Wiktionary

pole

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pole"

English edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle English pole, pal, from Old English pāl (“a pole, stake, post; a kind of hoe or spade”), from Proto-West Germanic *pāl (“pole”), from Latin pālus (“stake, pale, prop, stay”), perhaps from Old Latin *paxlos, from Proto-Italic *pākslos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to nail, fasten”). Doublet of peel, pale, and palus.

Cognates
Cognate with Scots pale, paill (“stake, pale”), North Frisian pul, pil (“stake, pale”), Saterland Frisian Pool (“pole”), West Frisian poal (“pole”), Dutch paal (“pole”), German Pfahl (“pile, stake, post, pole”), Danish pæl (“pole”), Swedish påle (“pole”), Icelandic páll (“hoe, spade, pale”), Old English fæc (“space of time, while, division, interval; lustrum”).

Noun edit

pole (plural poles)

  1. Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.
    • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
      For a spell we done pretty well. Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand.
  2. A construction by which an animal is harnessed to a carriage.
    Synonyms: carriage pole, beam, shaft, drawbar
    Meronyms: pole-guard, pole-hook, pole-hound, pole-pad, pole-pin, pole-pin-strap, pole-plate, pole-ring, pole-screen, pole-socket, pole-stop, pole-strap
  3. (fishing) A type of basic fishing rod.
  4. A long sports implement used for pole-vaulting; now made of glassfiber or carbon fiber, formerly also metal, bamboo and wood have been used.
  5. (slang, spotting) A telescope used to identify birds, aeroplanes or wildlife.
  6. (historical) A unit of length, equal to a rod (1⁄4 chain or 5+1⁄2 yards).
  7. (motor racing) Pole position.
  8. (US, African-American Vernacular, slang) A rifle.
  9. (vulgar, slang) A penis.
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
carriage pole — see beam

Verb edit

pole (third-person singular simple present poles, present participle poling, simple past and past participle poled)

  1. To propel by pushing with poles, to push with a pole.
    Huck Finn poled that raft southward down the Mississippi because going northward against the current was too much work.
  2. To identify something quite precisely using a telescope.
    He poled off the serial of the Gulfstream to confirm its identity.
  3. (transitive) To furnish with poles for support.
    to pole beans or hops
  4. (transitive) To convey on poles.
    to pole hay into a barn
  5. (transitive) To stir, as molten glass, with a pole.
  6. (transitive, baseball) To strike (the ball) very hard.
    • 2007, Tony Silvia, Baseball Over the Air:
      Long had poled the ball into the lower deck in right center.
  7. (transitive, metallurgy) To treat (copper) by blowing natural gas or other reducing agent through the molten oxide, burning off the oxygen.
    to pole copper
Translations edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle French pole, pôle, from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “axis of rotation”).

Noun edit

pole (plural poles)

  1. Either of the two points on the earth's surface around which it rotates; also, similar points on any other rotating object.
  2. A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).
  3. (geometry) A fixed point relative to other points or lines.
  5. (electricity) A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.
  6. (complex analysis) For a meromorphic function  , any point   for which   as  .
    The function   has a single pole at  .
  7. (obsolete) The firmament; the sky.
  8. Either of the states that characterize a bipolar disorder.
Antonyms edit
  • (antonym(s) of "complex analysis"): zero
Derived terms edit
Terms derived from pole (Etymology 2)
Translations edit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb edit

pole (third-person singular simple present poles, present participle poling, simple past and past participle poled)

  1. (transitive) To induce piezoelectricity in (a substance) by aligning the dipoles.

Anagrams edit

Aiwoo edit

Verb edit

pole

  1. to work (in a garden or field)

References edit

Alemannic German edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German boln.

Verb edit

pole

  1. (Uri) to make noise, clatter, rumble

References edit

Czech edit

 
Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Czech pole, from Proto-Slavic *poľe.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

pole n

  1. (agriculture) field
  2. (physics) field
  3. (algebra) field
    Synonym: komutativní těleso
  4. (computing) field
  5. (programming) array

Declension edit

Declension of pole (soft neuter)
singular plural
nominative pole pole
genitive pole polí
dative poli polím
accusative pole pole
vocative pole pole
locative poli polích
instrumental polem poli

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • pole in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • pole in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • pole in Internetová jazyková příručka

Esperanto edit

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

pole

  1. in Polish

Estonian edit

Etymology edit

Contraction of ep ole (Modern: ei ole). ep is the old 3rd person singular form of the negative verb.

Verb edit

pole

  1. Alternative form of ei ole

Galician edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Latin pollen.

