extra
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Abbreviation of extraordinary.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (not generally comparable, comparative more extra, superlative most extra)
- (not comparable) Beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; extraneous; additional; supernumerary.
- I don't mind doing some extra work, as long as I get extra pay.
- (not comparable, dated) Extraordinarily good; superior.
- (comparable, slang) Over the top; going beyond what is normal or appropriate, often in a dramatic manner.
- You unfollowed her for posting cat memes? You're so extra!
- Wow, you're more extra than she is. You're the most extra friend I have.
- 2017, Yael Livnch, "Whole Foods", in "Get The Inside Soup: Staffers Review Local Soup Stops", 3 February 2017, page 23:
- I highly recommend getting some more bread on the side—they offer small loaves and soup crackers for free, but I'm so extra, I bought my own loaf.
- 2017, Claire Craig, "#Instabeauty", Northern Woman, November 2017, page 48:
- Shattered glass, pierced, bejewelled, chromed and glittered - nails are going totally extra on Insta at the minute and we approve.
- 2019, Michelle Spottswood, quoted in Kirby Myers, "Does Christmas in your house start before or after Thanksgiving", Key West Weekly, 21 November 2019, page 7:
- Two months of Christmas trees, Christmas movies and Christmas music brings so much fun to our home, we are so extra with it!
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:extra.
Derived termsEdit
- ab extra
- extra base hit
- extra cover
- extra dictionem
- extra ends
- extra extra extra large
- extra extra extra small
- extra extra large
- extra extra small
- extra inning
- extra innings
- extra large
- extra pair of hands
- extra point
- extra service
- extra small
- extra stitch
- extra time
- extra virgin
- extraness
- go the extra mile
TranslationsEdit
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DeterminerEdit
extra
- Denotes more.
- She wants extra pickles on her burger.
See alsoEdit
AdverbEdit
extra (not comparable)
- (informal) To an extraordinary degree.
- That day he ran to school extra fast.
TranslationsEdit
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NounEdit
extra (plural extras)
- Something additional, such as an item above and beyond the ordinary school curriculum, or added to the usual charge on a bill.
- Synonyms: addition, supplement
- An extra edition of a newspaper, which is printed outside of the normal printing cycle, for example to report an important late-breaking event.
- Extra, extra! Read all about it!
- (cricket) A run scored without the ball having hit the striker's bat - a wide, bye, leg bye or no ball.
- Synonym: sundry
- (acting) A supernumerary or walk-on in a film or play.
- (slang) The state or trait of being over the top, of behaving in an overly dramatic manner.
- Stop! I can't deal with all your extra today!
- Something of an extra quality or grade. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
SynonymsEdit
- (something additional): See also Thesaurus:adjunct
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
AnagramsEdit
CatalanEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (indeclinable)
- of the highest quality
AdjectiveEdit
extra (masculine and feminine plural extres)
- extra (beyond what is due)
NounEdit
extra m or f (plural extres)
Further readingEdit
- “extra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “extra”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “extra” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “extra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Latin extra, influenced by French and Middle French extraordinaire.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
extra
AdjectiveEdit
extra (not comparable)
- extra
- (Limburg) on purpose
InflectionEdit
Inflection of extra | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | extra | |||
inflected | extra | |||
comparative | — | |||
positive | ||||
predicative/adverbial | extra | |||
indefinite | m./f. sing. | extra | ||
n. sing. | extra | |||
plural | extra | |||
definite | extra | |||
partitive | extra's |
DescendantsEdit
- → Indonesian: ekstra
NounEdit
extra m (plural extra's, diminutive extraatje n)
- something extra, something in addition
See alsoEdit
FrenchEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (plural extras)
DescendantsEdit
- → Turkish: ekstra
NounEdit
extra m or f by sense (plural extras)
Further readingEdit
- “extra”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (strong nominative masculine singular extraer, not comparable)
- (colloquial) Alternative form of extra- (“extra, special, additional”)
- Das is’n ganz extra Rezept von meiner Mutter. ― This is a very special recipe of my mother’s.
Usage notesEdit
- In formal standard German, extra- is a prefix attached to the following noun. In colloquial German, however, it is often treated like a real adjective. The substantival (or partitive) form used with indefinite pronouns may also take -s: was Extras (“something additional, something on top”).
AdverbEdit
extra
- specifically (for a given purpose)
- Das Wrack wurde mit extra entworfenen Bergungskränen gehoben. ― The wreck was lifted with specifically designed salvage cranes.
