摩那婆

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (摩那婆)		摩	那	婆
simp. #(摩那婆)		摩	那	婆

Etymology

From Sanskrit मानव (mānava, “human”). Displaced by native Chinese 人 (rén) in later translations.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mónàpó

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ ㄆㄛˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mónàpó
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ ㄆㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mónàpó
    • Wade–Giles: mo²-na⁴-pʻo²
    • Yale: mwó-nà-pwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: monahpor
    • Palladius: монапо (monapo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵ nä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: ma|maH na|naX|naH ba

Rime
Character	摩	摩	那	那	那	婆
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	戈 (95)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	莫婆切	摸卧切	諾何切	奴可切	奴箇切	薄波切
Baxter	ma	maH	na	naX	naH	ba
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muɑ/	/muɑH/	/nɑ/	/nɑX/	/nɑH/	/buɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/muɑ/	/muɑH/	/nɑ/	/nɑX/	/nɑH/	/buɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/muɑ/	/muɑH/	/nɑ/	/nɑX/	/nɑH/	/buɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwa/	/mwaH/	/na/	/naX/	/naH/	/bwa/
Li Rong	/muɑ/	/muɑH/	/nɑ/	/nɑX/	/nɑH/	/buɑ/
Wang Li	/muɑ/	/muɑH/	/nɑ/	/nɑX/	/nɑH/	/buɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/muɑ/	/muɑH/	/nɑ/	/nɑX/	/nɑH/	/bʱuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mó	mò	nuó	nuǒ	nuò	pó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mo4	mo6	no4	no5	no6	po4

Noun

摩那婆

1. (Buddhism) human.

   Synonyms: 人 (rén), 摩拏婆／摩拿婆, 摩納／摩纳

Further reading

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “摩那婆” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].