rudens
Danish
editNoun
editrudens c
Latin
editEtymology 1
editUncertain;[1] proposed derivations include:
- From a Proto-Indo-European root related to German Riemen (“belt, strap”) and Old English rēoma (“membrane”).
- From a root common to Ancient Greek ἐρύω (erúō, “to drag, draw”), ῥυμός (rhumós, “pole”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈruː.dẽːs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈruː.d̪ens]
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈrʊ.dẽːs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈruː.d̪ens]
Noun
editrū̆dēns m (genitive rū̆dentis); third declension
Usage notes
editThe root vowel is long in Plautus, but occurs as short exclusively at verse-end since Lucilius, Catullus, Vergil.
Declension
editNote that rū̆dentium is an alternative form for the Gen. Pl. and rū̆dentī for the Abl. Sg.
Third-declension noun.
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | rū̆dēns | rū̆dentēs |
genitive | rū̆dentis | rū̆dentum |
dative | rū̆dentī | rū̆dentibus |
accusative | rū̆dentem | rū̆dentēs |
ablative | rū̆dente | rū̆dentibus |
vocative | rū̆dēns | rū̆dentēs |
Synonyms
editDescendants
edit- Italian: rudente
Etymology 2
editPresent active participle of rudō.
Participle
editrudēns (genitive rudentis); third-declension one-termination participle
Declension
editThird-declension participle.
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masc./fem. | neuter | masc./fem. | neuter | ||
nominative | rudēns | rudentēs | rudentia | ||
genitive | rudentis | rudentium | |||
dative | rudentī | rudentibus | |||
accusative | rudentem | rudēns | rudentēs rudentīs |
rudentia | |
ablative | rudente rudentī1 |
rudentibus | |||
vocative | rudēns | rudentēs | rudentia |
1When used purely as an adjective.
References
edit- “rudens”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “rudens”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- rudens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “rudens”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “rudens”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- ^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “rudens”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 446
Latvian
editEtymology
editFrom the same stem as the adjective ruds (“reddish brown”) (q.v.), apparently because of the color of leaves in autumn. An older term for “autumn”, cognate with Old Prussian assanis and Russian о́сень (ósenʹ), has been lost, possibly in part due to homonymy with asinis (“blood”). Cognates include Lithuanian ruduõ.[1]
Noun
editrudens m (2nd declension, irregular nominative, genitive)
- autumn (season of the year between summer and winter, from September 23 to December 23 in the Northern Hemisphere, characterized by lower temperatures and by the falling of leaves)
- vēls rudens ― late autumn
- rudens diena, nakts ― autumn day, night
- vasara iet pret rudeni ― summer is going toward autumn
- jūtams rudens tuvums ― one can feel the coming of autumn
- zelta rudens ― goldemn autumn (dry and sunny autumn, with tree leaves showing many shades of color)
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) autumn, typical of autumn, used in autumn
- rudens āboli ― autumn apples
- rudens raža ― autumn harvest
- rudens sēja, aršana ― autumn sowing, plowing
- rudens salnas ― autumn frosts
- rudens tirgus ― autumn market
- rudens mētelis ― autumn coat
- ārā vēl arvienu līst sīkais, vienmuļīgais rudens lietus ― outside a small, dreary autumn rain is still falling
- (figuratively) autumn (final phase, usually followed by the end)
- lai tāda brīža nav, kas skumjās jānožēlo, kad... dzīves rudens kvēlos ― let there be no moment in which one regrets in sadness, when life's autumn is ablaze
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | rudens | rudeņi |
genitive | rudens | rudeņu |
dative | rudenim | rudeņiem |
accusative | rudeni | rudeņus |
instrumental | rudeni | rudeņiem |
locative | rudenī | rudeņos |
vocative | rudeni | rudeņi |
Derived terms
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “rudens”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary][1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
editNoun
editrudens m
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish noun forms
- Latin terms with unknown etymologies
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin participles
- Latin present participles
- Latin third declension participles
- Latin third declension participles of one termination
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian second declension nouns
- Latvian second declension nouns in -s
- Latvian noun forms
- lv:Seasons
- Lithuanian non-lemma forms
- Lithuanian noun forms