caru
AsturianEdit
EtymologyEdit
AdjectiveEdit
caru m sg (feminine singular cara, neuter singular caro, masculine plural caros, feminine plural cares)
AntonymsEdit
LatvianEdit
NounEdit
caru m
Old EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *karu, from Proto-Germanic *karō. Cognate with Old Saxon kara, Old High German kara, Old Norse kǫr (“sickbed”), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰 (kara).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
caru f
Usage notesEdit
The declension table below shows the inherited forms of caru, with a-restoration before back vowels and palatalization and palatal diphthongization before front vowels. This distinction was often leveled in both directions, giving alternative forms such as nom. sg. ċearu and dat. sg. care.
DeclensionEdit
Declension of caru (strong ō-stem)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
WelshEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).
PronunciationEdit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈkarɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈka(ː)ri/
- Rhymes: -arɨ
VerbEdit
caru (first-person singular present caraf)
- (transitive) to love, like
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation (literary)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | caraf | ceri | câr, cara | carwn | cerwch, carwch | carant | cerir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
carwn | carit | carai | carem | carech | carent | cerid | |
preterite | cerais | ceraist | carodd | carasom | carasoch | carasant | carwyd | |
pluperfect | caraswn | carasit | carasai | carasem | carasech | carasent | carasid, caresid | |
present subjunctive | carwyf | cerych | caro | carom | caroch | caront | carer | |
imperative | — | cara | cared | carwn | cerwch, carwch | carent | carer | |
verbal noun | caru | |||||||
verbal adjectives | caredig caradwy |
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | cara i, caraf i | cari di | carith o/e/hi, cariff e/hi | carwn ni | carwch chi | caran nhw |
conditional | carwn i, carswn i | caret ti, carset ti | carai fo/fe/hi, carsai fo/fe/hi | caren ni, carsen ni | carech chi, carsech chi | caren nhw, carsen nhw |
preterite | carais i, cares i | caraist ti, carest ti | carodd o/e/hi | caron ni | caroch chi | caron nhw |
imperative | — | cara | — | — | carwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Related termsEdit
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
caru | garu | ngharu | charu |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “caru”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies