Wiktionary

rath

See also: Rath, ráth, räth, -rath, and -raþ

English

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Old Irish ráth.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rath (plural raths)

  1. (historical) A walled enclosure, especially in Ireland; a ringfort built sometime between the Iron Age and the Viking Age.
    • 1907, James Woods, Annals of Westmeath, Ancient and Modern:
      There are numerous Danish raths in the parish.
    • 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 1, in The Whisperer in Darkness:
      Those with Celtic legendry in their heritage—mainly the Scotch-Irish element of New Hampshire, and their kindred who had settled in Vermont on Governor Wentworth’s colonial grants—linked them vaguely with the malign fairies and “little people” of the bogs and raths, and protected themselves with scraps of incantation handed down through many generations.
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Translations
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Etymology 2

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From Hindi रथ (rath), from Sanskrit रथ (ratha).

Noun

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rath (plural raths)

  1. A Burmese carriage of state.

Etymology 3

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Adjective

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rath (comparative more rath, superlative most rath)

  1. Alternative form of rathe.

Anagrams

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Cornish

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Noun

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rath f (plural rathes)

  1. rat

Synonyms

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German

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Verb

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rath

  1. singular imperative of rathen

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish rath (“grace, virtue”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”).[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rath m (genitive singular ratha)

  1. (literary) bestowal, grant; grace, favour; gift, bounty
  2. prosperity
  3. abundance
  4. usefulness, good

Declension

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Declension of rath

Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative rath
Vocative a rath
Genitive ratha
Dative rath

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an rath
Genitive an ratha
Dative leis an rath

don rath

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 rath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “frato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 140
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 106, page 58

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”),[1] from the root of *ɸarnati (“bestow”) (whence ernaid), from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”) (whence also Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”), Latin parō (“prepare”).[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rath n (genitive raith)

  1. verbal noun of ernaid
  2. grace, virtue
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 33b8
      Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.
      Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.

Declension

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Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative rathN rathN rathL, ratha
Vocative rathN rathN rathL, ratha
Accusative rathN rathN rathL, ratha
Genitive raithL rath rathN
Dative rathL rathaib rathaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: rath

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
rath
also rrath after a proclitic
ending in a vowel 		rath
pronounced with /r(ʲ)-/ 		unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “frato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 140
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “far-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 122

Further reading

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Old Saxon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *raþ, from Proto-Germanic *raþą (“wheel”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rath n

  1. wheel

Declension

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Declension of rath (neuter a-stem)
singular plural
nominative rath rathu
accusative rath rathu
genitive rathes rathō
dative rathe rathum
instrumental — —


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