葸

葸 U+8478, 葸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8478 ← 葷 [U+8477] CJK Unified Ideographs 葹 → [U+8479]

Translingual

Han character

葸 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿田心 (TWP), four-corner 4433₆, composition ⿱艹思)

1. afraid, bashful

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31463
• Dae Jaweon: page 1508, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3249, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8478

Chinese

trad.		葸
simp. #		葸
alternative forms		𦷚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (囟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
崽	*ʔslɯːʔ, *srɯː, *srɯː
偲	*sn̥ʰɯː, *snɯ
腮	*snɯː
鰓	*snɯː
揌	*snɯː
顋	*snɯː
愢	*snɯː
毢	*snɯː
諰	*srɯː, *snɯʔ
細	*snɯːls
思	*snɯ, *snɯs
緦	*snɯ
罳	*snɯ
禗	*snɯ
楒	*snɯ
葸	*snɯʔ
恖	*snɯ
颸	*sʰrɯ
囟	*snɯns
顖	*sniŋs
毸	*snɯː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *snɯʔ): semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 思 (OC *snɯ, *snɯs).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xǐ (xi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saai²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǐ
    • Wade–Giles: hsi³
    • Yale: syǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shii
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: saai²
    • Yale: sáai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saai²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sai²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːi̯³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: siX

Rime
Character	葸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	胥里切
Baxter	siX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨX/
Li Rong	/siəX/
Wang Li	/sĭəX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*snɯʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葸
Reading #	1/1
No.	13841
Phonetic component	囟
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	枲
Old Chinese	/*snɯʔ/

Definitions

葸

1. (obsolete) a type of reed
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) scared; fearful; timid

   alt. forms: 偲, 𤟧 (sǐ), 諰 / 𫍰 (xǐ), 鰓 / 鳃 (xǐ)

3. (literary, obsolete) expressionless; emotionless

Compounds

• 便辟佞葸
• 恇葸
• 懦葸
• 畏葸 (wèixǐ)
• 畏葸不前 (wèixǐbùqián)
• 畏葸卻步 / 畏葸却步
• 畏葸退縮 / 畏葸退缩
• 葸慎
• 葸懦
• 葸耎
• 葸葸
• 衰葸
• 退葸
• 鬼葸戲 / 鬼葸戏

References

• “葸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “葸”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B03957

Japanese

Kanji

葸

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): さい (sai)、し (shi)
• Kun: よい (yoi)

Korean

葸 (eum 사 (sa))

1. afraid fear