莫
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
莫 (radical 140 艸+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿日大 (TAK), four-corner 44430, composition ⿱艹旲)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1035, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31078
- Dae Jaweon: page 1494, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3217, character 15
- Unihan data for U+83AB
ChineseEdit
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 莫 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 蟆 | *mraː |
| 鬕 | *mraːɡs |
| 饃 | *maːl |
| 模 | *maː |
| 摸 | *maː, *maːɡ |
| 嫫 | *maː |
| 謨 | *maː |
| 膜 | *maː, *maːɡ |
| 摹 | *maː |
| 暮 | *maːɡs |
| 慕 | *maːɡs |
| 募 | *maːɡs |
| 墓 | *maːɡs |
| 慔 | *maːɡs |
| 莫 | *maːɡ |
| 寞 | *maːɡ |
| 漠 | *maːɡ |
| 幕 | *maːɡ |
| 鏌 | *maːɡ |
| 瘼 | *maːɡ |
| 鄚 | *maːɡ |
| 瞙 | *maːɡ |
| 嗼 | *maːɡ, *mraːɡ |
| 塻 | *maːɡ |
| 貘 | *mraːɡ |
| 驀 | *mraːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) sinking into the bushes (屮); dusk. Original form of 暮 (OC *maːɡs, “dusk”).
The bottom was later distorted into 大.
Etymology 1Edit
| simp. and trad. |
莫 | |
|---|---|---|
From 無 (OC *ma, “there is no”) + distributive suffix *-k (Schuessler, 2007).
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): mok6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mo̍k
- Min Bei (KCR): mŏ̤
- Min Dong (BUC): mŏ̤h / mŏk
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): moq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ
- Wade-Giles: mo4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh
- IPA (key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: mo2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mo
- IPA (key): /mo²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: mok6
- Yale: mohk
- Cantonese Pinyin: mok9
- Guangdong Romanization: mog6
- IPA (key): /mɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mo̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: mog
- Hagfa Pinyim: mog6
- IPA: /mok̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mŏ̤
- IPA (key): /mɔ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mŏ̤h / mŏk
- IPA (key): /moʔ⁵/, /mouʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- mŏ̤h - vernacular (“don't”);
- mŏk - literary.
Note:
- bo̍k - literary;
- bo̍h - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mog8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mo̍k
- IPA (key): /mok̚⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: moq (T5)
- IPA (key): /mʊʔ¹²/
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 莫 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /mo⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /mɤ⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /mo⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /mə²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /mə⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /mo²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /mo²¹/ | |
| Xining | /mɔ⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /muə¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /mə¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /mɤ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /mo²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /mo³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /mo²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /mo³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /moʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /mɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /maʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /mʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /maʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /moʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /noʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /moʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /mo²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /mɔʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /mo¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /mo²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /mo²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /mɔʔ²/ /mɵʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /mok̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /mok̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mɔk̚²/ |
| Nanning | /mɔk̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /mɔk̚²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /bɔk̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /moʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /mz̩²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /mok̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /vo³³/ 不要 /mo³³/ 姓 |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 莫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 慕各切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/mɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/mɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/mak̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/mɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/mɑk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
mò |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 莫 | 莫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
mò | mò |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mak › | ‹ mak › |
| Old Chinese |
/*mˤak/ | /*mˤak/ |
| English | there is no X such that X | deliberate (v.) (loan) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 莫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9252 |
| Phonetic component |
莫 |
| Rime group |
鐸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
莫 |
| Old Chinese |
/*maːɡ/ |
| Notes | 從日在茻中，暮初文，小徐茻亦聲 |
DefinitionsEdit
莫
- none; nothing; not anything
- (literary or dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Min Dong) do not; don't; must not
- particle indicating a rhetorical question
- A surname.
SynonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 莫
Etymology 2Edit
| simp. and trad. |
莫 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms | 勿 嘜／唛 麥／麦 賣／卖 | |
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
莫 (Min Nan)
SynonymsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
| simp. and trad. |
莫 | |
|---|---|---|
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ
- Wade-Giles: mu4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muh
- IPA (key): /mu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: mou6
- Yale: mouh
- Cantonese Pinyin: mou6
- Guangdong Romanization: mou6
- IPA (key): /mou̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
DefinitionsEdit
莫
CompoundsEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
莫
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: も (mo); まく (maku)
- Kan’on: ぼ (bo); ばく (baku)
- Kun: くれ (kure, 莫れ); ない (nai, 莫い); なかれ (nakare, 莫れ)
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
莫 • (mak, mo) (hangeul 막, 모, revised mak, mo, McCune-Reischauer mak, mo, Yale mak, mo)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.