confondre

See also: confondré

Catalan

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Latin cōnfundere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [kuɱˈfon.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [koɱˈfon.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [koɱˈfon.dɾe]

Verb

confondre (first-person singular present confonc, first-person singular preterite confonguí, past participle confós); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /o/

1. to mix thoroughly or completely
2. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to confound, to confuse

   confondre’s les coses ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of confondre (second conjugation, irregular, with velar infix)

infinitive			confondre
gerund			confonent
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		confós		confosa
		plural		confosos		confoses
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	confonc	confons	confon	confonem	confoneu	confonen
	imperfect	confonia	confonies	confonia	confoníem	confoníeu	confonien
	future	confondré	confondràs	confondrà	confondrem	confondreu	confondran
	preterite	confonguí	confongueres	confongué	confonguérem	confonguéreu	confongueren
	conditional	confondria	confondries	confondria	confondríem	confondríeu	confondrien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	confongui	confonguis	confongui	confonguem	confongueu	confonguin
	imperfect	confongués	confonguessis	confongués	confonguéssim	confonguéssiu	confonguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	confon	confongui	confonguem	confoneu	confonguin
	negative (no)	—	no confonguis	no confongui	no confonguem	no confongueu	no confonguin

Derived terms

• confondre's

Related terms

• confusió

Further reading

• “confondre” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “confondre”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “confondre” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “confondre” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French confondre, borrowed from Latin cōnfundere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ̃.fɔ̃dʁ/

• audio

  (file)

Verb

confondre

1. to confuse, confound

   Son comportement m’a toujours confondu. ― His behavior always confused me.

   Est-ce que tu essaies de me confondre ? ― Are you trying to confuse me?

2. (reflexive, with à) to mix in, to merge
3. (reflexive, with avec) to mix up, to get confused (with)
4. (reflexive) to coincide
5. (reflexive) to be overflowing with, to be profuse with

   Je me confonds en excuses. ― I am apologizing profusely.

Conjugation

Conjugation of confondre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	confondre
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	confondant /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		confondu /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dy/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	confonds /kɔ̃.fɔ̃/	confonds /kɔ̃.fɔ̃/	confond /kɔ̃.fɔ̃/	confondons /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɔ̃/	confondez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.de/	confondent /kɔ̃.fɔ̃d/
	imperfect	confondais /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɛ/	confondais /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɛ/	confondait /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɛ/	confondions /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.djɔ̃/	confondiez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dje/	confondaient /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɛ/
	past historic2	confondis /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.di/	confondis /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.di/	confondit /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.di/	confondîmes /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dim/	confondîtes /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dit/	confondirent /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.diʁ/
	future	confondrai /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁe/	confondras /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁa/	confondra /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁa/	confondrons /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/	confondrez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁe/	confondront /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	confondrais /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁɛ/	confondrais /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁɛ/	confondrait /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁɛ/	confondrions /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	confondriez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁi.je/	confondraient /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	confonde /kɔ̃.fɔ̃d/	confondes /kɔ̃.fɔ̃d/	confonde /kɔ̃.fɔ̃d/	confondions /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.djɔ̃/	confondiez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dje/	confondent /kɔ̃.fɔ̃d/
	imperfect2	confondisse /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dis/	confondisses /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dis/	confondît /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.di/	confondissions /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.di.sjɔ̃/	confondissiez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.di.sje/	confondissent /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	confonds /kɔ̃.fɔ̃/	—	confondons /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.dɔ̃/	confondez /kɔ̃.fɔ̃.de/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• confus
• confusion

Further reading

• “confondre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Old French

Alternative forms

• cunfundre (Anglo-Norman)

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin confundere, present active infinitive of confundō.

Verb

confondre

1. to destroy; to annihilate

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of confondre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		confondre			avoir confondu, confus
gerund		en confondant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		confondant
past participle		confondu, confus
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	confont	confonz	confont	confondons	confondez	confondent
	imperfect	confondoie, confondeie	confondoies, confondeies	confondoit, confondeit	confondiiens, confondiens	confondiiez, confondiez	confondoient, confondeient
	preterite	confondi	confondis	confondi	confondimes	confondistes	confondirent
	future	confondrai	confondras	confondra	confondrons	confondroiz, confondreiz, confondrez	confondront
	conditional	confondroie, confondreie	confondroies, confondreies	confondroit, confondreit	confondriiens, confondriens	confondriiez, confondriez	confondroient, confondreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	confonde	confondes	confonde	confondons	confondez	confondent
	imperfect	confondisse	confondisses	confondist	confondissons, confondissiens	confondissoiz, confondissez, confondissiez	confondissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	confont	—	confondons	confondez	—

Descendants

• → English: confound
• French: confondre