ܚܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܚ ܫ ܫ (ḥ š š)
5 terms

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic حَسّ (ḥass) and Hebrew חוּשׁ (khúsh, “sense”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xaʃʃɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [xɪʃʃɑː]

Noun

ܚܲܫܵܐ • (ḥaššā) m sg (plural ܚܲܫܹ̈ܐ (ḥaššē))

1. passion, pain, suffering

   Synonyms: ܟܹܐܒ݂ܵܐ (kēḇā), ܓ̰ܘܼܢܓ̰ܵܪܵܐ (jūnjārā)

2. sense
3. (Christianity) Passion

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܲܫܵܐ (ḥaššā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܲܫܝܼ (ḥašī)		ܚܲܫܲܢ (ḥaššan)
	construct	ܚܲܫ (ḥaš)	2nd person	ܚܲܫܘܼܟ݂ (ḥašūḵ)	ܚܲܫܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥaššāḵ)	ܚܲܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaššāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܫܵܐ (ḥaššā)	3rd person	ܚܲܫܹܗ (ḥaššēh)	ܚܲܫܵܗ̇ (ḥaššāh)	ܚܲܫܗܘܿܢ (ḥašhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܲܫܝܼ̈ (ḥašī)		ܚܲܫܲܢ̈ (ḥaššan)
	construct	ܚܲܫܲܝ̈ (ḥaššay)	2nd person	ܚܲܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥašūḵ)	ܚܲܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥaššāḵ)	ܚܲܫܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaššāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܫܹ̈ܐ (ḥaššē)	3rd person	ܚܲܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥašūh)	ܚܲܫ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥaššōh)	ܚܲܫܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥašhōn)

Derived terms

• ܚܲܫܵܢܵܐ (ḥaššānā)
• ܬܡܲܪ ܚܲܫܵܐ (tmar ḥaššā)
• ܚܲܫܵܐ ܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ḥaššā nafšānāyā, “emotion”)

Etymology 2

Noun

ܚܵܫܵܐ • (ḥāšā) m

1. Alternative spelling of ܚܵܐܫܵܐ (ḥāšā, “thyme”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܚ-ܫ (ḥ-š) related to suffering, feeling. Compare Arabic حَسّ (ḥass) and Hebrew חוּשׁ (ḥūš).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħaʃʃɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħaʃʃe] (in the plural)

Noun

ܚܫܐ • (ḥaššā) m (plural ܚܫܐ (ḥaššē))

1. feeling, sensation, sense
2. pain, suffering
3. disease, sickness
4. sadness, sorrow, mourning
5. remorse, contrition
6. disturbance, impulse
7. (Christianity) Passion
8. passion, lust, desire, affection
9. ambition, zeal
10. sin, vice
11. (grammar) passive voice

Inflection

    inflection of ܚܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܫ	ܚܫܝܢ
construct	ܚܫ	ܚܫܝ
emphatic	ܚܫܐ	ܚܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܫܝ	ܚܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܫܟ	ܚܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܫܟܝ	ܚܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܫܗ	ܚܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܫܗ	ܚܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܫܢ	ܚܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܫܟܘܢ	ܚܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܫܟܝܢ	ܚܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܫܗܘܢ	ܚܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܫܗܝܢ	ܚܫܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒄩𒋗𒌑 (/⁠ḫašû⁠/).

Alternative forms

• ܚܐܫܐ (ḥāšā)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħɑʃɑ]

Noun

ܚܫܐ • (ḥāšā) m(uncountable)

1. thyme

Inflection

    declension of ܚܫܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܚܫ
construct	ܚܫ
emphatic	ܚܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܫܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܫܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܫܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܫܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܫܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܫܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܫܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܫܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܫܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Arabic: حَاشَا (ḥāšā)
  • → Persian: حاشا
    • → Urdu: حاشا (hāśā)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: حاشا

References

• “ḥš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥš²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 118a
• Levey, Martin (1973) Early Arabic Pharmacology. An Introduction Based on Ancient and Medieval Sources, Leiden: Brill, page 65
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎^[1] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 181
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 104
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 160b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 497a-b