vice
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
PIE word |
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*dwóh₁ |
From Middle English vice, from Old French vice, from Latin vitium (“fault or blemish”). Displaced native Old English unþēaw.
Noun edit
vice (plural vices)
- Bad or immoral behaviour.
- Pride is a vice, not a virtue.
- Smoking was a vice Sally picked up in high school.
- 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria:
- Shepard: I wear a lot of hats, Mr. Vargas. Some days I shut down criminals. Some days I defuse nukes. Some days I like to enjoy private vices. You understand me?
- 2022 October 21, Taylor Swift, Jack Antonoff, “Anti-Hero”, in Midnights[1], performed by Taylor Swift:
- I should not be left to my own devices / they come with prices and vices / I end up in crisis / Tale as old as time
- (law) Any of various crimes related (depending on jurisdiction) to weapons, prostitution, pornography, gambling, alcohol, tobacco, or drugs.
- (law enforcement, slang) Clipping of vice squad.
- A defect in the temper or behaviour of a horse, such as to make the animal dangerous, to injure its health, or to diminish its usefulness.
- 1839, From the case of Scholefield v. Robb Gilligan, Brenda (2002) Practical Horse Law[2], →ISBN: “So a horse with say, navicular disease, making him suitable only for light hacking, would probably be unsound, whereas rearing would be a vice, being a "defect in the temper... making it dangerous". A vice can however render a horse unsound - possibly a crib biter will damage its wind.”
Antonyms edit
- (bad habit): virtue
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
See vise.
Noun edit
vice (plural vices)
- (UK) Alternative spelling of vise (“mechanical screw apparatus used for clamping”)
- A tool for drawing lead into cames, or flat grooved rods, for casements.
- (architecture) A winding or spiral staircase.
- (obsolete) A grip or grasp.
- c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 79, line 22:
- Fang. If I but fiſt him once: if he come but within my Vice.
Translations edit
Verb edit
vice (third-person singular simple present vices, present participle vicing, simple past and past participle viced)
- Alternative spelling of vise (“to hold or squeeze with a vice”)
- c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 281, line 416:
- Camillo. As he had ſeen’t, or beene an Instrument / To vice you to't, that you haue toucht his Queene / Forbiddenly.
- 1849, Thomas De Quincey, “The Vision of Sudden Death”, in Blackwood's Magazine:
- The coachman's hand was viced between his upper and lower thigh.
Etymology 3 edit
From Latin vice (“in place of”), ablative form of vicis. Compare French fois (“time”) and Spanish vez (“time, turn”).
Adjective edit
vice (not comparable)
- in place of; subordinate to; designating a person below another in rank
Derived terms edit
Preposition edit
vice
- (dated) instead of, in place of, versus (sense 2)
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XXI, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC:
- He was gardener and out-door man, vice Upton, resigned.
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XXVIII, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC:
- A very small cab-boy, vice Stoopid retired, swung on behind Foker's vehicle; knock-kneed and in the tightest leather breeches.
Usage notes edit
- While rare in modern standard English, this usage still appears among members of the United States military. This usage is common in informal rail transport contexts in the United Kingdom.
- Statements such as "vice Jones, who had resigned" may be abbreviated "vice Jones, resigned"
Noun edit
vice (plural vices)
- One who acts in place of a superior.
- c. 1850s-1870s, Edward Minister and Son, The Gazette of Fashion and Cutting-Room Companion
- The health of the Vice was proposed in appropriate language; in replying, Mr. Marriott thanked the company […]
- c. 1850s-1870s, Edward Minister and Son, The Gazette of Fashion and Cutting-Room Companion
Further reading edit
Anagrams edit
Esperanto edit
Adverb edit
vice
Related terms edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle French vice, from Old French vice, borrowed from Latin vitium.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vice m (plural vices)
- vice (bad habit)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “vice”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English vice-, French vice-, German vize-, Italian vice-, Russian ви́це- (více-), Spanish vice-.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
vice
Derived terms edit
References edit
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vice m or f by sense (invariable)
Related terms edit
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯i.ke/, [ˈu̯ɪkɛ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈvi.t͡ʃe/, [ˈviːt͡ʃe]
Noun edit
vice
Preposition edit
vice
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
vīce
References edit
- “vice”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “vice”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
- vice in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old French vice, visse, from Latin vitium.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vice (plural vices)
- A fault or imperfection; a negative quality or attribute of something:
- A bad habit or tendency that one has; a negative human behaviour.
- A mistake; a fault due to deficience in knowledge or reasoning.
- (rare) An imperfection or blemish in one's visage or look.
- Vice, iniquity, sinful behaviour; absence of virtue or morality:
- A sickness, disease or malady; a deleterious process effecting something.
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “vīce, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-03-01.
Middle French edit
Etymology edit
From Old French vice, borrowed from Latin vitium.
Noun edit
vice m (plural vices)
- vice (bad habit)
Descendants edit
- French: vice
Portuguese edit
Noun edit
vice m or f by sense (plural vices)
- used as an abbreviation of any word containing the prefix vice-
Slovene edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vīce f pl
Inflection edit
Feminine, a-stem | ||
---|---|---|
nominative | více | |
genitive | víc | |
plural | ||
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
více | |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
— | |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
— | |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
— | |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
vícah | |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
vícami |
Spanish edit
Noun edit
vice m or f by sense (plural vice)
- vice (second in command)
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Adjective edit
vice (not comparable)
Related terms edit
Yola edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English voys, from Anglo-Norman voiz, voys, veys, from Latin vōx.
Noun edit
vice
References edit
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 75