Wiktionary

ei

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ei"

CatalanEdit

InterjectionEdit

ei

  1. hey (exclamation to get attention)

Further readingEdit

Classical NahuatlEdit

NumeralEdit

ei

  1. Obsolete spelling of ēyi

DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch ei, from Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ɛi̯/
  • audio (Belgium)(file)
  • Hyphenation: ei
  • Rhymes: -ɛi̯
  • Homophone: IJ

NounEdit

ei n (plural eieren, diminutive eitje n)

  1. egg
    Een of ander insect heeft hier eitjes gelegd.
    A certain insect has laid eggs here.
    Wie heeft deze eieren gekookt? ― Who boiled these eggs?

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Afrikaans: eier
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: airi
  • Jersey Dutch: āi
  • Negerhollands: ee, eiu, eyu, eju

AnagramsEdit

EstonianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From the Proto-Finno-Ugric negative verb stem *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a-. Cognates include Finnish ei and Northern Sami ii.

AdverbEdit

ei

  1. no (a negating expression)

AntonymsEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. (auxiliary verb) don't, doesn't, not: used in negative forms of non-imperative verbs. Ma ei tea. I don't know. (Compare: Ma tean. I know.)

Usage notesEdit

The verb follows the word ei.

In the present tense indicative, the form of the verb coincides with the imperative of the second person singular. In past tenses indicative, the form of the verb is personal past participle. In the conditional mood, the form of the verb coincides with third person singular conditional in the present tense or the past tense. In the indirect mood, the form of the verb is the indirect form.

Derived termsEdit

FaroeseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse eigi.

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

ei

  1. not

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

  • ei og ikki - as well as, both ... and
  • grát ei - do not weep (song title by Eivør Pálsdóttir, 2007)

FinnishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *e-, from Proto-Uralic *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a- (negative verb stem). Cognates include Estonian ei, Karelian ei, Livonian ä’b, Veps ei, Northern Sami ii, Skolt Sami ij, Erzya а-, ай- (a-, aj-), Eastern Mari ы- (y-), Udmurt уг (ug), Komi-Zyrian оз (oz), Mansi [script needed] (ä-), Forest Enets [Term?] (i-) and Selkup [script needed] (i-), [script needed] (e-).

Noteworthy forms include eivät (pro earlier evät, reformed after ei). For more forms, see the Proto-Finnic and Proto-Uralic pages. Not related to Swedish ej, Icelandic ei, Old Norse eigi, despite the similarity; the Finnic and Norse terms are false cognates.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈei̯/, [ˈe̞i̯]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ei
  • Syllabification: ei

InterjectionEdit

ei

  1. no (a negating expression)

AntonymsEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. The third-person singular form of the negative verb (negation verb), used also with impersonal verb forms (see the usage in passive below). The English translations include don’t, doesn’t, not (with auxiliary verbs and be), and no.

