-ई
Hindi edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
All forms are ultimately from Sanskrit -इक (-ika):
- Direct singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इउ (-iu), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕𑁄 (-igo), from Sanskrit -इकः (-ikaḥ)
- Oblique singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इहे (-ihĕ/-ihi, genitive singular), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (-igassa) or -𑀇𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (-iassa), from Sanskrit -इकस्य (-ikasya)
- Vocative singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इअ (-ia), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕 (-iga), from Sanskrit -इक (-ika)
- Direct plural inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इअ (-ia), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕𑀸 (-igā), from Sanskrit -इकाः (-ikāḥ)
See -इयों (-iyõ) and -इयो (-iyo) for the etymologies of those endings specifically. [1]
Suffix edit
-ई • (-ī) m (Urdu spelling ـی)
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
All forms are ultimately from Sanskrit -इका (-ikā). Specifically,
- Direct singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इअ (-ia), from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit -इकाः (-ikāḥ, nominative singular)
- Oblique singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इहे (-ihĕ/-ihi), from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit -इकायाः (-ikāyāḥ, genitive singular)
- Vocative singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इए (-iĕ), from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit -इके (-ike, vocative singular)
See -इयाँ (-iyā̃), -इयों (-iyõ), and -इयो (-iyo) for the etymologies of those endings specifically. [2]
Suffix edit
-ई • (-ī) f (Urdu spelling ـی)
Declension edit
Etymology 3 edit
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀅 (-ia), from Sanskrit -इक (-ika) or Sanskrit -ईय (-īya). Later influenced by Classical Persian ـی (-ī), from Middle Persian -yk' / 𐭩𐭪𐭩 (yky /-īg/, adjectival suffix), a cognate of Sanskrit -इक (-ika) through Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas. Also influenced by Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy, nisba suffix), which in Classical Persian becomes ی (-ī).
Suffix edit
- relating to, forms adjectives from nouns
Etymology 4 edit
Borrowed from the nominative singular form of Sanskrit -इन् (-in, “doer, possessor”).
Suffix edit
-ई • (-ī) m (Urdu spelling ـی)
Etymology 5 edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian ـی (-ī), from Middle Persian 𐭩𐭧 (yḥ /-īh/) (forms nouns from adjectives).[3] Doublet of -गी (-gī).
Suffix edit
-ई • (-ī) f (Urdu spelling ـی)
- forms abstract nouns from adjectives or common nouns
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
Konkani edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ई • (-ī) (Latin script -i, Kannada script -ಈ)
References edit
- Madhavi Sardesai (2006) A Comparative Linguistic and Cultural Study of Lexical Influences on Konkani[1], Goa University (doctoral thesis)