See also: [U+3038 HANGZHOU NUMERAL TEN], [U+31BA BOPOMOFO LETTER ZY], and 𬂛 [U+2C09B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2C09B]
U+5341, 十
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5341

[U+5340]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5342]
U+2F17, ⼗
KANGXI RADICAL TEN

[U+2F16]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F18]
U+3229, ㈩
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH TEN

[U+3228]
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
[U+322A]
U+3289, ㊉
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH TEN

[U+3288]
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
[U+328A]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 24, +0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十 (J), four-corner 40000, composition)

  1. Kangxi radical #24, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №54

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 155, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2695
  • Dae Jaweon: page 348, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 58, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5341

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms financial

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
                 

Unlike , which was one horizontal stroke meaning one, was originally simply a vertical stroke. In later forms was added, forming a cross.

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gip.

PronunciationEdit


Note: sī - used for "ten" in 20 to 99.
Note:
  • cha̍p - vernacular;
  • si̍p/se̍p - literary.
Note:
  • zab8 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang, Raoping, Pontianak;
  • zag8 - Chenghai.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
    Harbin /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Tianjin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/
    Jinan /ʂʐ̩⁴²/
    Qingdao /ʃz̩⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩⁴²/
    Xi'an /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xining /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩¹³/
    Ürümqi /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    Wuhan /sz̩²¹³/
    Chengdu /sz̩³¹/
    Guiyang /sz̩²¹/
    Kunming /ʂʐ̩³¹/
    Nanjing /ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/
    Hefei /ʂəʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /səʔ⁵⁴/
    Pingyao /ʂʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /səʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /zəʔ¹/
    Suzhou /zəʔ³/
    Hangzhou /zəʔ²/
    Wenzhou /zai²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /ɕi²²/
    Tunxi /ɕi¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /sɨʔ²/
    Hakka Meixian /səp̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /ʃïp̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐp̚²/
    Nanning /sɐp̚²²/
    Hong Kong /sɐp̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sip̚⁵/
    /t͡sap̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sɛiʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /si⁵⁴/
    /si⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sap̚⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /tap̚³/
    /tɔp̚³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (25)
    Final () (141)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /d͡ʑiɪp̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /d͡ʑip̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /d͡ʑjep̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /d͡ʑip̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʑiəp̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /ʑĭĕp̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʑi̯əp̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shí
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    sap6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shí
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ dzyip ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*t.[ɡ]əp/
    English ten

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11452
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡjub/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. ten
    2. (figurative) topmost; utmost
        ―  shífēn  ―  very
        ―  shíquánshíměi  ―  perfect

    See alsoEdit

    Chinese numbers
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
    Normal
    (小寫小写)
    ,
    十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)
    亿 (Taiwan)
    萬億万亿 (Mainland China)
    Financial
    (大寫大写)

    CompoundsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (じゅう) ()
    • Korean: 십(十) (sip)
    • Vietnamese: thập ()

    Others:

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    じゅう
    Grade: 1
    goon
    Alternative spelling
    (financial)
    Kanji in this term
    じっ
    Grade: 1
    kan’yōon
    Japanese cardinal numbers
     <  9 10 11  > 
        Cardinal :

    /ʑipʉ//ʑiɸu//ʑɨu//ʑuː//ʑiʔ//ʑi~̚/

    From Middle Chinese (MC d͡ʑiɪp̚).

    PronunciationEdit

    NumeralEdit

    (じゅう) (じふ (zifu)?

    1. ten, 10
    Derived termsEdit
    IdiomsEdit
    ProverbsEdit
    Coordinate termsEdit
    Japanese numbers
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    Regular (れい) (rei)
    (ゼロ) (zero)
    (いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (よん) (yon)
    () (shi)
    () (go) (ろく) (roku) (なな) (nana)
    (しち) (shichi)
    (はち) (hachi) (きゅう) (kyū)
    () (ku)
    (じゅう) ()
    Formal (いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (じゅう) ()
    90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
    Regular (きゅう)(じゅう) (kyūjū) (ひゃく) (hyaku)
    (いっ)(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)
    (さん)(びゃく) (sanbyaku) (ろっ)(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) (はっ)(ぴゃく) (happyaku) (せん) (sen)
    (いっ)(せん) (issen)
    (さん)(ぜん) (sanzen) (はっ)(せん) (hassen) (いち)(まん) (ichiman) (いち)(おく) (ichioku)
    Formal (いち)(まん) (ichiman)
    1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
    (いっ)(ちょう) (itchō) (はっ)(ちょう) (hatchō) (じゅっ)(ちょう) (jutchō) (いっ)(けい) (ikkei) (ろっ)(けい) (rokkei) (はっ)(けい) (hakkei) (じゅっ)(けい) (jukkei) (ひゃっ)(けい) (hyakkei)

    NounEdit

    (じゅう) (じふ (zifu)?

    1. a ten-year-old

    AffixEdit

    (じゅう) or (じっ) ( or ji'じふ (zifu)?

    1. ten, 10
    2. tenth
    3. tenfold
    4. all, completely, perfect
    Derived termsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    とお
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    ⟨to2wo⟩ → */təwo//towo//toː/

    From Old Japanese.

    Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *təwo.

    PronunciationEdit

    NumeralEdit

    (とお) (とを (towo)?

    1. ten, 10
    Derived termsEdit
    IdiomsEdit
    ProverbsEdit

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    Shift from above.[2]

    PronunciationEdit

    NumeralEdit

    () (to

    1. ten, 10
    Derived termsEdit

    Etymology 4Edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    ⟨so1 → */sʷo//so/

    From Old Japanese.

    Used in compounds.

    AffixEdit

    () (so

    1. multiplied by ten: tenfold
    Derived termsEdit

    Etymology 5Edit

    Kanji in this term
    しい
    Grade: 1
    irregular

    From Mandarin (shí).[3]

    NumeralEdit

    (シー) (shī

    1. ten, 10
    Derived termsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    3. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    Korean numbers (edit)
    100
     ←  1  ←  9 10 11  →  20  → 
    1
        Native isol.: (yeol)
        Native attr.: (yeol)
        Sino-Korean: (sip)
        Hanja:
        Ordinal: 열째 (yeoljjae)

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese (MC d͡ʑiɪp̚).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 씹〮 (Yale: ssíp)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 열〮 (Yale: yél) 십〮 (Yale: síp)

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    , eumhun (yeol sip)

    1. Hanja form? of (ten).
    2. Hanja form? of (whole; complete; perfect).

    CompoundsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Việt readings: thập ((thực)(nhập)(thiết))[1][2][3]
    : Nôm readings: thập[1][2][4]

    1. chữ Hán form of thập (ten).

    Derived termsEdit

    ReferencesEdit