TranslingualEdit
| Character | 十 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5341 | ||
| Code point | U+5341 | ||
| Unicode block | CJK Unified Ideographs | ||
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| Stroke order | |||
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EtymologyEdit
The idea of the strokes that make up 十 is one of compression into a single unit. Thus, 十 acquires the meaning of ten because it is a major unit used in counting.
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| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
Han characterEdit
十 (radical 24 十+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十 (J), four-corner 40000, composition ⿻一丨)
- KangXi radical 十
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 155, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2695
- Dae Jaweon: page 348, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 58, character 9
- Unihan data for U+5341
See alsoEdit
ChineseEdit
| - | ||
|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. |
十 | |
EtymologyEdit
From Old Chinese *gjub, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gip (compare Classical Tibetan kyip)
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sap6
- Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): sṳ̍p, shi̍p
- Min Nan (POJ): si̍p / cha̍p
- Wu (WT Romanisation): zeq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
- Wade-Giles: shih2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr
- IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
-
(file)
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: sap6
- Yale: sahp
- Cantonese Pinyin: sap9
- IPA (key): /sɐp̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- Romanisations:
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p, shi̍p
- Romanisations:
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- WT Romanisation: zeq (T5)
- IPA (key): /z̻əʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
| Middle Chinese pronunciation (十, reconstructed) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character (十), Pronunciation 1/1 | ||||||
|
Initial: 常 (25) |
Openness: Open |
Fanqie: 是執切 | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
Bernard Karlgren |
Li Rong |
Pan Wuyun |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
Wang Li |
Shao Rongfen |
| /d͡ʑiɪp̚/ | /ʑi̯əp̚/ | /ʑiəp̚/ | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /ʑĭĕp̚/ | /d͡ʑjep̚/ |
| Old Chinese pronunciation (十, reconstructed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character | Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
Middle Chinese | Old Chinese | English | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 十 | shí | ‹ dzyip › | /*t.[ɡ]əp/ | ten | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:
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| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character | No. | Phonetic component |
Rime group |
Rime subdivision |
Corresponding MC rime |
Old Chinese | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 十 | 11452 | 十 | 緝 | 3 | 十 | /*ɡjub/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NumeralEdit
十
SynonymsEdit
See alsoEdit
CompoundsEdit
JapaneseEdit
PronunciationEdit
-
Audio (file)
NumberEdit
| 9 | 10 | 11 |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 十 | ||
Etymology 1Edit
/so1/: [so].
NounEdit
- ten; used in compounds
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
/to2/: [tə] > [to].
NounEdit
- ten
Etymology 3Edit
/to2wo/: [təwo] > [towo] > [too] > [toː].
NounEdit
十 (hiragana とお, romaji tō, historical hiragana とを)
- ten
KanjiEdit
十
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: じゅう (jū) < じふ (jifu), じっ (ji[p/t/k/s]) (before /p, t, k, s/)
- Kan’on: しゅう (shū) < しふ (shifu) (non-Jōyō reading)
- Kan’yōon: じゅっ (ju[p/t/k/s]) (before /p, t, k, s/)
- Kun: とお (tō) < とを (towo), と (to)
- Nanori: い (i), か (ka), ぎ (gi), さ (sa), し (shi), そ (so), そう (sō), ち (chi), とう (tō), ね (ne), ま (ma), る (ru), わ (wa)
CompoundsEdit
- 十雨 (jūu)
- 十戒, 十誡 (jikkai): the Ten Commandments
- 十月 (jūgatsu)
- 十姉妹 (jūshimatsu)
- 十字 (jūji)
- 十手 (jitte): martial arts truncheon
- 十種競技 (jisshu kyōgi): decathlon
- 十進法 (jisshinhō): decimal system
- 十人並 (jūninnami)
- 十全 (jūzen)
- 十哲 (jittetsu)
- 十能 (jūnō): small fire shovel
- 十把一絡 (jippa hitokarage)
- 十部門分類法 (jūbumon bunruihō)
- 十分 (jūbun)
- 十万億土 (jūman'okudo)
- 十目 (jūmoku)
- 十薬 (jūyaku)
- 十露盤 (soroban)
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
十 (sip)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 십 (revised: sip, McCune-Reischauer: ship, Yale: sip)
- Name (hangeul): 열 (revised: yeol, McCune-Reischauer: yŏl, Yale: yel)
CompoundsEdit
- 十字 (십자, sipja) the character "十" or its shape, hence, cross, chi, X, +, etc.
- 十中八九 (십중팔구, sipjung-palgu) eight or nine out of ten.
- 十干 (십간)
- 十二支 (십이지)