Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьcь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic Edit

Etymology Edit

From earlier *-ьkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas, from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos.

Cognate with Lithuanian -ikas, -ikis in siuvikas, siuvikis (< siūti, siùvo), piovikas (reaper) (< piáuti, pióvė).[1]

Cognate with Lithuanian -ingas, Latvian -īgs, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós). Typically, these suffixes fulfill adjectival function (similar to Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ), however, sometimes their derivatives could also act as nominals like in Slavic.

Comparison with other languages points to the antiquity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives.[2]

Suffix Edit

*-ьcь m

  1. (added to nouns) diminutive, small
    *rožьcь (a small horn)*rogъ (horn)
    *obolčьcь (a small cloud)*obolkъ (cloud)
    *gordьcь (a small town)*gordъ (city, town)
  2. (added to adjectives) nominalizer, person
    *starьcь (an old man)*starъ (old,)
    *mǫdrьcь (a wise man)*mǫdrъ (wise)
    *bordatьcь (a bearded man)*bordatъ (bearded (having beard))*borda (beard)
  3. (added to verbs) agent noun, doer
    Synonyms: *-teľь, *-čь, *-ьnikъ
    *šьvьcь (sewer, seamster)*šiti (to sew)
    *plęsьcь (dancer)*plęsati (to dance)
    *lovьcь (hunter)*loviti (to hunt)
    *gǫdьcь (musician)*gǫsti (to play a string instrument)*gǫdti

Declension Edit

See also Edit

Derived terms Edit

Descendants Edit

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)
      Glagolitic: -ⱐⱌⱐ (-ĭcĭ)
    • Bulgarian: -ец (-ec)
    • Macedonian: -ец (-ec)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: -ац, -ец (Kajkavian)
      Latin script: -ac, -ec (Kajkavian)
    • Slovene: -ec
  • West Slavic:

Further reading Edit

  • Šekli, Matej (2012), “Besedotvorni pomeni samostalniških izpeljank v praslovanščini”, in Philological Studies[1] (in Slovene), volume 10, issue 1, Skopje, Perm, Ljubljana, Zagreb, pages 115–32
  • Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 70f

References Edit

  1. ^ Otrębski, Jan (1964), “Славяно-балтийское языковое единство. II. Морфологические явления”, in Вопросы языкознания, issue 6, Москва: Издательство Академии наук СССР, page 28
  2. ^ Brugmann, Karl. (1916) Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen: II. Lehre von den Wortformen und ihrem Gebrauch, 1. Allgemeines, Zusammensetzung (Komposita), Nominalstämme. Strassburg., pp. 487–491