sinä
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sina"
Finnish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä. See the Proto-Finnic entry for more information on inflection.
Pronoun edit
sinä (stem sinu-)
- (personal) you (second-person singular personal pronoun, used in familiar or neutral contexts), thou
Usage notes edit
- Depending on the context, the pronoun can sometimes be omitted in written language if the text remains fluent – the pronoun is in spoken language practically always used (compare the usage of te (“you pl”)).
- As in many other European languages, the second person plural te is used in formal contexts or when addressing an unfamiliar elderly person (see teititellä). However, this custom is not anymore as usual as elsewhere in Europe in everyday life – there is from time to time discussion whether this custom is inconvenient in modern society. However, a safe way to start conversation with an unfamiliar person, especially with an elderly person, is saying te.
- When addressing another person in writing, sinä is often capitalized (Sinä).
Declension edit
- Irregular. The comitative and instructive forms do not exist; the abessive sinutta and teittä is hardly used.
- In addition to the standard set of cases, sinä and the other personal pronouns have a specific accusative form, in this case sinut. This form would have been the nominative plural form of the first stem if the word were not a personal pronoun.
Declension of sinä
|
Alternative forms edit
- sa (archaic, poetic)
- sä (colloquial)
- sie (dialectal)
- siä (dialectal)
- sää (dialectal)
- nää (dialectal)
Derived terms edit
- verbs: sinutella
Descendants edit
- Kven: sie
See also edit
Finnish personal pronouns
Further reading edit
- “sinä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2 edit
Pronoun edit
sinä
Anagrams edit
Livvi edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä. Cognates include Finnish sinä and Karelian sie.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
sinä
Declension edit
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
See also edit
References edit
- N. Gilojeva; S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect][2] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 10
- Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 258
Veps edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä.
Pronoun edit
sinä (genitive sinun, partitive sindai)
- you (singular)
Inflection edit
Inflection of sinä | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | sinä | ||
genitive sing. | sinun | ||
partitive sing. | sindai | ||
partitive plur. | teid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | sinä | tö | |
accusative | sinun | tö | |
genitive | sinun | teiden | |
partitive | sindai | teid | |
essive-instructive | — | — | |
translative | — | — | |
inessive | sinus | teiš | |
elative | sinuspäi | teišpäi | |
illative | sinuhu | teihe | |
adessive | sinai | teil | |
ablative | sinaipäi | teilpäi | |
allative | sinei | teile | |
abessive | sinuta | teita | |
comitative | sinunke | teidenke | |
prolative | — | — | |
approximative I | — | — | |
approximative II | — | — | |
egressive | — | — | |
terminative I | — | — | |
terminative II | — | — | |
terminative III | — | — | |
additive I | — | — | |
additive II | — | — |
References edit
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “ты”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika