jalifā |
jalifnā |
jaliftum |
jalifū | |||
f | jalifti |
jalifat |
jalifatā |
jaliftunna |
jalifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔajlafu |
tajlafu |
yajlafu |
tajlafāni |
yajlafāni |
najlafu |
tajlafūna |
yajlafūna | |||
f | tajlafīna |
tajlafu |
tajlafāni |
tajlafna |
yajlafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔajlafa |
tajlafa |
yajlafa |
tajlafā |
yajlafā |
najlafa |
tajlafū |
yajlafū | |||
f | tajlafī |
tajlafa |
tajlafā |
tajlafna |
yajlafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔajlaf |
tajlaf |
yajlaf |
tajlafā |
yajlafā |
najlaf |
tajlafū |
yajlafū | |||
f | tajlafī |
tajlaf |
tajlafā |
tajlafna |
yajlafna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ijlaf |
ijlafā |
ijlafū |
||||||||
f | ijlafī |
ijlafna |
Etymology 2 edit
Root |
---|
ج ل ف (j-l-f) |
Verb edit
جَلَفَ • (jalafa) I, non-past يَجْلُفُ (yajlufu)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
جَلَفَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun جَلْف)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
جَلْف jalf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
jālif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
majlūf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jalaftu |
jalafta |
جَلَفَ jalafa |
jalaftumā |
jalafā |
jalafnā |
jalaftum |
jalafū | |||
f | jalafti |
jalafat |
jalafatā |
jalaftunna |
jalafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔajlufu |
tajlufu |
yajlufu |
tajlufāni |
yajlufāni |
najlufu |
tajlufūna |
yajlufūna | |||
f | tajlufīna |
tajlufu |
tajlufāni |
tajlufna |
yajlufna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔajlufa |
tajlufa |
yajlufa |
tajlufā |
yajlufā |
najlufa |
tajlufū |
yajlufū | |||
f | tajlufī |
tajlufa |
tajlufā |
tajlufna |
yajlufna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔajluf |
tajluf |
yajluf |
tajlufā |
yajlufā |
najluf |
tajlufū |
yajlufū | |||
f | tajlufī |
tajluf |
tajlufā |
tajlufna |
yajlufna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ujluf |
ujlufā |
ujlufū |
||||||||
f | ujlufī |
ujlufna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | juliftu |
julifta |
جُلِفَ julifa |
juliftumā |
julifā |
julifnā |
juliftum |
julifū | |||
f | julifti |
julifat |
julifatā |
juliftunna |
julifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔujlafu |
tujlafu |
yujlafu |
tujlafāni |
yujlafāni |
nujlafu |
tujlafūna |
yujlafūna | |||
f | tujlafīna |
tujlafu |
tujlafāni |
tujlafna |
yujlafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔujlafa |
tujlafa |
yujlafa |
tujlafā |
yujlafā |
nujlafa |
tujlafū |
yujlafū | |||
f | tujlafī |
tujlafa |
tujlafā |
tujlafna |
yujlafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔujlaf |
tujlaf |
yujlaf |
tujlafā |
yujlafā |
nujlaf |
tujlafū |
yujlafū | |||
f | tujlafī |
tujlaf |
tujlafā |
tujlafna |
yujlafna |
Noun edit
جَلْف • (jalf) m
- verbal noun of جَلَفَ (jalafa) (form I)
Declension edit
Declension of noun جَلْف (jalf)
References edit
- “gwlpˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 169
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “جلف”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[1] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 193