Japanese

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Kanji in this term
はた > はつ
Grade: 1
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun kun'yomi

Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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Two likely derivations:

  • From 二十 (hata, twenty, by way of apophonic form hatsu-) +‎ (-ka, counter for days), or
  • A shift from 二十歳 (hatachi, twenty(years old)) +‎ (-ka, counter for days):
    /ɸatat͡ɕi ka/ → */ɸat̚t͡ɕɨka//ɸat͡ɕuka//hat͡ɕuka/

(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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二十(はつ)() (hatsuka

  1. the twentieth day of the month
  2. twenty days
  3. Short for 二十日鼠 (hatsuka nezumi): a house mouse
Derived terms
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Proverb

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  1. (ほたる)二十(はつ)()(せみ)(みっ)() (hotaru hatsuka ni semi mikka)

See also

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Japanese number-counter combinations for
1(st) 2(nd) 3(rd) 4(th) 5(th) 6(th) 7(th) 8(th) 9(th) 10(th)
How many? (いち)(にち) (ichinichi) (ふつ)() (futsuka) (みっ)() (mikka) (よっ)() (yokka) (いつ)() (itsuka) (むい)() (muika) (なの)() (nanoka)
(なぬ)() (nanuka)
(よう)() (yōka) (ここの)() (kokonoka) (とお)() (tōka)
What day? 一日(ついたち) (tsuitachi)
(いっ)() (ippi)
11(th) 12(th) 13(th) 14(th) 15(th) 16(th) 17(th) 18(th) 19(th) 20(th)
(じゅう)(いち)(にち) (jūichinichi) (じゅう)()(にち) (jūninichi) (じゅう)(さん)(にち) (jūsannichi) (じゅう)(よっ)() (jūyokka) (じゅう)()(にち) (jūgonichi) (じゅう)(ろく)(にち) (jūrokunichi) (じゅう)(しち)(にち) (jūshichinichi) (じゅう)(はち)(にち) (jūhachinichi) (じゅう)()(にち) (jūkunichi) 二十(はつ)() (hatsuka)
24(th) 27(th) 29(th) 30(th) 40(th) 50(th) 100(th) 1,000(th) 10,000(th) ?
()(じゅう)(よっ)() (nijūyokka) ()(じゅう)(しち)(にち) (nijūshichinichi) ()(じゅう)()(にち) (nijūkunichi) (さん)(じゅう)(にち) (sanjūnichi)
()()() (misoka)
()(じゅう)(にち) (shijūnichi)
()()() (yosoka)
()(じゅう)(にち) (gojūnichi)
五十()() (ika)
(ひゃく)(にち) (hyakunichi)
(もも)() (momoka)
(せん)(にち) (sennichi) (いち)(まん)(にち) (ichimannichi) (なん)(にち) (nannichi)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
じゅう
Grade: 1
にち
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From 二十 (nijū, twenty) +‎ (nichi, days).

Noun

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()(じゅう)(にち) (nijūnichi

  1. the twentieth day of the month
  2. twenty days

References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN