Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁eǵʰs
Proto-Indo-European
editAlternative reconstructions
editReconstruction
editCeltic and Greek point to PIE *h₁eḱs. Balto-Slavic *iś and *iź (either could be word-sandhi variant of the other) forms have unexplained initial *i-. However, due to aspirates in the old compounds such as ἔσχατος (éskhatos) and ἐχθός (ekhthós), a pre-form *h₁eǵʰs is needed.[2] Dunkel reconstructs without *h₁ because he allows vowel-initial words.
Adverb
edit*h₁eǵʰs
Derived terms
edit- *h₁eǵʰs-to-
- *h₁eǵʰs-tos
- *h₁eǵʰs-teros
- *h₁eǵʰs-tm̥mós
- Proto-Celtic: *extamos[5]
- Proto-Hellenic: *ékʰstətos (with regular superlative suffix from *-tm̥-tos)
- >? Ancient Greek: ἔσχατος (éskhatos, “outermost, farthest, most remote, last”) (with metathesis and simplification of the cluster) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *ekstemos
- Latin: extimus (“outermost, farthest”)
Descendants
edit- Proto-Albanian: *its
- Proto-Albanian: *eś-
- Albanian: sh-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *iź, *iś
- Proto-Celtic: *exs, *exs- (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *eh
- Proto-Hellenic: *eks, *eks-
- Proto-Italic: *eɣ, *eks
References
edit- ^ The template Template:R:ine:LIPP does not use the parameter(s):
p=205
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN - ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 433
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*extos”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*extero-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
- ^ “Addenda et corrigenda to Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)”