-tama
See also: Appendix:Variations of "tama"
Estonian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *-ttadak. Cognate with Finnish -ttaa.
Suffix edit
-tama (da-infinitive -tada)
- Forms causative verbs. It can be translated as "to cause to" or "to make". This usually transforms an intransitive verb into a transitive one.
- Forms various verbs from nouns
Inflection edit
Conjugation of -tama (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -tan | ei -ta | 1st sing. | olen -tanud | ei ole -tanud pole -tanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -tad | 2nd sing. | oled -tanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -tab | 3rd sing. | on -tanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -tame | 1st plur. | oleme -tanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tate | 2nd plur. | olete -tanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -tavad | 3rd plur. | on -tanud | ||||||
| passive | -tatakse | ei -tata | passive | on -tatud | ei ole -tatud pole -tatud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -tasin | ei -tanud | 1st sing. | olin -tanud | ei olnud -tanud polnud -tanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -tasid | 2nd sing. | olid -tanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -tas | 3rd sing. | oli -tanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -tasime | 1st plur. | olime -tanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tasite | 2nd plur. | olite -tanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -tasid | 3rd plur. | oli -tanud | ||||||
| passive | -tati | ei -tatud | passive | oli -tatud | ei olnud -tatud polnud -tatud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -taksin | ei -taks | 1st sing. | -tanuksin oleksin -tanud |
ei -tanuks ei oleks -tanud poleks -tanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -taksid | 2nd sing. | -tanuksid oleksid -tanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -taks | 3rd sing. | -tanuks oleks -tanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -taksime | 1st plur. | -tanuksime oleksime -tanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -taksite | 2nd plur. | -tanuksite oleksite -tanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -taksid | 3rd plur. | -tanuksid oleksid -tanud | ||||||
| passive | -tataks | ei -tataks | passive | oleks -tatud | ei oleks -tatud poleks -tatud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -ta | ära -ta | 2nd sing. | ole -tanud | ära ole -tanud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | -tagu | ärgu -tagu | 3rd sing. | olgu -tanud | ärgu olgu -tanud | ||||
| 1st plur. | -tagem | ärme -tame ärme -ta ärgem -tagem |
1st plur. | olgem -tanud | ärme oleme -tanud ärme ole -tanud ärgem olgem -tanud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | -tage | ärge -tage | 2nd plur. | olge -tanud | ärge olge -tanud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | -tagu | ärgu -tagu | 3rd plur. | olgu -tanud | ärgu olgu -tanud | ||||
| passive | -tatagu | ärgu -tatagu | passive | olgu -tatud | ärgu olgu -tatud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | -tavat | ei -tavat | active | olevat -tanud | ei olevat -tanud polevat -tanud | ||||
| passive | -tatavat | ei -tatavat | passive | olevat -tatud | ei olevat -tatud polevat -tatud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | -tama | -tatama | nominative | -tada | olla -tanud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | -tades | olles -tanud | |||||
| inessive | -tamas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | -tamast | present | -tav | -tatav | |||||
| translative | -tamaks | past | -tanud | -tatud | |||||
| abessive | -tamata | negative | -tamatu | — | |||||