- Synonym: eigens
- (colloquial) on purpose
- Das hab ich doch nich’ extra gemacht! ― I didn't do that on purpose!
- Synonyms: absichtlich, mit Absicht
- (colloquial) aside, apart, separately
- (colloquial) particularly, very
Usage notesEdit
- In the sense of “specifically”, extra has entered the standard language and is now frequently seen in writing. The other senses remain colloquial.
Further readingEdit
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From German extra, from Latin extra.[1]
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (comparative extrább, superlative legextrább)
- extra (beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; extraneous; additional)
- extra kiadások ― extra expenses
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | extra | extrák |
accusative | extrát | extrákat |
dative | extrának | extráknak |
instrumental | extrával | extrákkal |
causal-final | extráért | extrákért |
translative | extrává | extrákká |
terminative | extráig | extrákig |
essive-formal | extraként | extrákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | extrában | extrákban |
superessive | extrán | extrákon |
adessive | extránál | extráknál |
illative | extrába | extrákba |
sublative | extrára | extrákra |
allative | extrához | extrákhoz |
elative | extrából | extrákból |
delative | extráról | extrákról |
ablative | extrától | extráktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
extráé | extráké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
extráéi | extrákéi |
NounEdit
extra (plural extrák)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | extra | extrák |
accusative | extrát | extrákat |
dative | extrának | extráknak |
instrumental | extrával | extrákkal |
causal-final | extráért | extrákért |
translative | extrává | extrákká |
terminative | extráig | extrákig |
essive-formal | extraként | extrákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | extrában | extrákban |
superessive | extrán | extrákon |
adessive | extránál | extráknál |
illative | extrába | extrákba |
sublative | extrára | extrákra |
allative | extrához | extrákhoz |
elative | extrából | extrákból |
delative | extráról | extrákról |
ablative | extrától | extráktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
extráé | extráké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
extráéi | extrákéi |
Possessive forms of extra | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | extrám | extráim |
2nd person sing. | extrád | extráid |
3rd person sing. | extrája | extrái |
1st person plural | extránk | extráink |
2nd person plural | extrátok | extráitok |
3rd person plural | extrájuk | extráik |
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further readingEdit
- extra in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- extra in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)
IdoEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra
ItalianEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (invariable)
NounEdit
extra m (invariable)
- extra (something additional)
PrepositionEdit
extra
ReferencesEdit
- ^ extra in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
LatinEdit
EtymologyEdit
Adverb contracted from the ablative exterā (parte), of exter.
PronunciationEdit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈek.straː/, [ˈɛks̠t̪räː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈek.stra/, [ˈɛkst̪rä]
Audio (Classical) (file)
AdverbEdit
extrā (comparative exterius, no superlative)
- on the outside
- Synonyms: extrīnsecus, forīs
PrepositionEdit
extrā (+ accusative)
Derived termsEdit
- extrā omnēs (“out, all of you; everybody else, out”)
- extrāneus
- extrārius
DescendantsEdit
- Aromanian: strã-
- Emilian: strasoura, strasora (extra + horam)
- Italian: stra-
- Old French: estre
- Old Occitan: estra
- Old Spanish: gestra
- Romanian: stră-
- Sicilian: stra-, nestra (in + extra)
- → English: extra-
- → Friulian: stra-
- → Italian: extra-, estra-
- → Portuguese: extra-
- → Romanian: extra-
- → French: extra-
- → Spanish: extra-
ReferencesEdit
- “extra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “extra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- extra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen extra ripas diffluit
- to go outside the gate: extra portam egredi
- joking apart: extra iocum, remoto ioco (Fam. 7. 11. 3)
- to pass the limit: extra modum prodire
- beyond all measure: extra, praeter modum
- to be free from blame: extra culpam esse
- to be out of range: extra teli iactum, coniectum esse
- the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen extra ripas diffluit
- extra in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “extra”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 232
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “extra”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 330
PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
- Hyphenation: ex‧tra
AdjectiveEdit
extra m or f (plural extras)
NounEdit
extra m (plural extras)
NounEdit
extra m or f by sense (plural extras)
SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
extra (plural extras)
- additional, extra
- superior
- extraordinary
- Synonym: extraordinario
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
extra m or f (plural extras)
- extra (in a film)
Further readingEdit
- “extra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
SwedishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
AdjectiveEdit
extra
Related termsEdit
AdverbEdit
extra