何
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
何 (radical 9 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人一弓口 (OMNR), four-corner 21220, composition ⿰亻可)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 98, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 511
- Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 130, character 4
- Unihan data for U+4F55
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
何 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 何
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (可) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
| 柯 | *kaːl |
| 菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
| 牁 | *kaːl |
| 滒 | *kaːl |
| 哥 | *kaːl |
| 歌 | *kaːl |
| 謌 | *kaːl |
| 鴚 | *kaːl |
| 哿 | *kaːlʔ |
| 舸 | *kaːlʔ |
| 笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
| 軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 珂 | *kʰaːl |
| 可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
| 呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
| 訶 | *qʰaːl |
| 抲 | *qʰaːl |
| 荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 河 | *ɡaːl |
| 苛 | *ɡaːl |
| 魺 | *ɡaːl |
| 袔 | *ɡaːls |
| 阿 | *qaːl |
| 妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
| 鈳 | *qaːl |
| 娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 痾 | *qaːl |
| 跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
| 閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Pictogram (象形): a man carrying something.
Pronunciation 1Edit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
- Wade-Giles: ho2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
- IPA (key): /xɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
-
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ho2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xo
- IPA (key): /xo²¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ho4
- Yale: hòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho4
- Guangdong Romanization: ho4
- IPA (key): /hɔː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ò̤
- IPA (key): /o⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- hô/hô͘ - literary;
- ôa - vernacular.
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 何 | 何 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 胡歌切 | 胡可切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦɑ/ | /ɦɑX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦɑ/ | /ɦɑX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣɑ/ | /ɣɑX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦa/ | /ɦaX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣɑ/ | /ɣɑX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣɑ/ | /ɣɑX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣɑ/ | /ɣɑX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hé | hè |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 何 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
hé |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ha › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɡ]ˤaj/ |
| English | what |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
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| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 何 | 何 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 7458 | 7466 |
| Phonetic component |
可 | 可 |
| Rime group |
歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
何 | 荷 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡaːl/ | /*ɡaːlʔ/ |
| Notes | 同荷 | |
DefinitionsEdit
何
- (interrogative pronoun asking for the specification of an identity, quantity, quality, etc. of something) what; which
- (interrogative pronoun asking for reason, manner, etc. of an action) why; how
- † (forming emphatic sentences) so; such; what; how
- A surname.
SynonymsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- (Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Ho
Pronunciation 2Edit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
- Wade-Giles: ho4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
- IPA (key): /xɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ho6
- Yale: hoh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho6
- Guangdong Romanization: ho6
- IPA (key): /hɔː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
DefinitionsEdit
何
- † Original form of 荷 (“to carry”).
Pronunciation 3Edit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜ
- Wade-Giles: ho1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: he
- IPA (key): /xɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ho1
- Yale: hō
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho1
- Guangdong Romanization: ho1
- IPA (key): /hɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
DefinitionsEdit
何
- † Original form of 呵 (“to scold; to criticise; to denounce”).
CompoundsEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
InterjectionEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 何 |
| なに Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |
- What?, Huh?
PronounEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 何 |
| なん Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |
何 (hiragana なに, rōmaji nani) (alternative reading hiragana なん, romaji nan)
- what
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 92)
- 汝何所爲 奈尓世牟止曽
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 92)
- that thing (used in place of words you can't remember at the moment.)
Usage notesEdit
- 何 is usually read as なに, but when followed by の or counters, it is read as なん. When followed by で, both readings are ok.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- 何れ (dore) which one?
- 何の (dono) (of) what?
- 何処 (doko) where?
- 何方 (dochira) which way?
- 如何 (dō) in what manner?
ReferencesEdit
- Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), ISBN 4-7629-3088-1.
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
何 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune-Reischauer ha)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.