Usage notesEdit

  • The negation verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb. That form is identical to the second-person singular imperative in the indicative present. The potential mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -ne-, and the conditional mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -isi-. In the indicative past, conditional past and potential past, the active past participle singular (ending -ut/-yt) is used. The connegative form of the main verb is always used without the personal suffix.
  • Usage of ei in active:
  • Indicative:
  • Hän näkee. (She/He sees.) → Hän ei näe. (She/He does not see.)
  • Hän näki. (She/He saw.) → Hän ei nähnyt. (She/He did not see.)
  • Hän on nähnyt. (She/He has seen.) → Hän ei ole nähnyt. (She/He has not seen.)
  • Hän oli nähnyt. (She/He had seen.) → Hän ei ollut nähnyt. (She/He had not seen.)
  • Conditional:
  • Hän näkisi. (She/He would see.) → Hän ei näkisi. (She/He would not see.)
  • Hän olisi nähnyt. (She/He would have seen.) → Hän ei olisi nähnyt. (She/He would not have seen.)
  • Potential:
  • Hän nähnee. (She/He probably sees.) → Hän ei nähne. (She/He probably does not see.)
  • Hän lienee nähnyt. (She/He has probably seen.) → Hän ei liene nähnyt. (She/He has probably not seen.)
  • The passive is construed with ei and by dropping the two last letters (indicative -an / -än, conditional -in, potential -en) from the impersonal verb form. In the past of all the three moods, ei is used with the passive past participle singular (ending -tu / -ty):
  • Usage of ei in passive (i.e., in sentences where the impersonal verb form is used):
  • Indicative:
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät nähdään. (S/he is / I am / We are seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei nähdä. (S/he is / I am / We are not seen.)
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät nähtiin. (S/he was / I was / We were seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei nähty. (S/he was / I was / We were not seen.)
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät on nähty. (S/he has / I have / We have been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei ole nähty. (S/He has / I have / We have not been seen.)
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät oli nähty. (S/he / I / We had been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei ollut nähty. (S/he / I / We had not been seen.)
  • Conditional:
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät nähtäisiin. (S/he / I / We would be seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei nähtäisi. (S/he / I / We would not be seen.)
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät olisi nähty. (S/he / I / We would have been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei olisi nähty. (S/he / I / We would not have been seen.)
  • Potential:
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät nähtäneen. (S/he is / I am / We are probably seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei nähtäne. (S/he is / I am / We are probably not seen.)
  • Hänet/Minut/Meidät lienee nähty. (S/he has / I have / We have probably been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitä ei liene nähty. (S/he has / I have / We have probably not been seen.)
  • Hän näkee koiran (accusative). (S/he sees a dog.) → Hän ei näe koiraa (partitive). (S/he does not see a dog.)
  • Hän näkee naiset (accusative). (S/he sees the women.) → Hän ei näe naisia (partitive). (S/he does not see women/the women)

ConjugationEdit

  • The negation verb has no infinitive form.
  • Indicative, conditional and potential moods use the indicative forms (stem e-), for which the verb is conjugated only in person.
  • In the imperative mood the negation verb has the stem äl-.
  • An archaic optative mood exists and is used mainly in poetry.
person indicative mood imperative mood optative mood
1st sing. en (älkääni, älkäämi) (ällön)
2nd sing. et älä (ällös)
3rd sing. ei älköön (älköön)
1st plur. emme älkäämme (älköömme)
2nd plur. ette älkää (älköötte)
3rd plur. eivät älkööt (älkööt)

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

GalicianEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

ei

  1. gee up
    Synonym: arre
    Antonym: xo
  2. hey
    Synonyms: eh, oi

ReferencesEdit

  • “ei” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “ei” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “ei” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

GothicEdit

RomanizationEdit

ei

  1. Romanization of 𐌴𐌹

IcelandicEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse ei. A clipping of eigi, from Proto-Germanic *ni aiw-gin (“never”), from *ne, *ni (“not”) + *aiw (“always, for ever”) + *-gin. Not related to Finnish ei (“no”).

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

ei

  1. (archaic, poetic) not
    Örvæntið ei!
    Despair not!
    Ég veit ei hvað skal segja.
    I know not what to say.
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

See e.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ei

  1. dative singular indefinite of e

ReferencesEdit

IngrianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *e-, from the Proto-Uralic *e-. Cognates include Finnish ei and Estonian ei.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈei̯/
  • Hyphenation: ei

ParticleEdit

ei

  1. no

AntonymsEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. not
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 63:
      Linnuil ono nälkä, evät rooka saa.
      The cities are hungry, they don't get food.

ConjugationEdit

Inflection of ei
indicative imperative
1st singular en -
2nd singular et elä
3rd singular ei elköö
1st plural emmä -
2nd plural että elkää
3rd plural evät elkööt
impersonal ei elköö
*) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-kä?) or -kse to the indicative.

ReferencesEdit

  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 128
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 29
  • Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[2], →ISBN, page 15

ItalianEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈej/
  • Rhymes: -ej
  • Hyphenation: éi

Etymology 1Edit

Syncopated form of elli (“he”), from Vulgar Latin *illi, from Latin ille (“that”).

PronounEdit

ei m

  1. (poetic, archaic, after the verb) Alternative form of elli

Etymology 2Edit

Syncopated form of elli (“they”), from Latin illī (“those”).

PronounEdit

ei m pl

  1. (archaic) Alternative form of elli

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

ei

  1. Rōmaji transcription of えい

KarelianEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. (does) not

KottEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔej- ("pine"). Compare Arin aja (“pine”).

