-ik

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ik"

Abenaki

Suffix

-ik

1. A suffix used to form the plurals of some animate words.

Usage notes

• Often used to form the plurals of words (especially nouns denoting people who have particular occupations or activities) which end in the consonant d or t (which causes the d or t to mutate into j: nodabônkad, "baker" → nodabônkajik, "bakers"); only rarely used to form the plurals of words ending in other letters (nodkwaag, notkwahag, "pilot" → nodkwaagik, notkwahagik, "pilots").
• See the usage notes at -ak.

Azerbaijani

Suffix

	preceding vowel
	a / i	e / ə / i̇	o / u	ö / ü
postconsonantal	-ıq	-ik	-uq	-ük
postvocalic	-yıq	-yik	-yuq	-yük

-ik

1. First-person plural present simple copula
   1. [we] are

Basque

Alternative forms

• -rik (after vowels)

Suffix

-ik

1. Partitive suffix.

   ‎etxe (“house”) + ‎-ik → ‎etxerik (“any house?”)

2. Adverbial suffix, -ly

   ‎poz (“joy”) + ‎-ik → ‎pozik (“happy, happily”)

Declension

Basque inflectional suffixes

		indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive		-∅	-a	-ak	-ok
ergative		-(e)k	-ak	-ek
dative		-(r)i	-ari	-ei	-oi
genitive		-(r)en	-aren	-en	-on
comitative		-(r)ekin	-arekin	-ekin	-okin
causative		-(r)engatik	-arengatik	-engatik	-ongatik
benefactive		-(r)entzat	-arentzat	-entzat	-ontzat
instrumental		-(e)z	-az	-ez	-oz
inessive	anim	-(r)engan	-arengan	-engan	-ongan
	inan	-(e)tan	-an	-etan	-otan
locative	anim	―	―	―	―
	inan	-(e)tako	-(e)ko	-etako	-otako
allative	anim	-(r)engana	-arengana	-engana	-ongana
	inan	-(e)tara	-(e)ra	-etara	-otara
terminative	anim	-(r)enganaino	-arenganaino	-enganaino	-onganaino
	inan	-(e)taraino	-(e)raino	-etaraino	-otaraino
directive	anim	-(r)enganantz	-arenganantz	-enganantz	-onganantz
	inan	-(e)tarantz	-(e)rantz	-etarantz	-otarantz
destinative	anim	-(r)enganako	-arenganako	-enganako	-onganako
	inan	-(e)tarako	-(e)rako	-etarako	-otarako
ablative	anim	-(r)engandik	-arengandik	-engandik	-ongandik
	inan	-(e)tatik	-(e)tik	-etik	-otik
partitive		-(r)ik	―	―	―
prolative		-tzat	―	―	―

Derived terms

Basque terms suffixed with -ik

bakarrik

dohainik

gaixorik

jadanik

-larik

-nik

soilik

References

• R. L. Trask (2008) “-ik”, in Max W. Wheeler, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Basque, University of Sussex, page 221

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *-ikos. Cognate with Breton and Welsh -ig.

Suffix

-ik m (plural -igow)

1. Forms diminutives

   ‎hos (“duck”) + ‎-ik → ‎heyji (“duckling”)

   ‎davas (“sheep”) + ‎-ik → ‎davasik (“lamb”)

Derived terms

Cornish terms suffixed with -ik

grugyerik

kerrik

kowanik

legestik

owravalik

pompik

porhellik

unnik

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-ikkoi.

Suffix

-ik (genitive -iku, partitive -ikut)

1. Derives nouns from numerals, with the meaning "group of".

   kaks (“two”) → kaksik (“twin, group of two”)

   kolm (“three”) → kolmik (“triplet, group of three”)

   neli (“four”) → nelik (“quadruplet, four of a kind (poker), group of four”)

Declension

Declension of -ik (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		-ik	-ikud
accusative	nom.
	gen.	-iku
genitive			-ikute
partitive		-ikut	-ikuid
illative		-ikusse	-ikutesse -ikuisse
inessive		-ikus	-ikutes -ikuis
elative		-ikust	-ikutest -ikuist
allative		-ikule	-ikutele -ikuile
adessive		-ikul	-ikutel -ikuil
ablative		-ikult	-ikutelt -ikuilt
translative		-ikuks	-ikuteks -ikuiks
terminative		-ikuni	-ikuteni
essive		-ikuna	-ikutena
abessive		-ikuta	-ikuteta
comitative		-ikuga	-ikutega

Derived terms

Estonian terms suffixed with -ik

hommik

häälik

joodik

kaarik

kaksik

kohvik

kolmik

kuusik

käpik

külmik

laulik

nelik

saadik

sõrmik

üksik

ükssarvik

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin -icus and Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-ɪk/

• Audio:

  (file)

Suffix

-ik

1. forms feminine nouns referring to fields of study
2. forms feminine collective nouns
3. forms feminine nouns referring to characteristics

Derived terms

German terms suffixed with -ik

Anglistik

Architektonik

Astronautik

Forensik

Germanistik

Gotik

Graphemik

Informatik

Kombinatorik

Kriminalistik

Linguistik

Phonemik

Semantik

Skandinavistik

Slawistik

Stilistik

Symptomatik

Thematik

Vietnamistik

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ik]
• Rhymes: -ik

Etymology 1

Adjective suffix.

