U+83AB, 莫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83AB

[U+83AA]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+83AC]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿日大 (TAK), four-corner 44430, composition or )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1035, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31078
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1494, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3217, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+83AB

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         

Pictogram (象形) – the sun () sinking into the bushes (); dusk. Original form of (OC *maːɡs, “dusk”).

The bottom was later distorted into .

Etymology 1

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𦶛
𦱤

From (OC *ma, “there is no”) + distributive suffix *-k (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • mŏ̤h - vernacular (“don't”);
  • mŏk - literary.
Note:
  • bo̍k - literary;
  • bo̍h - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /mo⁵¹/
Harbin /mɤ⁵³/
Tianjin /mo⁵³/
Jinan /mə²¹/
Qingdao /mə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /mo²⁴/
Xi'an /mo²¹/
Xining /mɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /muə¹³/
Lanzhou /mə¹³/
Ürümqi /mɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /mo²¹³/
Chengdu /mo³¹/
Guiyang /mo²¹/
Kunming /mo³¹/
Nanjing /moʔ⁵/
Hefei /mɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /maʔ²/
Pingyao /mʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /maʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /moʔ¹/
Suzhou /noʔ³/
Hangzhou /moʔ²/
Wenzhou /mo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /mɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /mo¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /mo²⁴/
Xiangtan /mo²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /mɔʔ²/
/mɵʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /mok̚⁵/
Taoyuan /mok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mɔk̚²/
Nanning /mɔk̚²²/
Hong Kong /mɔk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /bɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /moʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /mz̩²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /mok̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /vo³³/ 不要
/mo³³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter mak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/mɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/mɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mak̚/
Li
Rong
/mɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/mɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mok6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ mak › ‹ mak ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁak/ /*mˁak/
English there is no X such that X deliberate (v.) (loan)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9252
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*maːɡ/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. (literary) none; nothing; not anything
  2. (literary or dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Eastern Min, Xiang) do not; don't; must not
    做聲做声 [dialectal Mandarin]  ―  zuòshēng! [Pinyin]  ―  Keep quiet! (literally, “Don't make a sound!”)
    細膩 [Eastern Min, trad.]
    细腻 [Eastern Min, simp.]
    mŏ̤h-sá̤-nê / [moʔ⁵⁻²¹ (s-)lɛ²¹³⁻⁵³ nˡɛi²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    Don't be too polite. / Make yourself at home.
    [Xiang]  ―  nyi3 mo6 tei3 lo [Wiktionary]  ―  You don't joke.
    發生火災驚慌发生火灾惊慌  ―  fāshēng huǒzāi jīnghuāng  ―  Don't be panicked when conflagration happens
  3. particle indicating a rhetorical question
  4. a surname

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Contraction of 毋愛毋爱 (m̄-ài).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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(Southern Min)

  1. do not; don't; must not
    [Hokkien]  ―  Mài bong góa! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Don't touch me!
  2. to not want

Synonyms

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Etymology 3

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trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. Original form of (, “dusk; late”).
  2. a kind of vegetable

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. late
  2. end
  3. not be
  4. must not

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 없을 (eopseul mak))

  1. hanja form? of (do not, is not, cannot)

(eumhun 저물 (jeomul mo))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: mạc ((mạt)(các)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: mác[1][2][3][4][5][6], mạc[1][2][5][6], mếch[1]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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