gen
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
gen (uncountable)
- (chiefly UK, informal) Information.
- 2015, Nicholas Whittaker, Platform Souls: The Trainspotter as 20th-Century Hero:
- Nose around any modest-sized station and the odds are you'll find that the chargeman's office doubles as a bashers' club, a place where shivering spotters can get warm and catch up on the gen.
- (birdwatching) Information about the location of a bird.
- 2005, Sean Dooley, The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page 172:
- I had some recent gen that they had been seen quite recently at Kunoth Well, a little dot on the map on the edge of the Tanami Desert.
- (fandom slang) Fan fiction that does not specifically focus on romance or sex.
Synonyms edit
- (fan fiction): genfic
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
gen (plural gens)
- Alternative letter-case form of Gen (“member of the Gen Movement”)
Etymology 3 edit
Shortened from generate and generator.
Verb edit
gen (third-person singular simple present gens, present participle genning, simple past and past participle genned)
- To generate using an automated process, especially a computer program.
- 1991, Bruce H. Hunter, Karen Bradford Hunter, UNIX Systems: Advanced Administration and Management Handbook:
- Defining the devices so that they will be genned during the sysgen and installation is the other half.
- 1993, Debra R. Niedermiller-Chaffins, Drew Heywood, Inside Novell NetWare, →ISBN, page 100:
- The older, genned files are difficult to keep up-to-date and are unsupported for some newer NICs.
- 2010, Donald K. Burleson, Oracle Tuning: The Definitive Reference, →ISBN, page 1109:
- As the capacities of the large servers are exceeded, a new server is genned into the RAC cluster.
- 2012, Robert Charles Wilson, Bios, →ISBN:
- The Turing factories on Isis's small moon had fallen short of productivity goals, though another two factory units had been genned.
Noun edit
gen (plural gens)
Etymology 4 edit
Shortened from genetic engineering
Verb edit
gen (third-person singular simple present gens, present participle genning, simple past and past participle genned)
- (science fiction) To genetically engineer.
- 2008, Bart Dahmer, Primal Screams, →ISBN, page 36:
- Samples could be taken from the original, and plans could be made, but genning could not be initiated until death had occurred.
- 2011, Karen Sandler, Tankborn, →ISBN, page 28:
- Her nurturer ears, genned to be hyper-sensitive, had to be hurting from the noise.
Etymology 5 edit
Etymology unknown. Possibilities include:
Noun edit
gen (plural gens)
- (obsolete, UK, slang) A shilling.
- 1851, Henry Mayhew, “Gambling of Costermongers”, in London Labour and the London Poor[1], volume 1, page 17:
- The betting also began to shift. "Sixpence Ned wins!" cried three or four; "Sixpence he loses!" answered another; "Done!" and up went the halfpence. "Half-a-crown Joe loses!"—"Here you are," answered Joe, but he lost again. "I'll try you a 'gen'" (shilling) said a coster; "And a 'rouf yenap'" (fourpence), added the other. "Say a 'exes'" (sixpence).—"Done!" and the betting continued, till the ground was spotted with silver and halfpence.
- 1978, Rose Ayers, The Street Sparrows:
- "Give me two gen, then, and take the whole bloody tol. I've walked me teef orf afore rouf this mornin', and wot 'ave I got? Two bloody yenneps! I ask yer."
Etymology 6 edit
Clipping of generation.
Noun edit
gen (plural gens)
- (informal) A generation (group of people born in a specific range of years).
- 2022 June 28, “Wimbledon tennis: Fans react to Kristina Mladenovic's eye-catching outfit”, in The New Zealand Herald[2]:
- "Mladenovic playing in what the young gen is calling a crop top, but what my gen is calling a bra," Bouchard tweeted. "Sign of the times that Wimbledon has no issue with that. Still can remember the year some had troubles because of 'too short' skirts lol."
- 2022 July 4, Ben Schott, “Is There Anything That Gen Z Won’t Drink?”, in The Washington Post[3]:
- It’s anyone’s guess whether such attitudes will persist into adulthood, but if Gen Z (and the gens to come) do prove more alco-skeptic than their forbears then the above twelve steps are deftly primed to cash in.
- (informal) A specific version of something in a chronological sequence.
- 2004, Sally Bishai, “Courtship, Marriage and the Ubiquitous ‘Dating Thing’”, in Mid-East Meets West: On Being and Becoming a Modern Arab American, Lincoln, Neb.: iUniverse, →ISBN, page 57:
- For my fellow first-gens, get ready to hide a smirk, because your life story is likely hidden somewhere in this chapter. For the uninitiated—that is, the person who's never had a thing to do with the Arab way of doing things (namely dating)—I advise you to buckle up.
- 2016, Dwight Lang, “Witnessing Social Class in the Academy”, in Allison L. Hurst, Sandi Kawecka Nenga, editors, Working in Class: Recognizing How Social Class Shapes Our Academic Work, Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, part 2 (Teaching), page 102:
- […] I witness firsthand the difficult "downstream" outcomes (Grusky 2014) of social class stratification in a university setting where approximately 3,400 undergraduates (13% of the undergraduate population) are first in their families to attend and/or graduate from college (first-gens). Most of these students are low income and nearly 1,200 first-gens have grown up in poverty.
- 2017, Temple Fennell, “SCIE: Sustainable Cycle of Investing Engagement”, in Kirby Rosplock, The Complete Direct Investing Handbook: A Guide for Family Offices, Qualified Purchasers, and Accredited Investors (Bloomberg Financial Series), Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 242:
- The Family Values and Framing Strategy steps address soft issues as what is the purpose of the new investment strategy, is there a desire to engage and train the next generation (Next Gens), and is there building buy-in and engagement across the family members important to strengthen family unity.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen m (plural gens)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gen” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “gen” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “gen”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “gen” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen m inan
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From German Gen, from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I come into being”). Coined by the Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication.
Noun edit
gen n (singular definite genet, plural indefinite gener)
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
gen
- imperative of genne
References edit
- “gen” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From German Gen, from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I come into being”). Coined by the Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen n (plural genen)
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: gen
Anagrams edit
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German gēn, gein, from gegen with elision of intervocalic -g- (compare Getreide, Maid). Doublet of gegen (“against”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
gen (governs the accusative)
- (literary, somewhat dated) in the direction; to; towards (a place or time)
- gen Norden ― to the north, northwards
- gen Abend ― towards the evening, in the late afternoon
Synonyms edit
Further reading edit
Haitian Creole edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gen
- Contraction of genyen.
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
gen n (genitive singular gens, nominative plural gen)
Declension edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Dutch gen (“gene”), from German Gen (which coined by Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication), from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I come into being”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen (plural gen-gen, first-person possessive genku, second-person possessive genmu, third-person possessive gennya)
- gene
- (genetics) a theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; a gene may take several values and in principle predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.
- (molecular biology) locus: a segment of DNA or RNA from a cell's or an organism's genome, that may take several forms and thus parameterizes a phenomenon, in general the structure of a protein.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gen” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
gen
Malay edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Dutch gen (“gene”), from German Gen (which was coined by Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication), from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I come into being”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen (plural gen-gen, informal 1st possessive genku, 2nd possessive genmu, 3rd possessive gennya)
- gene
- (genetics) a theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; a gene may take several values and in principle predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair colour.
- (molecular biology) locus: a segment of DNA or RNA from a cell's or an organism's genome, that may take several forms and thus parameterizes a phenomenon, in general the structure of a protein.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gen” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
gen
- Nonstandard spelling of gēn.
- Nonstandard spelling of gén.
- Nonstandard spelling of gěn.
- Nonstandard spelling of gèn.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English edit
Preposition edit
gen
- Alternative form of gain (“against”)
Mwotlap edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Torres-Banks *ɣani, from Proto-Oceanic *kani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən. Cognate with Vurës gen.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gen
- to eat (meat, vegetables)
- to suffer (s.th. unpleasant)
- to acquire (an honorific rank)
- (transitive) (fire) to burn s.th.
- (intransitive) (fire) to burn
Derived terms edit
References edit
François, Alexandre. 2024. Online Mwotlap–English–French cultural dictionary. Electronic files. Paris: CNRS. (Pdf version) – entry gen.
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Noun edit
gen n (definite singular genet, indefinite plural gener, definite plural gena or genene)
Usage notes edit
- Prior to a revision in 2020, this noun was also considered grammatically masculine.[1] The form genen was then made obsolete.
References edit
- “gen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- ^ Language Council of Norway, Spelling decisions since 2012 (in Norwegian, retrieved 12.21.20)
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Noun edit
gen n (definite singular genet, indefinite plural gen, definite plural gena)
Usage notes edit
- Prior to a revision in 2020, this noun was also considered grammatically masculine.[1] The forms genen, genar, and genane were then made obsolete.
References edit
- “gen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
- ^ Language Council of Norway, Spelling decisions since 2012 (in Norwegian, retrieved 12.21.20)
Old English edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *ju.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
ġēn
Old Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Celtic *gʷenom.
Noun edit
gen n or f
Inflection edit
The Dictionary of the Irish Language believes that this was a u-stem, while Matasović disputes this classification since *giun would be expected from such a stem due to raising and u-infection; he declares it an o-stem.[1] All forms except the nominative are unattested.
Neuter o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | genN | genN | genL, gena |
Vocative | genN | genN | genL, gena |
Accusative | genN | genN | genL, gena |
Genitive | ginL | gen | genN |
Dative | giunL | genaib | genaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
gen f
Inflection edit
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | genL | ginL | genaH |
Vocative | genL | ginL | genaH |
Accusative | ginN | ginL | genaH |
Genitive | gineH | genL | genN |
Dative | ginL | genaib | genaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
gen | gen pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/ |
ngen |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 146
Old Occitan edit
Adjective edit
The template Template:pro-adj does not use the parameter(s):fpl=gentasPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
gen m (feminine singular genta, masculine plural gens, feminine plural gentas)
- attractive; pleasing; nice; fair; pleasant
- 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour(Wikisource)
- Lo gens tems de pascor
- The pleasant time of Easter
- 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour(Wikisource)
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “genitus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 4: G H I, page 103
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen m inan
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen n (plural genuri)
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gen m (plural genes)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gen”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse gegn (“straight, direct”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
gen (comparative genare, superlative genast)
- gain; short, direct
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
gen c
Declension edit
Declension of gen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | gen | genen | gener | generna |
Genitive | gens | genens | geners | genernas |
Related terms edit
References edit
- gen in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- gen in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- gen in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Adverb edit
gen
Turkish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Ottoman Turkish كیك (geñ), from Proto-Turkic *kēŋ (“wide, broad”).
Cognate with Yakut киэҥ (kieñ, “wide”), Bashkir киң (kiñ), Kazakh кең (keñ), etc.
Adjective edit
gen
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
gen (definite accusative geni, plural genler)
- (colloquial) A field that wasn't plowed for several years.
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
gen (definite accusative geni, plural genler)
Declension edit
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Nominative | gen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | geni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | gen | genler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | geni | genleri | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | gene | genlere | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | gende | genlerde | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | genden | genlerden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | genin | genlerin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vietnamese edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zɛn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [jɛŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [jɛŋ˧˧]
- Phonetic: gienThe template Template:vi-IPA does not use the parameter(s):
2=ghen
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Noun edit
gen
Usage notes edit
- This is one of the rare cases in which a word's pronunciation differs from its spelling.
Derived terms edit
Vurës edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Torres-Banks *ɣani, from Proto-Oceanic *kani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.[1] Cognate with Maori kai, Malay makan.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gen
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Catriona Malau (September 2021) “gen”, in A Dictionary of Vurës, Vanuatu (Asia-Pacific Linguistics), Australian National University Press, , →ISBN, page 75
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
gen
- (colloquial) first-person singular of gan
- (colloquial) second-person singular of gan
Zhuang edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Tai *qeːnᴬ (“arm”). Cognate with Thai แขน (kɛ̌ɛn), Northern Thai ᨡᩯ᩠ᨶ, Lao ແຂນ (khǣn), Lü ᦶᦃᧃ (ẋaen), Tai Dam ꪵꪄꪙ, Shan ၶႅၼ် (khěn).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /keːn˨˦/
- Tone numbers: gen1
- Hyphenation: gen
Noun edit
gen (1957–1982 spelling gen)
Zou edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gen
- (transitive) to say
References edit
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41