Suffix

-ik

2. (adjective-forming suffix) A unique identification suffix (often used together with the definite article a/az (“the”)). Used with (chiefly comparative, sometimes superlative) adjectives, answering the question melyik? (“which?”), specifying one out of a specific set of things/persons.

   más (“different”) ― (egy) másik (“another one”) ― a másik (“the other one”)

   rosszabb (“worse”) → a rosszabbik (“the worse one”)

   a kisebbik rossz(at választja) ― (to choose) the lesser of two evils

   A nagyobbik szobában Péter lakik. ― Peter lives in the bigger room (out of a specific set of rooms).

Derived terms

Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -ik

jobbik

kisebbik

legnagyobbik

legrosszabbik

legszebbik

nagyobbik

rosszabbik

szebbik

Hungarian pronouns suffixed with -ik

egyik

másik

Etymology 2

Possessive suffix.

Suffix

-ik

2. possessive suffix for multiple possessions if there is no noun for the possessor:
   1. their ……-s (third-person plural; the pronoun ő (“s/he”) (!) being optional for emphasis)

      kapu (“gate”) → a kapuik, az ő kapuik (“their gates”)

      érme (“coin”) → az érméik, az ő érméik (“their coins”)

   2. (formal) your ……-s (second-person plural, grammatically resembling the third person plural)

      kapu (“gate”) → a kapuik (“your [formal, plural] gates”), alternatively: az önök kapui, a maguk kapui (!)

      érme (“coin”) → az érméik (“your [formal, plural] coins”), alternatively: az önök érméi, a maguk érméi (!)

Usage notes

• (possessive suffix) Variants:

  -ik is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -aik is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -eik is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -jaik is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

  -jeik is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

Etymology 3

Personal suffix.

Suffix

-ik

2. (personal suffix) The ending of a large group of passive/reflexive verbs in indefinite third-person singular present tense, their dictionary form.

   Sokat utazik. ― S/he travels a lot.

4. (personal suffix) Used to form the definite third-person plural present indicative of (front-vowel) verbs.

   Coordinate term: (for back-vowel verbs) -ják

   Megnézik a filmet. ― They will see the movie. [from megnéz (“to look at, to see”), indicating a definite object, here required by a (“the”)]

Usage notes

The above two senses are usually not difficult to distinguish as long as one knows whether the lemma of the verb ends in -ik. If it does, it is usually not a transitive verb (since most -ik verbs have a passive or reflexive meaning) so it will be probably an (indefinite) singular. On the other hand, if the lemma of the verb has no -ik, the only option is the definite plural.

Eszik (“to eat”) is one of the few -ik verbs that are transitive. In such a case, one needs to rely on the definiteness of the object. For more details, see its Usage notes.

    Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes

Person		Back     vowel	Front vowel
			unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-ok	-ek	-ök
	-ik verbs (optional)	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-sz
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-asz	-esz
	after s, sz, z, dz	-ol	-el	-öl
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	–
	-ik verbs	-ik
mi	1st person plural	-unk	-ünk
ti	2nd person plural	-tok	-tek	-tök
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-otok	-etek	-ötök
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-nak	-nek
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anak	-enek
See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

• (personal suffix, definite conjugation) See harmonic variants in the table below.

    Present tense definite – personal endings

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
			unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-od	-ed	-öd
ő maga ön	3rd person singular or formal 2nd person singular	-ja	-i
mi	1st person plural	-juk	-jük
ti	2nd person plural	-játok	-itek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural or formal 2nd person plural	-ják	-ik
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -ik

alszik

aszik

ázik

bánik

bízik

botlik

bukik

bújik

búvik

csempészik

csúszik

-edik

emik

eszik

érik

fázik

fingik

folyik

gyűlik

hajlik

hazudik

hízik

iszik

késik

kopik

kúszik

lakik

lakmározik

mászik

mosdik

nyúlik

-odik

-ödik

ömlik

szarik

szokik

szopik

szökik

szűnik

telik

tojik

törik

történik

tűnik

ugrik

úszik

vadászik

vágyik

válik

züllik

See also

• Category:Hungarian verbs ending in -ik
• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Indonesian

Etymology

From English -ic, from Old French -ique, from Latin -icus, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos, formed with the i-stem suffix *-i- and the adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos.

Suffix

-ik

1. -ic

   analitik ― analytic

Usage notes

The suffix -ik often appears on loaned words from English. Many words with this suffix have synonyms with suffix -is which were loaned from Dutch. However, the Dutch-loaned -is is seemingly preferred over English-loaned -ik. Never used in chemical compound sense.

Derived terms

Category Indonesian terms suffixed with -ik not found

Related terms

• -ikal
• -is
• -at

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-ik̚]
• Hyphenation: -ik

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English -ic, from Old French -ique, from Latin -icus, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos, formed with the i-stem suffix *-i- and the adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos.

Suffix

-ik (Jawi spelling ـيک)

1. -ic.

   saintifik ― scientific

Usage notes

The suffix -ik often appears in loanwords from English. Many words with this suffix have synonyms with the suffix -is many of which were loaned from Dutch through Indonesian, although not all of them are (e.g. gramatis).

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English -ics.

Suffix

-ik (Jawi spelling ـيک)

1. -ics.

   linguistik ― linguistics

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English -ique.

Suffix

-ik (Jawi spelling ـيک)

1. -ique.

   unik ― unique

Derived terms

Malay terms suffixed with -ik

ateistik

atletik

autistik

linguistik

magik

spesifik

taktik

unik

Related terms

• -ikal
• -is
• -at

Middle English

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ik

1. Alternative form of -y

Etymology 2

From Old French -ique, from Latin -icus, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Doublet of -y.

Alternative forms

• -ike, -ique, -ic, -ice

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːk/, /ik/

Suffix

-ik

1. Forms nouns denoting a quality from adjectives; -ic.

Derived terms

Middle English terms suffixed with -ik

angelik

colerik

magik

malencolik

musike

organic

Descendants

• English: -ic

References

• “-ī̆k, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-11-2.

Old Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *-ikъ

Old Polish -ik

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ikъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /iːk/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ik/

Suffix

-ik

1. forms nouns, often diminutive

Derived terms

Old Polish terms suffixed with -ik

arabik

barwik

przeciwnik

zbik

łaziebnik

Descendants

• Polish: -ik

Polish

Alternative forms

• -yk

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *-ikъ

Old Polish -ik

Polish -ik

Inherited from Old Polish -ik.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ik/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ik
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
• Homophone: Ig

Suffix

-ik m

1. forms nouns, often diminutive

   ‎słodki + ‎-ik → ‎słodzik

Declension

Masculine personal:

Declension of -ik

	singular	plural
nominative	-ik	-icy/-iki (deprecative)
genitive	-ika	-ików
dative	-ikowi	-ikom
accusative	-ika	-ików
instrumental	-ikiem	-ikami
locative	-iku	-ikach
vocative	-iku	-icy

Masculine inanimate:

Declension of -ik

	singular	plural
nominative	-ik	-iki
genitive	-ika	-ików
dative	-ikowi	-ikom
accusative	-ik	-iki
instrumental	-ikiem	-ikami
locative	-iku	-ikach
vocative	-iku	-iki

