asper
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English aspre, from Old French aspre (modern French âpre), from Latin asper (“rough”).
Alternative forms edit
Adjective edit
asper (comparative more asper, superlative most asper)
- (obsolete) Rough or harsh; severe, stern, serious.
- 1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
- An asper sound.
Noun edit
asper (uncountable)
- (phonetics, obsolete) Rough breathing; a mark (#) indicating that part of a word is aspirated, or pronounced with h before it.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle English asper, from Middle French aspre or Italian aspro, both from Ancient Greek ἄσπρον (áspron), from neuter of ἄσπρος (áspros, “white”), from Latin asper (“rough, newly minted”).
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
asper (plural aspers)
- (historical) Any one of several small coins, circulated around the eastern Mediterranean area from the 12th to 17th centuries.
- 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 40, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
- And for ten Aspers you shall daily finde some amongst them, that will give themselves a deepe gash with a Scimitarie, either in their armes or thighes.
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
Probably from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂esp- (“to cut”), also present in Ancient Greek ἀσπίς (aspís) and Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈas.per/, [ˈäs̠pɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈas.per/, [ˈäsper]
Adjective edit
asper (feminine aspera, neuter asperum, comparative asperior, superlative asperrimus, adverb asperē); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)
Declension edit
First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | asper | aspera | asperum | asperī | asperae | aspera | |
Genitive | asperī | asperae | asperī | asperōrum | asperārum | asperōrum | |
Dative | asperō | asperō | asperīs | ||||
Accusative | asperum | asperam | asperum | asperōs | asperās | aspera | |
Ablative | asperō | asperā | asperō | asperīs | |||
Vocative | asper | aspera | asperum | asperī | asperae | aspera |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “asper”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “asper”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- asper in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) rough and hilly ground: loca aspera et montuosa (Planc. 9. 22)
- (ambiguous) rough and hilly ground: loca aspera et montuosa (Planc. 9. 22)
- “asper”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “asper”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Anagrams edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Noun edit
asper m or f
- indefinite plural of asp