Noun edit

pole m (plural poles)

  1. pollen
  2. (motor racing) pole position
Synonyms edit

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb edit

pole

  1. third-person singular present indicative of pulir

Latin edit

Noun edit

pole

  1. vocative singular of polus

References edit

  • pole in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “pole”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Masurian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish pole.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈpɔlɛ]
  • Syllabification: po‧le

Noun edit

pole n

  1. field (land for cultivation)
  2. field (plot of separated land)
  3. field (area outside a village)
  4. battlefield

Further reading edit

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “pole”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎[2], volume 6, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 204

Middle English edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old English pāl, from Latin pālus.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

pole (plural poles)

  1. pole, stake, staff

Descendants edit

  • English: pole
  • Scots: pale, pall
  • Yola: pulmere

References edit

Nubi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Swahili pole.

Interjection edit

póle

  1. sorry
    pole ma kasul!
    sorry for washing (the clothes)!

References edit

  • Ineke Wellens (2005) The Nubi Language of Uganda: an Arabic Creole in Africa, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →ISBN, page 193

Old Czech edit

Alternative forms edit

  • poľe (alternative writing)

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pȍľe.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈpolɛ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈpolɛ/

Noun edit

pole n

  1. field (land area; wide open space)
    polem / na poli ― outside
    přěs pole přějěti/jězditi ― to have sex
  2. plain
  3. battlefield, battleground
    polem / v poli ležěti ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Declension edit

Declension of pole (soft o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative pole poli pole
genitive pole poľú polí
dative poľu poľoma poľóm
accusative pole poli pole
vocative pole poli pole
locative poli, poľu poľú polích
instrumental polem poľoma poli
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pȍľe. First attested in 1250.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /pɔlʲɛ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /pɔlʲɛ/

Noun edit

pole n (related adjective polny)

  1. field (arable land)
    • 1930 [Fifteenth century], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎[3], 9, 25:
      Zbyl gest grad we wszey szemy egipskyey wszitko, czsosz bilo na polyech (in agris)
      [Zbił jest grad we wszej ziemi ejipskiej wszytko, csoż było na polech (in agris)]
    • 1962 [c. 1420], Stanisław Urbańczyk, editor, Wokabularz trydencki‎[4], number 7:
      Rus pole, inde rusticus
      [Rus pole, inde rusticus]
  2. (figuratively) crops from a field
    • 1415, O zachowaniu się przy stole‎[5], line 4:
      Sgarne na szø wszytko pole, ... czszole szø na niwe swøze, tho wszytko na stole løsze
      [Zgarnie na się wszytko pole, ... csole się na niwie swięże, to wszytko na stole lęże]
  3. field (open land)
    • 1930 [Fifteenth century], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎[6], 4, 8:
      A gdisz na polu (in agro) bilasta, podnosl szø Kayn ku Ablowy
      [A gdyż na polu (in agro) byłasta, podniosł się Kain ku Ablowi]
    • 1962-1975 [1439], Stanisław Kuraś, Irena Sułkowska-Kuraś, editors, Zbiór dokumentów małopolskich [A collection of documents from Lesser Poland]‎[7], volume II, page 311:
      Quia ex recognicione fratrum predictorum... cessit castrum Bankowecz cum villis..., item in campo al. w polyu ville Gebolthow, et utraque Cowalicow, Maloschow... de his fratri predicto iuniori cesserunt
      [Quia ex recognicione fratrum predictorum... cessit castrum Bąkowiec cum villis..., item in campo al. w polu ville Giebołtow, et utraque Kowalikow, Małoszow... de his fratri predicto iuniori cesserunt]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎[8], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 131, 6:
      Naleszly gesmy gy w polech (in campis) lassa
      [Naleźli jeśmy ji w polech (in campis) lasa]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎[9], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 103, 12:
      Pycz bødzye wszytek zwyerz pola (agri)
      [Pić będzie wszytek źwierz pola (agri)]
  4. campsite; battlefield
  5. outside (area not in a building)
    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎[10], page 132:
      Vyschly na polye (ad campum), nalyezly Yesvsa chodzącz y tam, y szam
      [Wyszli na pole i naleźli Jesusa chodząc i tam i sam]
  6. (heraldry) background
    • 1856-1870 [1455], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VII, number 610:
      Niccolaus post awam suam est de sangwine et armis ipsorum dictis Stanczowye, proclamacio autem ipsorum Nabra, deferentes in clipeo tres lineas vlg. trzy *polye in longitudine clipei
      [Niccolaus post awam suam est de sangwine et armis ipsorum dictis Stańcowie, proclamacio autem ipsorum Nabra, deferentes in clipeo tres lineas vlg. trzy pola in longitudine clipei5]
  7. corruption of opole
    • 1840 [1252], Edward Raczyński, editor, Kodex dyplomatyczny Wielkiej Polski zawierający bulle papieżów, nadania książąt, przywileje miast, klasztorów i wsi, wraz z innemi podobnej treści dyplomatami tyczącemi się historyi tej prowincyi od roku 1136 do roku 1597‎[11], page 257:
      Dedimus omnimodam libertatem... a podworowe, ab pole, a bove et vacca annuali
      [Dedimus omnimodam libertatem... a podworowe, ab pole, a bove et vacca annuali]

Derived terms edit

nouns
verbs

Descendants edit

References edit

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
 
pole

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Old Polish pole. Doublet of polje.

