閏
| ||||||||
Translingual
editHan character
edit閏 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一土 (ANMG), four-corner 77104, composition ⿵門王)
Derived characters
editRelated characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1331, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41244
- Dae Jaweon: page 1837, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4285, character 9
- Unihan data for U+958F
Chinese
edit| trad. | 閏 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 闰 | |
| alternative forms | 閠 䦞 𥹿 | |
Glyph origin
editIdeogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 王 (“king”). The original meaning “intercalary” is derived from kings' ancient practice of remaining within the palace gates on a leap day (which was in excess of the lunar calendar's 364 days, whence the meanings “remainder” and “surplus”), not engaging in their usual governing functions.
Etymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jeon6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
- Eastern Min (BUC): nông
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): jūn / lūn
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: rùn
- Wade–Giles: jun4
- Yale: rwùn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruenn
- Palladius: жунь (žunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu̯ən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jeon6
- Yale: yeuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: joen6
- Guangdong Romanization: yên6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɵn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yun2
- Sinological IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yun2
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nông
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡouŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 閏 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐuən⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ʐən⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /yn⁵³/ /ʐuən⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /yẽ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /yə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /yn³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /vẽ⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /uə̃²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʐuŋ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /və̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʐuŋ²¹³/ /vɤŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /yn³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /zuən¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /zuen²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /ʐuə̃²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʐun⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ʐən⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /zuəŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /zuŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ʐũŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵiŋ²³/ /zəŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦyən³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /zz̩ʷen¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /joŋ²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /yʌ̃²²/ |
| Tunxi | /yan¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /yn¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /yn²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /lɨn²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iun⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒuŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jøn²²/ |
| Nanning | /yn²²/ /jɐn²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jøn²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /lun²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /nouŋ²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /nœyŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /zuŋ³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /zun²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: nywinH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*nu[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*njuns/
Definitions
edit閏
Compounds
editJapanese
editKanji
edit閏
Readings
editCompounds
editNoun
editKorean
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 閏 (MC *nywinH).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 閠/ᅀᅲᆫ〯 (zyǔn) (Yale: zyǔn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
- Recorded as Early Modern Korean 윤 (Yale: yun) in Samun Seonghwi (三韻聲彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ju(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [윤(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
edit
- hanja form? of 윤 (“intercalary”)
Compounds
editCompounds
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit閏: Hán Nôm readings: nhuận, nhộn, nhuần, nhún
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 閏
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese literary terms
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading にん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じゅん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うるう
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading うるふ
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 閏
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Early Modern Korean hanja
- Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters