ach

An expression of annoyance.
- 1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972:
  "Ach." Auntie frowned hugely. "That is all nonsense."
An expression of woe or regret.
Alternative form of och

AnagramsEdit

-cha, CAH, CHA, Cha, HAC, HCA, cah, cha

Central FranconianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

aacht (Moselle Franconian)
aach (Ripuarian)

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɑx/

NumeralEdit

ach

(Limburgan Ripuarian) eight (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; or describing a set with eight elements)

Derived termsEdit

Ach
achmoal

Related termsEdit

ChuukeseEdit

DeterminerEdit

ach

First-person plural inclusive general possessive; our (inclusive)

Related termsEdit

Chuukese possessive determiners

		Small objects, concepts	Large objects, living things	Suffix
Singular	First person	ai	nei	-ei
	Second person	omw, om	noum	-om
	Third person	an	noun	-an
Plural	First person	äm (exclusive) ach (inclusive)	nöu̇m (exclusive) nöüch (inclusive)	-em (exclusive) -ach (inclusive)
	Second person	ämi, ami	noumi	-emi
	Third person	ar	nour	-er

CimbrianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

òich (plural you only)

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronounEdit

ach

(Sette Comuni) accusative of iart: you (plural; polite singular)

ReferencesEdit

“ach” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɑx/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: ach
Rhymes: -ɑx

InterjectionEdit

ach

oh, expresses compassion, surprise and dismay

DescendantsEdit

Afrikaans: ag
→ Papiamentu: ag

EsperantoEdit

InterjectionEdit

ach

H-system spelling of aĉ

GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ach, from Old High German ah.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ax/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ax

InterjectionEdit

ach

oh, alas (expressing surprise, sorrow, or understanding)
- 1808, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Vor dem Thor”, in Faust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One]‎^[1]; republished as Bayard Taylor, transl.,1870:
  Zwey Seelen wohnen, ach! in meiner Brust, / Die eine will sich von der andern trennen;
  Two souls, alas! reside within my breast, / And each withdraws from, and repels, its brother.
oh (preceding an offhand or annoyed remark)
oh (preceding an invocation or address, but rarely a solemn one)

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Danish: ah
- Norwegian Bokmål: ah, a
Yiddish: אַך‎ (akh)

IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

(Munster, Aran) IPA^(key): /ɑx/
(Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ax/

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *ektos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.

Alternative formsEdit

acht (obsolete)

ConjunctionEdit

ach

but

PrepositionEdit

ach (plus nominative, triggers no mutation)

except, but

Derived termsEdit

ach oiread (“as well”) (after a negative)

AdverbEdit

ach

but, only, merely

Etymology 2Edit

Onomatopoeic.

Alternative formsEdit

ách

InterjectionEdit

ach!

ah! och! ugh!

Middle Low GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɑx/, [ax], [ɑχ]

InterjectionEdit

ach

oh (an expression of grievance or displeasure)

North FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Frisian achta. Compare West Frisian acht.

NumeralEdit

ach

(Heligoland) eight

Old PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *axъ, ultimately a natural expression. First attested in the 14th century..

InterjectionEdit

ach

ah! (expresses surprise)

DescendantsEdit

Polish: ach

ReferencesEdit

B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “ach”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Old Polish ach, from Proto-Slavic *axъ, ultimately a natural expression. First attested in the 14th century.^[1]

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ax/
(Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ɒx/, /ax/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ax
Syllabification: ach

InterjectionEdit

ach

ah! (expresses surprise)
Synonyms: och, ojej, ależ

Derived termsEdit

adjective

ach i och

interjections

(Middle Polish) achcie
(Middle Polish) achcież

noun

achy i ochy

verbs

achać impf, achnąć pf

TriviaEdit

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ach is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 0 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 0 times in essays, 10 times in fiction, and 44 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 54 times, making it the 1186th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[2]

ReferencesEdit

^ K. Nitsch, editor (1953), “ach”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 15
^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “ach”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 1

ScotsEdit

EtymologyEdit

In imitation of a cry.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɑx/

InterjectionEdit

ach

An exclamation of impatience, disappointment, contempt, remonstrance.
expression of satisfaction or pleasure.

ReferencesEdit

“ach, int.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.

Scottish GaelicEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *ektos, from Proto-Indo-European *eghs.

ConjunctionEdit

ach

but
Thèid mise ach cha tèid thusa. ― I'll go but you won't [go].
except, only
Cha robh ann ach trì daoine. ― There were only three people (literally "there was not there but/except for three people").

Etymology 2Edit

Shortened form of feuch.

ConjunctionEdit

ach

so that
Dh'aontaich e ach am biodh adhartas air choireigin ann. ― He agreed so that there would be some progress.

ReferencesEdit

G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “acht”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Temascaltepec NahuatlEdit

AdverbEdit

ach

maybe

WelshEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Celtic *akkā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekkeh₂ (compare Latin Acca (Larentia), a Roman goddess, Ancient Greek Ἀκκώ (Akkṓ, “nurse of Demeter”), Sanskrit अक्का (akkā, “mother”)).

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /aːχ/
Rhymes: -aːχ

NounEdit

ach f (plural achau or achoedd)

kinship
pedigree, ancestry
(plural) lineage
(plural) genealogy, family roots

Derived termsEdit

achres (“genealogical table”)
achydd (“genealogist”)
achyddiaeth (“genealogy”)
achyddol (“genealogical”)
ers achau (“for ages”)

Etymology 2Edit

Alternative formsEdit

och, ych

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /aχ/

InterjectionEdit

ach

yuck

Derived termsEdit

ach-y-fi

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
ach	unchanged	unchanged	hach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ach”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[1] K. Nitsch, editor (1953), “ach”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 15

[2] Ida Kurcz (1990), “ach”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 1

[1]

[2]

		nominative	accusative	dative
1st person singular		ich	mich	miar
2nd person singular	familiar	du	dich	diar
2nd person singular	polite	iart	ach	òich
3rd person singular	m	èar, ar	in, en	iime
	f	zi, ze		iar
	n	es, is	es, 's	iime
1st person plural		bar, bandare	zich	izàndarn
2nd person plural		iart, iartàndare, artàndare	òich, ach	ogàndarn
3rd person plural		ze, zòi, zandare	zich	innàndarn

ach

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

AnagramsEdit

Central FranconianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

ChuukeseEdit

DeterminerEdit

Related termsEdit

CimbrianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronounEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

DescendantsEdit

EsperantoEdit

InterjectionEdit

GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Alternative formsEdit

ConjunctionEdit

PrepositionEdit

Derived termsEdit

AdverbEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Alternative formsEdit

InterjectionEdit

Further readingEdit

Middle Low GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

North FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

NumeralEdit

Old PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

InterjectionEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

Derived termsEdit

TriviaEdit

ReferencesEdit

Further readingEdit

ScotsEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

ReferencesEdit

Scottish GaelicEdit