Noun edit

pole n (diminutive pólko or poletko, related adjective polny)

  1. (countable, agriculture) field (land for cultivation)
    Synonyms: łan, niwa
  2. (countable) field (land designated for some activity)
  3. field (area characterized by some activity, i.e. battle)
    Synonym: teren
  4. (uncountable, Kraków) outside (area not inside a building)
    Synonym: (Warsaw) dwór
  5. (countable, sports) field. ground, pitch
  6. (countable) field (part of some surface)
  7. (countable) field (extent of someone's interest or activities)
    Synonym: dziedzina
  8. (uncountable) field (freedom of action or choice) [+ do (genitive) = for what]
    Synonym: możliwość
  9. (countable, physics) field (physical phenomenon (such as force, potential or fluid velocity) that pervades a region)
  10. (uncountable, mathematics) field (number that expresses the area of a given geometric figure in square units)
    Synonym: powierzchnia
  11. (computing) field (area of memory or storage reserved for a particular value, subject to virtual access controls)
  12. (obsolete) background (part of an image that is not the main part)
  13. (obsolete, anatomy) group of nerve cells located close to each other in the central nervous system and performing the same function
  14. (obsolete, hunting) hunting ground
    Synonym: łowisko
  15. (obsolete) measure of land
  16. (Middle Polish, chess) field (area on a chessboard)
  17. (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain.
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon‎[12], page 9a:
      Fortuna anatina et anataria, Szcżeśćie ná kácze pole.
Declension edit
Declension of pole
singular plural
nominative pole pola
genitive pola pól
dative polu polom
accusative pole pola
instrumental polem polami
locative polu polach
vocative pole pola
Derived terms edit
nouns
verbs
verbs

Trivia edit

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), pole is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 40 times in scientific texts, 6 times in news, 17 times in essays, 28 times in fiction, and 17 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 108 times, making it the 581st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun edit

pole f

  1. dative/locative singular of poła

References edit

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “pole”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 395

Further reading edit

  • pole in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • pole in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “pole”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Dorota Adamiec (25.03.2019) “POLE”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “pole”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[13]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “pole”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[14]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900–1927), chapter 525, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warsaw, page 4

Serbo-Croatian edit

Noun edit

pole (Cyrillic spelling поле)

  1. vocative singular of pol

Silesian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish pole.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈpɔlɛ/
  • Rhymes: -ɔlɛ
  • Syllabification: po‧le

Noun edit

pole n (related adjective polny)

  1. field (open earth, especially for cultivation)
  2. (computing) field (area of memory or storage reserved for a particular value, subject to virtual access controls)

Declension edit

Declension of pole
singular plural
nominative pole pola
genitive pola polōw
dative polu polōm
accusative pole pola
instrumental polym polami/polōma
locative polu polach
vocative pole pola

Further reading edit

  • pole in dykcjonorz.eu
  • pole in silling.org

Slovak edit

 
Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *poľe.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

pole n

  1. field

Declension edit

Declension of pole
singular plural
nominative pole polia
genitive poľa polí
dative poľu poliam
accusative pole polia
locative poli poliach
instrumental poľom poľami/poliami

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • Peciar, Štefan, editor (1959–1968), “pole”, in Slovník slovenského jazyka [Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–6 (A – Ž; Doplnky, Dodatky), Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo SAV, →OCLC
  • “pole”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Spanish edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from English pole position.

Noun edit

pole m (plural poles)

  1. (motor racing) pole position
    Synonym: primera posición

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

pole

  1. inflection of polir:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Swahili edit

Pronunciation edit

Interjection edit

pole (plural poleni)

  1. sorry

See also edit

Adjective edit

-pole (declinable)

  1. calm, gentle

Declension edit

Inflected forms of -pole
Noun class singular plural
m-wa class(I/II) mpole
m-mi class(III/IV) mpole mipole
ji-ma class(V/VI) pole mapole
ki-vi class(VII/VIII) kipole vipole
n class(IX/X) pole pole
u class(XI) mpole see n(X) or ma(VI) class
pa class(XVI) papole
ku class(XVII) kupole
mu class(XVIII) mupole

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

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