NounEdit

ei (plural en)

  1. pine tree

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔej ("tongue"). Compare Pumpokol aj (“tongue”).

NounEdit

ei (plural ējaŋ)

  1. voice, sound

LatinEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

ei

  1. Alternative form of hei (“expression of grief or fear”)

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

eī

  1. inflection of is:
    1. dative masculine/feminine/neuter singular
    2. nominative masculine plural

LatvianEdit

InterjectionEdit

ei

  1. used to stimulate somebody's attention
  2. used to express pleasure, surprise or admiration

LimburgishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch ei, from Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.

NounEdit

ei n

  1. egg

LivviEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *ei. Cognates include Finnish ei and Estonian ei.

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. not

ConjugationEdit

Inflection of ei
indicative imperative
1st singular en -
2nd singular et älä
3rd singular ei älgäh
1st plural emmo älgiämmö
2nd plural etto älgiä
3rd plural ei äldähes

ReferencesEdit

  • N. Gilojeva; S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 20
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019), “ei”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 38

MalasangaEdit

NounEdit

ei

  1. fire

Further readingEdit

  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

MandarinEdit

RomanizationEdit

ei

  1. Nonstandard spelling of ēi.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of ěi.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of èi.

Usage notesEdit

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

MaquiritariEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. (intransitive) to be

Usage notesEdit

Many forms of this verb are irregular. Some are based on a root ei ~ e', some on a ~ aa, some on a'ja, and some on ööne ~ wene:

  • ei ~ e' is used with most tense/aspect/mood markers and all adverbial and nominal derivatives of the verb.
  • a ~ aa is used for the nonpast form, question forms, and two third-person forms na'ñojo and naichü.
  • a'ja is used for past imperfectives.
  • ööne ~ wene is used for the permanent aspect; this is the only verb in the language that has such an aspect.

The verb also takes an irregular suffix -ya in place of the ordinary recent/distant past perfective suffix -i. Similarly, the plural form of the same suffix is -yato rather than -icho.

This verb can be used as an auxiliary to form various constructions, making it possible to express tense/aspect/mood for constructions made with non-finite verb forms by putting the relevant markers on the copula instead.

ReferencesEdit

  • Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “ei”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon, page 215–216, 238–239

Middle DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.

NounEdit

ei n

  1. egg

InflectionEdit

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “ei”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “ei”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Middle EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old English ǣġ, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm. Cognate to Middle Dutch ei.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ei (plural eire or eiren)

  1. An egg, especially of a chicken or other fowl.

SynonymsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • English: ey

ReferencesEdit

Murui HuitotoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Huitoto-Ocaina *ḗʔī-.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈɛi̯]
  • Hyphenation: ei

RootEdit

ei

  1. mother

Derived termsEdit

NounEdit

ei

  1. vocative of eiño (“mother”)

NounEdit

ei

  1. Synonym of eiño (“mother”)

Coordinate termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎[3] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 75
  • Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎[4], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 125

Norwegian BokmålEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse einn.

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

ei

  1. feminine singular of en

PronounEdit

ei

  1. feminine singular of en

AdverbEdit

ei

  1. (archaic) not

SynonymsEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. imperative of eie

Norwegian NynorskEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse einn.

ArticleEdit

ei f (masculine ein, neuter eit)

  1. a, an (indefinite article)
    Ei ny bok.
    A new book.

PronounEdit

ei

  1. feminine singular of ein

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Norwegian eigh, from Old Norse eigi.

AdverbEdit

ei

  1. not
    Synonyms: ikkje, kje

ReferencesEdit

  • “ei” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “ei”, in Norsk Ordbok: ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet, Oslo: Samlaget, 1950-2016

Old High GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm. Akin to Old English ǣġ, Old Norse egg.

Further Indo-European cognates include Latin ōvum and Ancient Greek ᾠόν (ōión)

NounEdit

ei n

  1. (zoology) an egg

DescendantsEdit

  • Middle High German: ei
    • Alemannic German:
      Swabian: Oi
    • Bavarian: Oa
      Mòcheno: oi
    • German: Ei
    • Luxembourgish: Ee
    • Vilamovian: e
    • Yiddish: איי‎ (ey)

Old PortugueseEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Uncertain.

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

ei

  1. here is, here are

DescendantsEdit

Old SaxonEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.

NounEdit

ei n

  1. egg

DescendantsEdit

  • Middle Low German: ei, egg, eig
    • Low German:
      • German Low German: Ei
        Westphalian:
        Lippisch: Egg
        Märkisch: Ägg
        Ravensbergisch: Åich
        Sauerländisch: Ai
        Westmünsterländisch: Äi
      • Plautdietsch: Ei

PapiamentuEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Portuguese eis.

PronounEdit

ei

  1. there

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

 

Etymology 1Edit

AdverbEdit

ei (not comparable)

  1. Apocopic form of eis; used preceding the pronouns lo, la, los or las

Etymology 2Edit

InterjectionEdit

ei

  1. hey (exclamation to get attention)

RomanianEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin illī, nominative masculine plural of ille.

PronounEdit

ei m pl (third-person plural, feminine equivalent ele)

  1. (nominative form) they (used for an all-male or mixed-sex group)
DeclensionEdit
Nominative
ei
Accusative
stressed unstressed
ei îi
Genitive
one form for all numbers and genders
lor
Dative
stressed unstressed
lor le
Reflexive
Accusative Dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
sine se sieși își
SynonymsEdit

PronounEdit

ei m (stressed accusative form of ei)

  1. (direct object, preceded by preposition, such as "pe", "cu", "la", or "pentru") them (all-male or mixed-sex group)

Related termsEdit

  • el (third-person masculine singular)
  • ea (third-person feminine singular)
  • ele (third-person feminine plural)

See alsoEdit

Romanian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person eu noi
2nd person plain tu voi
semi-polite dumneata dumneavoastră
polite dumneavoastră
3rd person
familiar 		m el ei
f ea ele
3rd person
polite 		m dumnealui dumnealor
f dumneaei

Etymology 2Edit

From Vulgar Latin *illaei, from Latin illa, from ille.

PronounEdit

ei f (genitive form of ea, masculine equivalent lui, plural lor)

  1. her
    Ai cartea ei?
    Do you have her book?
DeclensionEdit
declension of ei
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite ei ei ei ei
definite — — — —
genitive/
dative 		indefinite ei ei ei ei
definite — — — —
SynonymsEdit

PronounEdit

ei f (stressed dative form of ea, masculine equivalent lui, plural lor)

  1. to her
SynonymsEdit
  • îi (unstressed form)

SabuEdit

 
ei

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waiʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.

NounEdit

ei

  1. water (clear liquid H₂O)

ReferencesEdit

  • ABVD
  • Comparative Austronesian Dictionary

ScotsEdit

NounEdit

ei (plural een)

  1. (South Scots) an eye.

PronounEdit

ei

  1. (South Scots, personal) he (alternative form of hei)

Tedim ChinEdit

PronounEdit

ei

  1. we

ReferencesEdit

  • Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip

VepsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Cognate with Finnish ei.

VerbEdit

ei

  1. not; expresses negation.

InflectionEdit

Inflection of ei
indicative imperative
1st singular en —
2nd singular ed ala
3rd singular ei algha
1st plural em algam
2nd plural et algat
3rd plural ei algha

ReferencesEdit

  • Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “не, ни”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

WelshEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Celtic *esyo m and *esyās f; compare Old Irish a (“his, her, its, their”) and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”) and अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”).

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

ei (triggers soft mutation of following word)

  1. his, its
    Dw i’n gweld ei dŷ e.
    I see his house.
  2. him, it (as object of a verbal noun)
    • 18th century, Wil Hopcyn, “Bugeilio’r gwenith gwyn”:
      Myfi’n bugeilio’r gwenith gwyn,
      Ac arall yn ei fedi.
      Me watching the white wheat,
      And another reaping it.
Usage notesEdit

e or o often follows the noun when it ends in a consonant and either fe or fo follows when it ends in a vowel.

DeterminerEdit

ei (triggers aspirate mutation or h-prosthesis of following word)

  1. her, its
    Dw i’n gweld ei thŷ hi.
    I see her house.
  2. her, it (as object of a verbal noun)
Usage notesEdit

hi often follows the noun.

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ei

  1. second-person singular future of mynd (also present tense in the literary language)

ZouEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ei

  1. we (exclusive)

SynonymsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
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