Galician
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Etymology
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From Old Galician-Portuguese madrugar, madurgar (the latter att. 13th. c., Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *mātūricāre, derived from Latin maturāre (“hurry”) (whence Galician madurar).
Pronunciation
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madrugar (first-person singular present madrugo, first-person singular preterite madruguei, past participle madrugado)
- to get up early
Conjugation
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Conjugation of madrugar (g-gu alternation)
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Singular
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Plural
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First-person (eu)
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Second-person (ti / tu)
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Third-person (ele / ela / você)
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First-person (nós)
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Second-person (vós)
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Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
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Infinitive
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Impersonal
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madrugar
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Personal
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madrugar
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madrugares
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madrugar
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madrugarmos
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madrugardes
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madrugarem
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Gerund
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madrugando
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Past participle
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Masculine
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madrugado
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madrugados
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Feminine
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madrugada
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madrugadas
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Indicative
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Present
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madrugo
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madrugas
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madruga
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madrugamos
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madrugades, madrugais
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madrugam
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Imperfect
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madrugava
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madrugavas
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madrugava
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madrugávamos
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madrugávades, madrugáveis, madrugávais1
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madrugavam
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Preterite
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madruguei
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madrugaste, madrugache1
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madrugou
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madrugamos
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madrugastes
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madrugárom, madrugaram
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Pluperfect
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madrugara
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madrugaras
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madrugara
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madrugáramos
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madrugárades, madrugáreis, madrugárais1
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madrugaram
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Future
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madrugarei
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madrugarás
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madrugará
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madrugaremos
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madrugaredes, madrugareis
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madrugarám, madrugarão
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Conditional
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madrugaria
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madrugarias
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madrugaria
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madrugaríamos
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madrugaríades, madrugaríeis, madrugaríais1
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madrugariam
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Subjunctive
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Present
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madrugue
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madrugues
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madrugue
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madruguemos
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madruguedes, madrugueis
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madruguem
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Imperfect
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madrugasse
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madrugasses
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madrugasse
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madrugássemos
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madrugássedes, madrugásseis
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madrugassem
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Future
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madrugar
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madrugares
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madrugar
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madrugarmos
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madrugardes
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madrugarem
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Imperative
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Affirmative
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madruga
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madrugue
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madruguemos
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madrugade, madrugai
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madruguem
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Negative (nom)
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nom madrugues
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nom madrugue
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nom madruguemos
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nom madruguedes, nom madrugueis
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nom madruguem
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Derived terms
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References
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- “madurgar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “madrug” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “madrugar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “madrugar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “madrugar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “madrugar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “madrugar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
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Etymology
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From Old Spanish madrugar, madurgar, from Vulgar Latin *mātūricāre, derived from Latin maturāre (“hurry”) (whence Spanish madurar).
Pronunciation
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- IPA(key): /madɾuˈɡaɾ/ [ma.ð̞ɾuˈɣ̞aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ma‧dru‧gar
madrugar (first-person singular present madrugo, first-person singular preterite madrugué, past participle madrugado)
- to get up early
Conjugation
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1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of madrugar (g-gu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
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singular
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plural
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1st person
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2nd person
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3rd person
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1st person
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2nd person
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3rd person
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with infinitive madrugar
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dative
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madrugarme
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madrugarte
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madrugarle, madrugarse
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madrugarnos
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madrugaros
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madrugarles, madrugarse
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accusative
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madrugarme
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madrugarte
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madrugarlo, madrugarla, madrugarse
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madrugarnos
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madrugaros
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madrugarlos, madrugarlas, madrugarse
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with gerund madrugando
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dative
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madrugándome
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madrugándote
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madrugándole, madrugándose
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madrugándonos
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madrugándoos
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madrugándoles, madrugándose
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accusative
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madrugándome
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madrugándote
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madrugándolo, madrugándola, madrugándose
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madrugándonos
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madrugándoos
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madrugándolos, madrugándolas, madrugándose
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with informal second-person singular tú imperative madruga
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dative
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madrúgame
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madrúgate
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madrúgale
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madrúganos
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not used
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madrúgales
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accusative
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madrúgame
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madrúgate
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madrúgalo, madrúgala
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madrúganos
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not used
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madrúgalos, madrúgalas
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with informal second-person singular vos imperative madrugá
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dative
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madrugame
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madrugate
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madrugale
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madruganos
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not used
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madrugales
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accusative
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madrugame
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madrugate
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madrugalo, madrugala
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madruganos
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not used
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madrugalos, madrugalas
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with formal second-person singular imperative madrugue
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dative
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madrúgueme
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not used
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madrúguele, madrúguese
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madrúguenos
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not used
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madrúgueles
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accusative
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madrúgueme
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not used
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madrúguelo, madrúguela, madrúguese
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madrúguenos
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not used
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madrúguelos, madrúguelas
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with first-person plural imperative madruguemos
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dative
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not used
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madruguémoste
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madruguémosle
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madruguémonos
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madruguémoos
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madruguémosles
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accusative
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not used
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madruguémoste
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madruguémoslo, madruguémosla
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madruguémonos
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madruguémoos
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madruguémoslos, madruguémoslas
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with informal second-person plural imperative madrugad
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dative
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madrugadme
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not used
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madrugadle
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madrugadnos
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madrugaos
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madrugadles
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accusative
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madrugadme
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not used
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madrugadlo, madrugadla
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madrugadnos
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madrugaos
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madrugadlos, madrugadlas
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with formal second-person plural imperative madruguen
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dative
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madrúguenme
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not used
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madrúguenle
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madrúguennos
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not used
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madrúguenles, madrúguense
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accusative
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madrúguenme
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not used
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madrúguenlo, madrúguenla
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madrúguennos
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not used
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madrúguenlos, madrúguenlas, madrúguense
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Derived terms
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Further reading
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