medius

See also: médius

English

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin from Latin medius (“middle”). See medium. Doublet of minge and middle.

Noun

medius (plural medii)

1. (anatomy) The middle finger; the third digit, or that which corresponds to it.

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for medius in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *meðjos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”). Cognate with Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos), Sanskrit मध्य (mádhya), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀‎ (maⁱδiiāna), Old Armenian մէջ (mēǰ), Persian میان‎ (miân) and Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌹𐍃 (midjis).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈme.di.us/, [ˈmɛd̪iʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈme.di.us/, [ˈmɛːd̪ius]

Adjective

medius (feminine media, neuter medium, comparative magis medius or medior, superlative medioximus); first/second-declension adjective

1. middle, mid

   media pars corporis; medium corpus ― the waist

   media nox ― midnight

   media urbs ― the middle of the city

   urbs media ― the middle city

   in mediās rēs ― into the middle of things

2. half
3. moderate
4. indifferent, undecided

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	medius	media	medium		mediī	mediae	media
Genitive	mediī	mediae	mediī		mediōrum	mediārum	mediōrum
Dative	mediō		mediō		mediīs
Accusative	medium	mediam	medium		mediōs	mediās	media
Ablative	mediō	mediā	mediō		mediīs
Vocative	medie	media	medium		mediī	mediae	media

Derived terms

• mediānus
• mediastīnus
• mediē
• medietās
• mediō
• mediocris
• Mediolatīnitās
• Mediolatīnus
• mediterrāneus
• meditullium
• medium
• medulla
• merīdiēs

Descendants

• → Aragonese: medio; media (“sock”), meyo, micho; meya (“sock”)
• Aromanian: njedz, njedzu
• → Asturian: mediu, → midiu; → media (“sock; measure”)
• Catalan: mig
• Dalmatian: mesu
• → English: medius; → media
  • → Portuguese: mídia
  • → Russian: медиа (media)
• French: mi-
• Friulian: mieç, mieğ
• → Italian: medio; → media
  • → Sardinian: media
• Italian: mezzo
• Neapolitan: miezzo, mienzo
  • → Sardinian: mezu
• Occitan: mièg, miei
• Old Portuguese: meio
  • Portuguese: meio
• Old Spanish: meo
• → Portuguese: médio, → média
• → Romanian: mediu; → medie, miez
• Romansch: mez, miez
• Sardinian: meiu; ⇒ mesu (crossed with mēnsus)
• Sicilian: mezzu, menzu
• → Spanish: medio; → media
  • → Sardinian: mediu
• Venetian: mezo, mexo, miso

References

• “medius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “medius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• medius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• medius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the temperate zone: orbis medius
    
  • to rush into the midst of the foe: in medios hostes se inicere
    
  • to break through the enemy's centre: per medios hostes (mediam hostium aciem) perrumpere
    
  • (ambiguous) the Mediterranean Sea: mare medium or internum
    
  • (ambiguous) the middle ages: media quae vocatur aetas
    
  • (ambiguous) manhood: aetas constans, media, firmata, corroborata (not virilis)
    
  • (ambiguous) to become known, become a topic of common conversation (used of things): foras efferri, palam fieri, percrebrescere, divulgari, in medium proferri, exire, emanare
    
  • (ambiguous) elevated, moderate, plain style: genus dicendi grave or grande, medium, tenue (cf. Or. 5. 20; 6. 21)
    
  • (ambiguous) to bring a subject forward into discussion: in medium proferre aliquid
    
  • (ambiguous) to break off in the middle of the conversation: medium sermonem abrumpere (Verg. Aen. 4. 388)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be neutral: medium esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be neutral: medium se gerere
    
  • (ambiguous) the centre of the marching column: agmen medium (Liv. 10. 41)
    
  • (ambiguous) the centre: media acies
    
• “medius”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray