rudens

Contents

Danish

Noun

rudens c

1. genitive singular definite of rude

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Latin

Etymology

Uncertain; proposed derivations include:

• From a Proto-Indo-European root related to German Riemen (“belt, strap”) and Old English rēoma (“membrane”).
• From a root common to Ancient Greek ἐρύω (erúō, “to drag, draw”), ῥυμός (rhumós, “pole”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈru.dens/, [ˈrʊ.dẽːs]

Noun

rudēns m (genitive rudentis); third declension

1. A rope, line, cord.
2. A halyard, stay, sheet.
3. (in the plural) The rigging, cordage.

Inflection

Note that rudentium is an alternative form for the genitive plural rudentum and rudenti is an alternative form for the ablative singular rudente. Third declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rudēns	rudentēs
Genitive	rudentis	rudentum
Dative	rudentī	rudentibus
Accusative	rudentem	rudentēs
Ablative	rudente	rudentibus
Vocative	rudēns	rudentēs

Synonyms

• (halyard): anquīna
• (rope, cord): chorda, cōpula, fūnis, līnum, mītra, restis, retināculum

Descendants

• Italian: rudente

References

• rudens in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rudens in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rudens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• rudens in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rudens in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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Latvian

Rudens

Etymology

From the same stem as the adjective ruds (“reddish brown”) (q.v.), apparently because of the color of leaves in autumn. An older term for “autumn,” cognate with Old Prussian assanis and Russian осень (ósen’), has been lost, possibly in part due to homonymy with asinis (“blood”). Cognates include Lithuanian ruduõ.

Noun

rudens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)

1. autumn (season of the year between summer and winter, from September 23 to December 23 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by lower temperatures and by the falling of leaves)

   vēls rudens ― late autumn

   rudens diena, nakts ― autumn day, night

   vasara iet pret rudeni ― summer is going toward autumn

   jūtams rudens tuvums ― one can feel the coming of autumn

   zelta rudens ― goldemn autumn (dry and sunny autumn, with tree leaves showing many shades of color)

2. (in the genitive, used adjectivally) autumn, typical of autumn, used in autumn

   rudens āboli ― autumn apples

   rudens raža ― autumn harvest

   rudens sēja, aršana ― autumn sowing, plowing

   rudens salnas ― autumn frosts

   rudens tirgus ― autumn market

   rudens mētelis ― autumn coat

   ārā vēl arvienu līst sīkais, vienmuļīgais rudens lietus ― outside a small, dreary autumn rain is still falling

3. (figuratively) autumn (final phase, usually followed by the end)

   lai tāda brīža nav, kas skumjās jānožēlo, kad... dzīves rudens kvēlos ― let there be no moment in which one regrets in sadness, when life's autumn is ablaze

Declension

Declension of rudens (2nd declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	rudens	rudeņi
accusative (akuzatīvs)	rudeni	rudeņus
genitive (ģenitīvs)	rudens	rudeņu
dative (datīvs)	rudenim	rudeņiem
instrumental (instrumentālis)	rudeni	rudeņiem
locative (lokatīvs)	rudenī	rudeņos
vocative (vokatīvs)	rudeni	rudeņi

Derived terms

• rudenīgs
• šoruden, toruden

See also

• gadalaiks
• sezona

(seasons) četri gadalaiki; pavasaris, vasara, rudens, ziema

References

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Lithuanian

Noun

rudens m

1. genitive singular of ruduo