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ik

abonamencik

absurdzik

absyncik

abulik

Adamik

Adasik

addytamencik

adiutancik

adresik

adwokacik

aeroplanik

afekcik

agencik

akademik

akcencik

akcik

akcydensik

akordeonik

akordzik

albumik

alchemik

alergik

algebraik

alkoholik

amancik

ambitnik

Ambrozik

anabolik

andrucik

anemik

Anglik

antonik

Antosik

aparacik

apartamencik

apetycik

argumencik

arkusik

aromacik

arsenalik

artykulik

arystotelik

asik

astenik

atlasik

atopik

atucik

autobusik

autoportrecik

awansik

bachmacik

bacik

bagiennik

bagnecik

balasik

balecik

balik

balkonik

balonik

bałaganik

bankiecik

banknocik

barglik

barwik

barwnik

basenik

bastionik

batalionik

batonik

bawolik

bażancik

becik

bekasik

bełkocik

berecik

bezdusznik

bezecnik

bezokolicznik

bibelocik

bidecik

biedaszybik

bielik

biernik

bigosik

bilansik

bilardzik

bilecik

biochemik

biszkopcik

biuścik

biznesik

blacik

bobik

bocznik

borowik

brodzik

brunecik

brylancik

brzmik

bucik

budzik

bufecik

bukiecik

bulik

buncik

burdelik

cennik

charcik

chodzik

chołosznik

chruścik

ciągnik

ciemiernik

ciernik

cosik

cyferblacik

cyrulik

czarcikęsik

czernik

Czerwik

czubik

Ćwiklik

daremnik

dąsik

dekolcik

delikacik

delikatesik

dębik

diablik

diamencik

dławik

dowodzik

drabik

dresik

dropik

droździk

drucik

drzewik

dymik

dywanik

ekonomik

etacik

facecik

filmik

flakonik

flecik

fotelik

fotografik

fusik

futeralik

gaik

gazik

geszefcik

gładzik

głąbik

głosik

gnacik

gorsecik

goździk

grosik

grubogonik

grymasik

grzbiecik

gupik

guścik

guzik

gwoździk

gzik

gzymsik

hełmik

hotelik

inteligencik

jabłecznik

jajecznik

Janik

-iczka

kaftanik

kajecik

kaktusik

kapelusik

kapitalik

karlik

karmik

karnecik

karpik

kartonik

kaszkiecik

kasztelik

kawalik

Kazik

kącik

kąkolik

klejnocik

kleksik

klimacik

klombik

klonik

klopsik

klubik

kłopocik

Further reading

• -ik in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ikъ.

Suffix

-ik (Cyrillic spelling -ик)

1. Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.

See also

• -nik
• -enik
• -ovnik
• -evnik

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ik]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ikъ.

Suffix

-ik m

1. alternative form of suffix -ík after roots in a long vowel or a diphthong

   ‎vták + ‎-ik → ‎vtáčik

   ‎hriešny + ‎-ik → ‎hriešnik

Related terms

• -ík
• -ník ~ -nik
• -íčka ~ -ička

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin -icus or Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós).

Suffix

-ik m

1. fictive suffix in case when both an occupational name in -ik and its base noun were borrowed

   ‎akadémia + ‎-ik → ‎akademik

Related terms

• -ička

Declension

• Declension in case of an inanimate noun according to the declension pattern dub:

Declension of -ik

	singular	plural
nominative	-ik	-iky
genitive	-ika	-ikov
dative	-iku	-ikom
accusative	-ik	-iky
locative	-iku	-ikoch
instrumental	-ikom	-ikmi

• Declension in case of an animate noun according to the declension pattern chlap:

Declension of -ik

	singular	plural
nominative	-ik	-ici
genitive	-ika	-ikov
dative	-ikovi	-ikom
accusative	-ika	-ikov
locative	-ikovi	-ikoch
instrumental	-ikom	-ikmi

Further reading

• Pauliny, Eugen - Ružička, Jozef - Štolc, Jozef (1968), Slovenská gramatika (in Slovak), 5th edition, Bratislava: Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo, pages 145-152
• -ik in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

Turkish

preceding vowel
a / ı	e / i	o / u	ö / ü
-ık	-ik	-uk	-ük

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish ـیق (-ik) as well as Ottoman Turkish وق (-uk), from Proto-Turkic *-uk, synonymous to Proto-Turkic *-ïg.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɯk/, /ic/, /uk/, /yc/

Suffix

-ik

1. Derives participle forms of verbs; adjectival and/or resulting state or product of the action.

   ‎aç- (“to open”) + ‎-ık → ‎açık (“open, opened”)

   ‎del- (“to drill, to poke a hole”) + ‎-ik → ‎delik (“hole, pierced”)

   ‎boz- (“to break, to damage”) + ‎-uk → ‎bozuk (“broken, damaged”)

   ‎düş- (“to fall”) + ‎-ük → ‎düşük (“fallen, low”)

   ‎iste- (“to want”) + ‎-k → ‎istek (“request, want”)

   ‎dile- (“to wish”) + ‎-k → ‎dilek (“wish, desire”)

Derived terms

Turkish terms suffixed with -ik

acıklı

açık

atık

ayık

birleşik

bozuk

bölük

bulaşık

buruşuk

buyruk

değişik

donuk

düşük

emzik

eriyik

fışkırık

göyük

hapşırık

ılık

ısırık

isteksizce

kabarık

kaçık

karışık

katık

kazık

kırık

kırışık

kırpık

kıvrık

kuduruk

öksürük

salık

sapık

sarkık

seyrek

sikik

soğuk

sürtük

tanık

tepik

tümsek

ucubik

uyanık

üfürük

yakışık

yaklaşık

yanık

yapışık

yaratık

yarık

yıkık

Etymology 2

From French -ique, from Latin -icus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ic/

Suffix

-ik

1. -ic
2. -ical

Derived terms

Turkish terms suffixed with -ik (-ic)

etimolojik

metalürjik

Veps

Alternative forms

• -k

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-ko. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. -i-

Particle

-ik

1. Interrogative particle. It is attached to the finite verb in yes-no questions, which is then placed first in the sentence.

Volapük

Suffix

-ik

1. Used to form adjectives and determiners.