ach
TranslingualEdit
SymbolEdit
ach
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English ache, from Old French ache, from Latin apium (“parsley”).
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ach (plural aches)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
- An expression of annoyance.
- 1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972:
- "Ach." Auntie frowned hugely. "That is all nonsense."
- An expression of woe or regret.
- Alternative form of och
AnagramsEdit
Central FranconianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
ach
- (Limburgan Ripuarian) eight (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; or describing a set with eight elements)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ach” in d'r nuie Kirchröadsjer Dieksiejoneer 2nd ed., 2017.
ChuukeseEdit
DeterminerEdit
ach
- First-person plural inclusive general possessive; our (inclusive)
Related termsEdit
Small objects, concepts | Large objects, living things | Suffix | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First person | ai | nei | -ei |
Second person | omw, om | noum | -om | |
Third person | an | noun | -an | |
Plural | First person | äm (exclusive) ach (inclusive) |
nöu̇m (exclusive) nöüch (inclusive) |
-em (exclusive) -ach (inclusive) |
Second person | ämi, ami | noumi | -emi | |
Third person | ar | nour | -er |
CimbrianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- òich (plural you only)
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PronounEdit
ach
- (Sette Comuni) accusative of iart: you (plural; polite singular)
See alsoEdit
nominative | accusative | dative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mich | miar | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich | diar |
polite | iart | ach | òich | |
3rd person singular | m | èar, ar | in, en | iime |
f | zi, ze | iar | ||
n | es, is | es, 's | iime | |
1st person plural | bar, bandare |
zich | izàndarn | |
2nd person plural | iart, iartàndare, artàndare |
òich, ach | ogàndarn | |
3rd person plural | ze, zòi, zandare |
zich | innàndarn |
ReferencesEdit
- “ach” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
- oh, expresses compassion, surprise and dismay
DescendantsEdit
EsperantoEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
- H-system spelling of aĉ
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ach, from Old High German ah.
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
- oh, alas (expressing surprise, sorrow, or understanding)
- 1808, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Vor dem Thor”, in Faust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One][1]; republished as Bayard Taylor, transl.,1870:
- Zwey Seelen wohnen, ach! in meiner Brust, / Die eine will sich von der andern trennen;
- Two souls, alas! reside within my breast, / And each withdraws from, and repels, its brother.
- oh (preceding an offhand or annoyed remark)
- oh (preceding an invocation or address, but rarely a solemn one)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ach” in Duden online
- Friedrich Kluge (1883), “ach”, in , John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
- “ach” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *ektos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.
Alternative formsEdit
- acht (obsolete)
ConjunctionEdit
ach
PrepositionEdit
ach (plus nominative, triggers no mutation)
Derived termsEdit
- ach oiread (“as well”) (after a negative)
AdverbEdit
ach
Etymology 2Edit
Alternative formsEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach!
Further readingEdit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “acht”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “ach” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “ach” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Middle Low GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
- oh (an expression of grievance or displeasure)
North FrisianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Frisian achta. Compare West Frisian acht.
NumeralEdit
ach
Old PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *axъ, ultimately a natural expression. First attested in the 14th century..
InterjectionEdit
ach
- ah! (expresses surprise)
DescendantsEdit
- Polish: ach
ReferencesEdit
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “ach”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Old Polish ach, from Proto-Slavic *axъ, ultimately a natural expression. First attested in the 14th century.[1]
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
Derived termsEdit
TriviaEdit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ach is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 0 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 0 times in essays, 10 times in fiction, and 44 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 54 times, making it the 1186th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]
ReferencesEdit
- ^ K. Nitsch, editor (1953), “ach”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 15
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “ach”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 1
Further readingEdit
- ach in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ach in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “ach, ah”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
- Krystyna Siekierska (08.06.2022), “ACH”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814) Słownik języka polskiego[2], volume 1, pages 3-4
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “ach”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ach”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 6
ScotsEdit
EtymologyEdit
In imitation of a cry.
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
- An exclamation of impatience, disappointment, contempt, remonstrance.
- expression of satisfaction or pleasure.
ReferencesEdit
- “ach, int.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Scottish GaelicEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *ektos, from Proto-Indo-European *eghs.
ConjunctionEdit
ach
- but
- Thèid mise ach cha tèid thusa. ― I'll go but you won't [go].
- except, only
- Cha robh ann ach trì daoine. ― There were only three people (literally "there was not there but/except for three people").
Etymology 2Edit
Shortened form of feuch.
ConjunctionEdit
ach
- so that
- Dh'aontaich e ach am biodh adhartas air choireigin ann. ― He agreed so that there would be some progress.
ReferencesEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “acht”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Temascaltepec NahuatlEdit
AdverbEdit
ach
WelshEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Celtic *akkā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekkeh₂ (compare Latin Acca (Larentia), a Roman goddess, Ancient Greek Ἀκκώ (Akkṓ, “nurse of Demeter”), Sanskrit अक्का (akkā, “mother”)).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ach f (plural achau or achoedd)
Derived termsEdit
- achres (“genealogical table”)
- achydd (“genealogist”)
- achyddiaeth (“genealogy”)
- achyddol (“genealogical”)
- ers achau (“for ages”)
Etymology 2Edit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ach
Derived termsEdit
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
ach | unchanged | unchanged | hach |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
ReferencesEdit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ach”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies