led

See also: LED and leð

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛd/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛd
• Homophone: lead (metal element)
• Hyphenation: led

Verb

led

1. simple past and past participle of lead

Adjective

led (not comparable)

1. Under somebody's control or leadership.
   1. Of a farm, etc.: managed by a deputy instead of the owner or tenant in person.

Derived terms

• led captain
• led horse
• market-led

 

Anagrams

• 'eld, DLE, Del, Del., EDL, LDE, del, del., eld

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *lled.

Noun

led m

1. size

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech led, from Proto-Slavic *ledъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɛt]

• audio

  (file)

• Homophone: let

Noun

led m inan

1. ice

Declension

Declension of led (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	led	ledy
genitive	ledu	ledů
dative	ledu	ledům
accusative	led	ledy
vocative	lede	ledy
locative	ledě, ledu	ledech
instrumental	ledem	ledy

Derived terms

• chladný jako led
• leden
• lednička (“fridge”)
• lední
• ledňáček (“kingfisher”)
• ledoborec (“icebreaker”)
• ledovec (“iceberg”)
• ledový
• náledí
• pohybovat se na tenkém ledě
• prolomit ledy (“to break the ice”)

 

Further reading

• led in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• led in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• led in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse liðr, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz, cognate with German Glied (“joint”), Lied (“song”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leð/, [ˈleð]

Noun

led n (singular definite leddet, plural indefinite led)

1. (anatomy) joint (movable connection between the bones in a body or a minor exterior part of the body; also of joints in a plant)
2. link (movable part of a thing or a plant)
3. link, part (element in a line of thought or a course of events)
4. generation (in a family tree)
5. (grammar) phrase (a word or group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence)
6. (mathematics) term (one of the addends in a sum or in another mathematical operation)

   I udtrykket $2x+4\ln x-3$ er $2x$, $4\ln x$ og $-3$ led.

   In the expression $2x+4\ln x-3$, $2x$, $4\ln x$, and $-3$ are terms.

Declension

Declension of led

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	led	leddet	led	leddene
genitive	leds	leddets	leds	leddenes

References

• “led,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

A merger of two Old Norse nouns: 1. leið (“road, direction”), from Proto-Germanic *laidō, cognate with English load, lode, German Leite (“slope”), Dutch lei (“slate”). 2. hlið f (“side”), from Proto-Germanic *hliþō, cognate with Old English hliþ n.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leð/, [ˈleð]

Noun

led c (singular definite ledden, plural indefinite ledder)

1. side, direction (of an object)

   Jeg skar guleroden over på den lange led.

   I cut the carrot in two lengthwise.

2. way (of doing something)

Declension

Declension of led

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	led	ledden	ledder	ledderne
genitive	leds	leddens	ledders	leddernes

References

• “led,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 3

From Old Norse hliðr, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą, cognate with Swedish lid (“gate”), English lid, German lid (“eyelid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leð/, [ˈleð]

Noun

led n (singular definite leddet, plural indefinite led)

1. gate (in a fence or at a level crossing)

Declension

Declension of led

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	led	leddet	led	leddene
genitive	leds	leddets	leds	leddenes

References

• “led,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 4

From Old Norse leiðr (“uncomfortable, tired”), Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, cognate with English loath, German leid (“distressing”), Dutch leed (“sad”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leːˀð/, [ˈleˀð], [ˈleðˀ]

Adjective

led (neuter ledt, plural and definite singular attributive lede)

1. disgusting, odious, loathsome
2. nasty, beastly

Inflection

Inflection of led
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Indefinte common singular	led	ledere	ledest2
Indefinite neuter singular	ledt	ledere	ledest2
Plural	lede	ledere	ledest2
Definite attributive1	lede	ledere	ledeste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

References

• “led,4” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leːˀð/, [ˈleˀð], [ˈleðˀ]

Verb

led

1. past tense of lide

Etymology 6

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leːˀð/, [ˈleˀð], [ˈleðˀ]

Verb

led

1. imperative of lede

Irish

Alternative forms

• let

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʲɛd̪ˠ/

Contraction

led (triggers lenition)

1. (Munster) Contraction of le do (“with your sg”).

   Brúigh led mhéar é.

   Press it with your finger.

Related terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “led”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Middle English

Alternative forms

• lead, lede, leed, leod, leyd, leyt
• læd (early)

Etymology

From Old English lēad, from Proto-West Germanic *laud, from Gaulish *laudon, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɛːd/

Noun

led (uncountable)

1. lead (element Pl)
2. A cauldron (originally of lead)

Related terms

• leden

Descendants

• English: lead
• Scots: leid, lede
• Yola: leed

References

• “lēd, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• lei

Verb

led

1. simple past of lide

Etymology 2

Verb

led

1. imperative of lede

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse liðr m, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz. Doublet of ledd n, although formerly considered alternative forms. Cognates include Icelandic liður, Danish led, Dutch lid and dialectal English lith.

Alternative forms

• Lid (obsolete spelling)

Noun

led m (definite singular leden, indefinite plural leder or ledar, definite plural ledene or ledane)

1. (anatomy) a joint or a movable body part adjacent to it
2. a single part within a whole, especially a sequence
   1. a link (in a chain)
   2. a generation

Derived terms

• lea, lee (verb)

• akselled
• aksleled
• ankelled
• bindeled
• forled
• fyrsteled
• føreled
• førsteled
• glideled
• handled
• heldeled
• hofteled
• kardangled
• kjeveled
• kneled
• kuleled
• ledband
• ledbetennelse
• ledbuss
• leddeling
• leddelt
• leddyr
• ledflate
• ledgikt
• ledhòle
• ledmakk
• ledmark
• ledmus
• ledorm
• ledvatn
• ledvæske
• mellomled
• okleled
• olbogeled
• omsetjingsled
• omsetnadsled
• omsetningsled
• omsettingsled
• omsynsled
• overled
• preposisjonsled
• samansetjingsled
• samansetningsled
• samansettingsled
• setningsled
• sisteled
• slektled
• slektsled
• underled
• universalled
• uvled
• verballed
• ættled

 

Related terms

• ledig
• ledug

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hlið n, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą. Akin to English lid. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to shelter, cover”).

Alternative forms

• Lid (obsolete spelling)

Noun

led n (definite singular ledet, indefinite plural led, definite plural leda)

1. a gate
2. an opening in a fence

Derived terms

• gardled
• gjerdeled
• grindled
• hageled

Etymology 3

From Old Norse hlið f.

Alternative forms

• Lid (obsolete spelling)

Noun

led f (definite singular leda, indefinite plural leder, definite plural ledene)

1. a side

Derived terms

• lodneled

Etymology 4

From English LED (“light-emitting diode”).

Noun

led m (definite singular led-en, indefinite plural led-ar, definite plural led-ane)

1. Alternative letter-case form of LED

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

led

1. present of leda

Anagrams

• LED, del, edl, eld

Portuguese

Noun

led m (plural leds)

1. Alternative spelling of LED

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from English LED.

Noun

led n (plural leduri)

1. LED

Declension

Declension of led

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) led	ledul	(niște) leduri	ledurile
genitive/dative	(unui) led	ledului	(unor) leduri	ledurilor
vocative	ledule		ledurilor

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ledъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lêːd/

Noun

lȇd m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑д)

1. ice
2. great frigidity, freezing cold
3. hail

   Synonym: grȁd

4. the ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)

   Synonym: lédak

5. (figurative) unfeelingness, coldheartedness
6. (figurative) a state of immobilization from fear, doubt, or surprise

Declension

Declension of led

	singular	plural
nominative	lȇd	lȅdovi
genitive	lȅda	ledóvȃ
dative	lȅdu	ledòvima
accusative	lȇd	lȅdove
vocative	lȅdu	lȅdovi
locative	lèdu	ledòvima
instrumental	lȅdom	ledòvima

Derived terms

• sladoled

References

• Pero Budmani, editor (1898-1903), “led”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 5, Zagreb: JAZU, page 948
• “led” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *ledъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /léːt/
• Rhymes: -eːd
• Hyphenation: led
• Homophones: let, LED

Noun

lẹ̑d m inan

at	v ledu
to	v led
from	iz ledu

1. ice
2. (literary) emotional coldness
3. (cooking) icing

Declension

• rarely in dual and plural^[→SP]

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix), long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular
nom. sing.	lẹ̑d
gen. sing.	ledȗ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	lẹ̑d	ledȏva	ledȏvi
genitive rodȋlnik	ledȗ	ledóv	ledóv
dative dajȃlnik	lẹ̑du, lẹ̑di	ledȏvoma, ledȏvama	ledȏvom, lẹ̑dȏvam
accusative tožȋlnik	lẹ̑d	ledȏva	ledȏve
locative mẹ̑stnik	lẹ̑du, lẹ̑di	ledȏvih	ledȏvih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	lẹ̑dom	ledȏvoma, ledȏvama	ledȏvi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	lẹ̑d	ledȏva	ledȏvi

• rarely in dual and plural^[→SP]

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix), fixed accent
nom. sing.	lẹ̑d
gen. sing.	lẹ̑da
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	lẹ̑d	ledȏva	ledȏvi
genitive rodȋlnik	lẹ̑da	ledóv	ledóv
dative dajȃlnik	lẹ̑du, lẹ̑di	ledȏvoma, ledȏvama	ledȏvom, lẹ̑dȏvam
accusative tožȋlnik	lẹ̑d	ledȏva	ledȏve
locative mẹ̑stnik	lẹ̑du, lẹ̑di	ledȏvih	ledȏvih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	lẹ̑dom	ledȏvoma, ledȏvama	ledȏvi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	lẹ̑d	ledȏva	ledȏvi

Synonyms

• (sense 2)

• brezčutnost
• brezdušnost
• ledenost

 

• (sense 3)

• glazura

 

Antonyms

• (sense 2)

• sočustvo
• sočutje
• sočutnost
• sotrpljenje
• sožalje

 

Derived terms

• biti na tankem ledu
• dati na led
• dati speljati na led
• deti na led
• gladek kot led
• hladen kot led
• hokej na ledu
• iti na led
• jadranje na ledu
• kegljanje na ledu
• ledeníca
• ledeník
• ledenẹ́ti
• ledíšče
• ledẹ̄nka
• ledẹ̑n
• mrzel kot led
• na jeziku med, v srcu led
• oledenẹ́ti
• osel gre samo enkrat na led
• plavajoči led
• plavni led
• pogubni led
• polarni led
• poledenȋtəv
• poledenẹ́ti
• posaditi na led
• prebiti led
• sladolẹ̑d
• sladolẹ̑dar
• sladolẹ̑dən
• speljati na led
• spolzek kot led
• spraviti na led
• stati na tankem ledu
• suhi led
• sveti Matija led razbija, če ga ni, ga pa naredi
• tečajni led
• v snegu in ledu
• zaledenẹ́ti
• zledenīti
• zledenẹ́ti
• znajti na tankem ledu

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English LED, an abbreviation for light emitting diode.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /léːt/
• Rhymes: -eːd
• Hyphenation: led
• Homophones: let, LED

Noun

lẹ̑d f

1. (uncommon) LED, light emitting diode

Declension

Third feminine declension (no endings), fixed accent
nom. sing.	lẹd
gen. sing.	lẹd
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd
genitive rodȋlnik	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd
dative dajȃlnik	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd
accusative tožȋlnik	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd
locative mẹ̑stnik	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd
instrumental orọ̑dnik	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	lẹd	lẹd	lẹd

Unlike some other nouns that follow third declensions, this one is often used in plural.

Synonyms

• LED
• LED dioda
• LED-dioda
• ledica
• svetleča dioda

 

Derived terms

• lẹ̑dica

 

See also

• voda
• para
• dioda

Further reading

• “led”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “led”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Spanish

Noun

led m (plural ledes)

1. LED

Further reading

• “led”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swedish

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish lēþer, from Old Norse leiðr, from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt-.

Adjective

led

1. tired; bored
2. (archaic) disgusting, repulsive, loathsome; evil

Usage notes

The second sense is still in some use in the expression den lede frestaren or simply lede, as a name for the Devil.

Declension

Inflection of led
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	led	ledare	ledast
Neuter singular	lett	ledare	ledast
Plural	leda	ledare	ledast
Masculine plural3	lede	ledare	ledast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	lede	ledare	ledaste
All	leda	ledare	ledaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Synonyms

• less
• trött

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish liþer, from Old Norse liðr, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz.

Noun

led c

1. joint; the part of a limb where it can bend; such as a knee or a wrist; phalanx
   1. any mechanical joint where two parts are supposed to move (bend) with respect to each other

Declension

Declension of led
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	led	leden	leder	lederna
Genitive	leds	ledens	leders	ledernas

Derived terms

• ledamot (“body part; board member”)

Etymology 3

From Old Swedish liþ. Of the same origin as previous with alternate grammatical gender (cf. Old English liþ n).

Noun

led n

1. a queue, a rank (row of people in front of or next to each other)
2. (figurative, usually in the plural) a rank (set of members of some organization or group)
   • 1974, Ragnar Borgedahl (lyrics and music), “Hum, hum från Humlegårn [Hum, hum from Humlegår(de)n [sic – a park in Stockholm]]”, in Hum, hum från Humlegårn:

     När solen sjunker i Eden, och när vägen leder till skärselden. Då smyger några ur leden, och vänder hemåt igen.

     When the sun sinks in Eden, and when the road leads to purgatory. Then some sneak out of the ranks, and turn back home.

3. (mathematics) a term

   högerledet

   the right hand side; what's on the right hand side of the equation

4. a stage

   ett led i processen

   a stage in the process

Declension

Declension of led
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	led	ledet	led	leden
Genitive	leds	ledets	leds	ledens

Etymology 4

From Old Swedish lēþ, from Old Norse leið, from Proto-Germanic *laidō.

Noun

led c

1. (transport) track, route or way, along which one may walk, go by bicycle or drive a motor vehicle

Declension

Declension of led
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	led	leden	leder	lederna
Genitive	leds	ledens	leders	ledernas

Derived terms

• cykelled
• farled
• huvudled
• motortrafikled
• skoterled
• vandringsled

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

led

1. past indicative of lida
2. imperative of leda

References

• led in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• led in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• led in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• del, eld

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leːd/

Noun

led

1. Soft mutation of lled.

Adjective

led

1. Soft mutation of lled.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
lled	led	unchanged	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.