دال

See also: ذال

Arabic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /daːl/

Noun

دَال • (dāl) f (plural دَالَات (dālāt))

1. dalet; dal, name of the eighth letter of the Arabic alphabet (د (d)), representing the sound /d/

Declension

Declension of noun دَال (dāl)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دَال dāl	الدَّال ad-dāl	دَال dāl
nominative	دَالٌ dālun	الدَّالُ ad-dālu	دَالُ dālu
accusative	دَالًا dālan	الدَّالَ ad-dāla	دَالَ dāla
genitive	دَالٍ dālin	الدَّالِ ad-dāli	دَالِ dāli
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دَالَيْن dālayn	الدَّالَيْن ad-dālayn	دَالَيْ dālay
nominative	دَالَانِ dālāni	الدَّالَانِ ad-dālāni	دَالَا dālā
accusative	دَالَيْنِ dālayni	الدَّالَيْنِ ad-dālayni	دَالَيْ dālay
genitive	دَالَيْنِ dālayni	الدَّالَيْنِ ad-dālayni	دَالَيْ dālay
plural	sound feminine plural
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دَالَات dālāt	الدَّالَات ad-dālāt	دَالَات dālāt
nominative	دَالَاتٌ dālātun	الدَّالَاتُ ad-dālātu	دَالَاتُ dālātu
accusative	دَالَاتٍ dālātin	الدَّالَاتِ ad-dālāti	دَالَاتِ dālāti
genitive	دَالَاتٍ dālātin	الدَّالَاتِ ad-dālāti	دَالَاتِ dālāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: dal
• → Classical Persian: دَال (dāl)
  • Iranian Persian: دال (dâl)
  • Tajik: дол (dol)
• → Uzbek: dol

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology 1

Unknown.

Adjective

دال • (dal)

1. naked
   1. not covered by clothing, bare
   2. without any decorations, blunt

Derived terms

• دال ایلمك (dal eylemek, “to bend”)
• دال قلمق (dal qılmaq, “to bend”)
• دالیراق (dalyaraq)

Descendants

• Ottoman Turkish: طال (dal)
  • Turkish: dal

Further reading

• Kanar, Mehmet (2018) “dal”, in Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 183
• Tietze, Andreas (2009) “dal III”, in Tarihi ve Etimolojik Türkiye Türkçesi Lügati [Historical and Etymological Dictionary of Turkish] (in Turkish), volume II, Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, page 289
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010) “dal”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

دال • (dal) (definite accusative دالی (dalı), plural داللر (dallar))

1. Alternative spelling of طال (dal, ṭal, “branch”)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

دال • (dal)

1. second-person imperative of دالمق (dalmaq, “to dive”)

Ottoman Turkish

دال

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish طال (dal), from Proto-Turkic *tāl (“branch”).

Cognates

Cognate with Azerbaijani dal, Kazakh тал (tal), Kyrgyz тал (tal), Tatar тал (tal), Turkmen tal, and Yakut талах (talaq).

Noun

دال • (dal) (definite accusative دالی (dalı), plural داللر (dallar))

1. (botany) any ramification, such as a branch, bough, twig or spray

   Synonyms: بوداق (budak), شاخ (şah), غصن (ğasn)

Derived terms

• دال بوداق صالمق (dal budak salmak, “to shoot out branches”)
• داللانمق (dallanmak, “to become a branch”)
• داللو (dallı, “branched”)
• داللوجه (dallıca, “somewhat branched”)
• یر دالده طورمز (yer dalda durmaz, “fickle, unstable”)

Descendants

• Turkish: dal
• → Armenian: տալ (tal)
• → Ladino: dal

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “دال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 726
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “dal”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1082
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “دال”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 217a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 562
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Ramus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1433
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2007
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 883

Pahari-Potwari

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀮𑀻 (dālī), from Sanskrit दाल (dāla), itself from दलति (dalati, “he splits”); see दॄ (dṝ, “to tear, divide, split”). Cognate with Marathi डाळ (ḍāḷ).

Pronunciation

(phr) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːl/

Noun

دال (dāl) f

1. lentil, dal
2. bean

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [daːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔːl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɒːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔl]

Readings
Classical reading?	dāl
Dari reading?	dāl
Iranian reading?	dâl
Tajik reading?	dol

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian d'lmn (/⁠dālman⁠/, “eagle, lammergeyer”). Cognate with Southern Luri دال (dâl, “eagle”), from the same root.

Noun

Dari	دال
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дол

دال • (dâl)

1. (modern) vulture

   دال معمولی ― dâl-e ma'muli ― Eurasian griffon vulture

2. (loosely) eagle, bird of prey
   • mid-1300s, Khwājū-yi Kirmānī, “Ghazal 231”, in دیوان خواجوی کرمانی‎^[6]:

     چنان مرغ دلم در قیدت افتاد
     که کبکان دری در چنگ دالان

     čunān murġ-i dil-am dar qayd-at uftād
     ki kabkān-i darī dar čang-i dālān

     The bird of my heart has fallen into your clutches
     Like the valley partridges in the eagles' claws.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Urdu دال / Hindi दाल (dāl), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀮𑀻 (dālī), from Sanskrit दाल (dāla), itself from दलति (dalati, “he splits”); see दॄ (dṝ, “to tear, divide, split”). Likely via Mughal Persian.

Noun

Dari	دال
Iranian Persian	عدس
Tajik	наск

دال • (dāl)

1. lentil, dal

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic دال (dāl).

Proper noun

دال • (dâl)

1. name of the letter د

See also

• دال on the Persian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fa
• د (Persian letter)

Urdu

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀮𑀻 (dālī), from Sanskrit दाल (dāla), itself from दलति (dalati, “he splits”); see दॄ (dṝ, “to tear, divide, split”). Cognate with Marathi डाळ (ḍāḷ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːl/

Noun

دال • (dāl) f (Hindi spelling दाल)

1. lentil, dal
2. bean

Ushojo

Noun

دال (dāl)

1. ash