comprendre
See also: comprendré
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin comprendere, late form of comprehendere, present active infinitive of comprehendō.
PronunciationEdit
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /komˈp(ɾ)ən.dɾə/
- (Central) IPA(key): /kumˈp(ɾ)ɛn.dɾə/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /komˈp(ɾ)en.dɾe/
Audio (file)
VerbEdit
comprendre (first-person singular present comprenc, past participle comprès)
- to include
- Synonym: incloure
- to incorporate, to contain
- Synonyms: incorporar, contenir
- to comprehend, to understand, to grasp
- Synonym: entendre
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of comprendre (second conjugation with velar infix, irregular past participle)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- 1998, Joan Baptista Xuriguera, Els Verbs Catalans Conjugats, 35th edition, Editorial Claret, →ISBN, page 24:
- “comprendre” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French, from Latin comprehendere.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
comprendre
- to understand, comprehend
- 2014, Paradis, Garde-le pour toi
- C'est sûr que t'as déjà de la compagnie. J' comprendrai, t'inquiète, si tu m'oublies. Mais si un jour tu te rappelais de moi, je serais certainement pas loin d' toi.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- J'ai compris maintenant. ― I understand now. (lit. I have understood now.)
- Il est trop intelligent pour ne pas comprendre ce que vous lui avez dit.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Est-ce que vous avez bien compris ?
- Did you understand?
- „Est-ce que tu comprends ce qu'il dit ?” „Je ne comprends même pas ce que je dis moi.”
- "Do you understand what he's saying?" "I don't even understand what I'm saying."
- 2014, Paradis, Garde-le pour toi
- to comprise, include
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, reciprocal) to know each other well or intimately
- Quoique leurs goûts fussent différents, ces deux amis se comprenaient à merveille.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to be comprehensible or conceivable
ConjugationEdit
This verb is conjugated on the model of prendre. That means it is quite irregular, with the following patterns:
- In the infinitive, in the singular forms of the present indicative, and in the future and the conditional, it is conjugated like rendre, perdre, etc. (sometimes called the regular -re verbs).
- In the plural forms of the present indicative and imperative, in the imperfect indicative, in the present subjunctive, and in the present participle, it is conjugated like appeler or jeter, using the stem comprenn- before mute 'e' and the stem compren- elsewhere.
- In the past participle, and in the past historic and the imperfect subjunctive, its conjugation resembles that of mettre.
Conjugation of comprendre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | comprendre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | comprenant /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | compris /kɔ̃.pʁi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | comprends /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/ |
comprends /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/ |
comprend /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/ |
comprenons /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɔ̃/ |
comprenez /kɔ̃.pʁə.ne/ |
comprennent /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/ |
| imperfect | comprenais /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/ |
comprenais /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/ |
comprenait /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/ |
comprenions /kɔ̃.pʁə.njɔ̃/ |
compreniez /kɔ̃.pʁə.nje/ |
comprenaient /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | compris /kɔ̃.pʁi/ |
compris /kɔ̃.pʁi/ |
comprit /kɔ̃.pʁi/ |
comprîmes /kɔ̃.pʁim/ |
comprîtes /kɔ̃.pʁit/ |
comprirent /kɔ̃.pʁiʁ/ | |
| future | comprendrai /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁe/ |
comprendras /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁa/ |
comprendra /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁa/ |
comprendrons /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
comprendrez /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁe/ |
comprendront /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | comprendrais /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
comprendrais /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
comprendrait /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
comprendrions /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
comprendriez /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁi.je/ |
comprendraient /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | comprenne /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/ |
comprennes /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/ |
comprenne /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/ |
comprenions /kɔ̃.pʁə.njɔ̃/ |
compreniez /kɔ̃.pʁə.nje/ |
comprennent /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/ |
| imperfect2 | comprisse /kɔ̃.pʁis/ |
comprisses /kɔ̃.pʁis/ |
comprît /kɔ̃.pʁi/ |
comprissions /kɔ̃.pʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
comprissiez /kɔ̃.pʁi.sje/ |
comprissent /kɔ̃.pʁis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | comprends /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/ |
— | comprenons /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɔ̃/ |
comprenez /kɔ̃.pʁə.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “comprendre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
OccitanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
comprendre (Provençal)
- (transitive) to understand
Further readingEdit
- Simon-Jude Honnorat, Dictionnaire Provençal-Français (tome 1, A-D), Repos, Digne, 1846, page 569. (as coumprendre).