Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laiþaz
(Redirected from Appendix:Proto-Germanic/laiþaz)
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂leytos (“abhorrence, loath”), from *h₂leyt- (“to do something hateful, abhorrent”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *lissus (“abhorrence”) (compare Old Irish lius, liuss (“loathing, disgust”)), Ancient Greek ἀλιτρός (alitrós, “sinful, wicked”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
*laiþaz
- loath; loathsome; disgusting
- unwilling; averse; reluctant
- offensive; hostile; hateful
- grievous; sweer; sad; sorry
Inflection edit
Declension of *laiþaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *laiþaz | *laiþai | *laiþō | *laiþôz | *laiþą, -atō | *laiþō |
| Accusative | *laiþanǭ | *laiþanz | *laiþǭ | *laiþōz | *laiþą, -atō | *laiþō |
| Genitive | *laiþas, -is | *laiþaizǫ̂ | *laiþaizōz | *laiþaizǫ̂ | *laiþas, -is | *laiþaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *laiþammai | *laiþaimaz | *laiþaizōi | *laiþaimaz | *laiþammai | *laiþaimaz |
| Instrumental | *laiþanō | *laiþaimiz | *laiþaizō | *laiþaimiz | *laiþanō | *laiþaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *laiþô | *laiþaniz | *laiþǭ | *laiþōniz | *laiþô | *laiþōnō |
| Accusative | *laiþanų | *laiþanunz | *laiþōnų | *laiþōnunz | *laiþô | *laiþōnō |
| Genitive | *laiþiniz | *laiþanǫ̂ | *laiþōniz | *laiþōnǫ̂ | *laiþiniz | *laiþanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *laiþini | *laiþammaz | *laiþōni | *laiþōmaz | *laiþini | *laiþammaz |
| Instrumental | *laiþinē | *laiþammiz | *laiþōnē | *laiþōmiz | *laiþinē | *laiþammiz |