Latvian

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Etymology

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This word results from two converging homonyms: a causative form of the verb stāt (to stand) (q.v.; cf. also stāvēt), and a derived verb from the noun stāds (plant) (q.v.). The latter is dominant in the literary language, but the former is still quite alive in dialectal usage, and is found in several expressions in the literary language as well.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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stādīt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present stādu, stādi, stāda, past stādīju)

  1. to plant (to place, to insert (plant, root, tubers, etc.) in the soil so that it grows)
    stādīt kokus, kartupeļus, puķesto plant trees, potatoes, flowers
    stādīt kāpostus, pupas, sīpolusto plant cabbage, beans, onions
    stādīt mežu, dzīvžoguto plant a forest, a hedge
    šodien mēs stādīsim dārzutoday we will plant a garden
    stādīt siltumnīcā tomātusto plant tomatoes in a greenhouse
    stādīt istabas puķes dekoratīvos podosto plant room flowers in decorative pots
    vislabāk ziemcietes stādīt pavasarīit is best to plant perennials in spring
    koki jāstāda tikpat dziļi, kā tie auguši mežātrees must be planted as deep as they grow in the forest
  2. to place, to position, to put something in a standing position
    stādīt kaktāto make stand in the corner
    stādīt priekšāto introduce (someone) (lit. to put (someone) in front)
    uz pjedestāla stādītto put (lit. make stand) on a pedestal, to glorify excessively
    Koronovs mūs stādīja rindāKoronovs made us stand in a row
    viņā pusē pie mura stādīja sešus vai septiņus notiesātoson the other side, by the wall, they had made six or seven convicts stand
    Augstība, atļaujiet jums stādīt priekšā baronesi JakobīniYour Highness, allow us to introduce (lit. make stand in front of you) the Baroness Jakobīne
    mūsu tētis bērnus nekad kaktā nestādaour father never makes children stand in the corner (e.g., as punishment)
  3. to set, to put in some place, state, or group, especially when evaluating, judging
    stādīt blakusto put (something) next to (something else, to compare them)
    stādīt pretī, pretimto put (something) opposite (something else, to contrast them)
    stādīt par priekšzīmi, par parauguto set (something) as a model, an example
    stādīt jautājumuto raise (lit. put) a question
    dzīvi stādu pirmajā vietā, mīlu to ļotiI put life in the first place, I love it very much
    tikai viens fakts runāja Milleram par labu, un Roberts to tūlīt steidzās stādīt pretim Ezeriņa aizdomāmonly one fact spoke favorably of Millers, and Roberts hurried to put it opposite (= in opposition to) Ezeriņš's suspicion
  4. (dated) to inoculate, to vaccinate
    stādīja bakas... iedzīvotājiem, kam pēdējo sešu gadu laikā nebija bakas stādītasthey vaccinated against smallpox the (local) inhabitants, who had not been vaccinated during the previous six years

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:
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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “stādīt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN