Etymology
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From Proto-Italic *mikskō (“to mix”), from Proto-Indo-European *miḱ-sḱé-, inchoative present of *meyǵ-, *meyḱ- (“to mix”). The second conjugation of this verb is unexplained. Cognate with Old High German miskian, miskan (“to mix”) (German mischen), Welsh mysgu (“to mix”), Ancient Greek μίγνυμι (mígnumi, “to mix”), Old Church Slavonic мѣсити (měsiti, “to mix”), Lithuanian mišti and maišyti (“to mix”), Sanskrit मिश्र (miśra, “mixed”), Persian آمیختن (âmixtan, “mix”); Old English māsc (“mixture, mash”). More at mash.[1]
Pronunciation
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misceō (present infinitive miscēre, perfect active miscuī, supine mixtum or mistum); second conjugation
- to mix
- Synonyms: commisceō, cōnfundō
- to mingle, intermingle
405 CE,
Jerome,
Vulgate Proverbs.14.13:
- Rīsus dolōre miscēbitur, et extrēma gaudiī lūctus occupat
- Laughter shall be mingled with sorrow, and mourning taketh hold of the end of joy.
(Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)
- (poetic) a disturbance of the natural order, as in a storm: to disturb, to throw into confusion, to confuse, confound, embroil
29 BCE – 19 BCE,
Virgil,
Aeneid 1.133-134:
- “Iam caelum terramque meō sine nūmine, ventī,
miscēre, et tantās audētis tollere mōlēs?”- “Now heaven and earth – without my divine assent, you winds! – you dare to disturb, and raise such swells [of seawater]?”
(Neptune upbraids the winds.)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of misceō (second conjugation)
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indicative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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misceō
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miscēs
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miscet
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miscēmus
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miscētis
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miscent
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imperfect
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miscēbam
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miscēbās
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miscēbat
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miscēbāmus
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miscēbātis
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miscēbant
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future
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miscēbō
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miscēbis
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miscēbit
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miscēbimus
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miscēbitis
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miscēbunt
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perfect
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miscuī
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miscuistī
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miscuit
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miscuimus
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miscuistis
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miscuērunt, miscuēre
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pluperfect
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miscueram
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miscuerās
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miscuerat
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miscuerāmus
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miscuerātis
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miscuerant
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future perfect
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miscuerō
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miscueris
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miscuerit
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miscuerimus
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miscueritis
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miscuerint
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passive
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present
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misceor
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miscēris, miscēre
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miscētur
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miscēmur
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miscēminī
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miscentur
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imperfect
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miscēbar
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miscēbāris, miscēbāre
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miscēbātur
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miscēbāmur
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miscēbāminī
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miscēbantur
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future
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miscēbor
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miscēberis, miscēbere
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miscēbitur
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miscēbimur
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miscēbiminī
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miscēbuntur
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perfect
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mixtus or mistus + present active indicative of sum
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pluperfect
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mixtus or mistus + imperfect active indicative of sum
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future perfect
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mixtus or mistus + future active indicative of sum
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subjunctive
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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misceam
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misceās
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misceat
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misceāmus
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misceātis
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misceant
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imperfect
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miscērem
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miscērēs
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miscēret
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miscērēmus
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miscērētis
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miscērent
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perfect
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miscuerim
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miscuerīs
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miscuerit
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miscuerīmus
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miscuerītis
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miscuerint
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pluperfect
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miscuissem
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miscuissēs
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miscuisset
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miscuissēmus
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miscuissētis
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miscuissent
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passive
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present
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miscear
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misceāris, misceāre
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misceātur
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misceāmur
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misceāminī
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misceantur
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imperfect
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miscērer
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miscērēris, miscērēre
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miscērētur
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miscērēmur
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miscērēminī
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miscērentur
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perfect
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mixtus or mistus + present active subjunctive of sum
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pluperfect
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mixtus or mistus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
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imperative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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—
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miscē
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—
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—
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miscēte
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—
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future
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—
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miscētō
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miscētō
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—
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miscētōte
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miscentō
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passive
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present
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—
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miscēre
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—
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—
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miscēminī
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—
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future
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—
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miscētor
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miscētor
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—
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—
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miscentor
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non-finite forms
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active
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passive
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present
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perfect
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future
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present
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perfect
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future
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infinitives
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miscēre
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miscuisse
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mixtūrum esse, mistūrum esse
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miscērī, miscērier1 |
mixtum esse, mistum esse
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mixtum īrī, mistum īrī
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participles
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miscēns
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—
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mixtūrus, mistūrus
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—
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mixtus, mistus
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miscendus
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verbal nouns
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gerund
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supine
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genitive
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dative
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accusative
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ablative
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accusative
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ablative
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miscendī
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miscendō
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miscendum
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miscendō
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mixtum, mistum
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mixtū, mistū
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1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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References
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- “misceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “misceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- misceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to cause universal disorder: omnia turbare ac miscere
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “misceō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 382-383